Crescimento e esporulação de isolados de Verticillium lecanii sob diferentes condições nutricionais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Crescimento e esporulação de isolados de Verticillium lecanii sob diferentes fatores ambientais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Virulência de Aphanocladium album (Preuss) Gams e Verticillium lecanii (Zimm.) Viégas (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) para o Percevejo-de-renda da seringueira, Leptopharsa heveae (Drake & Poor) (Hemiptera: Tingidae)

The lace bug, Leptopharsa heveae is an insect that causes serious damage on rubber trees. In laboratory condition, the strains of Verticillium lecanii (ARSEF 6430, 6431 e 6432) and Aphanocladium album (ARSEF 6433) were tested on third-and fifth-instar nymphs and adults of L. heveae to evaluate their virulence using 2.4 x 10(5) and 2.4 x 10(7) conidia/mL. The bioassays were carried out using Petri dishes whose inner bottoms were covered with damp filter papers. Each Petri dish contained five insects and one rubber tree leaflet. The plates were covered with PVC film to provide high relative humidity, maintained at 26 +/- 0.5 degrees C and a photophase of 14 hours. The Probit analysis was calculated from mortality date of insects killed by fungi. In the highest concentrations, ARSEF 6430 was more virulent for third instar nymphs, and the LT50 was 1.9 days. For the fifth instar, the strains ARSEF 6430, 6433 and 6432 showed similar virulence with LT50 of 2.6, 2.6 and 3.2 days, respectively. For adults, ARSEF 6431 was the most virulent strain with the LT50 recorded at 2.0 days. The smallest concentration did not always cause more than 50% mortality.

Patogenicidade de Verticillium lecanii ao pulgão-do-pinus

Avaliou-se a patogenicidade do isolado IBCB 473 de Verticillium lecanii no pulgão-do-pinus Cinara atlantica (Hemiptera, Aphididae), inseto-praga em plantios de Pinus spp. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições por tratamento e cada repetição constituída de uma placa de Petri (9 cm de diâmetro) contendo 10 ninfas. Foram testadas suspensões de inóculo nas concentrações de 1,0 ' 10(6); 0,5 ' 10(7); 1,0 ' 10(7); 0,5 ' 10(8); e 1,0 ' 10(8) conídios/mL, pulverizando-se 1 mL sobre as ninfas. Como tratamento-testemunha, utilizou-se água esterilizada. As placas de Petri foram mantidas em câmara climatizada a 25 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 10% de UR e fotofase de 12 horas. As avaliações foram realizadas diariamente, anotando-se a mortalidade dos indivíduos de cada tratamento. A dose mais eficiente foi de 1,0 x 10(8) conídios/mL, causando mortalidade de 86,0% após cinco dias da pulverização. Os valores de TL50 das concentrações utilizadas foram de 5,82; 5,24; 4,60; 4,34; e 3,83 dias, respectivamente.

Glucogalactan: A polysaccharide isolated from the cell-wall of Verticillium Lecanii

A water-soluble polysaccharide was extracted with alkali from the cell wall of Verticillium lecanii (also called Lecanicillium lecanii). After freezing and thawing, the water-soluble fraction was purified by gel filtration chromatography on Sepharose CL-6B and eluted as one peak by HPSEC/RID. Monosaccharide analysis showed galactose and glucose (1.1:1), with traces of mannose (<1%). The structural characteristics were determined by spectroscopic analysis, FT-IR and 1D and 2D 1H and 13C NMR, and methylation results. On the basis of the data obtained, the following structure of the polysaccharide (E3SIV fraction) was established: where n ≈ 22 and m ≈ 22. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Verticillium dahliae (defoliating strain) - cotton, vegetables

DAFF scholarship to train in the recognition and identification of defoliating strains of Verticillium dahliae in cotton and vegetable crops.

Protocolo de tecnologia: selecao para resistencia a doencas em hortalicas. 4. Tomateiro - Murcha-de-verticilio (Verticillium dahliae e V. albo-atrum).

1999

Murcha-de-verticillium: um sério problema para o cultivo de hortaliças no Brasil.

2006

Círculo de hospedeiras de isolados de Verticillium dahliae obtidos de tomteiro, quiabeiro e morangueiro.

O gênero Verticillium apresenta duas importantes espécies de fitopatógenos (V. dahliae e V. albo-atrum). A capacidade de produção de microescleródios dos isolados de V. dahliae em cultura tem sido empregada como a principal característica para distinção destas duas espécies. Verticillium dahliae é um fungo bastante polífago, amplamente disseminado no território brasileiro, causando murcha vascular em tomate, berinjela, jiló, algodão, morango, cacau, quiabo, dentre outras hospedeiras. Verticillium dahliae apresenta especialização fisiológica em tomateiro tendo sido descritas duas raças. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo investigar a capacidade de isolados de V. dahliae em infectar e causar doença em plantas de diversas famílias botânicas. Para avaliação da gama de hospedeiros, quatro isolados do fungo foram inoculados em 62 acessos de 54 espécies em 40 gêneros e 18 famílias botânicas. A maioria dos acessos mostrou-se susceptível ao patógeno. Foram classificadas como plantas não-hospedeiras todas as gramíneas avaliadas, as solanáceas Datura stramonium, Nicandra physaloides e Physalis ?oridana, couve-flor (linhagem CNPH-003), melancia (cv. Crimson Sweet), melão (cv. Eldorado 300) alface (cvs. Regina e Robinson), cenoura, feijão, soja-verde, beterraba, maracujá azedo (Passi?ora edulis), capuchinha (Trapaeolum majus) e cariru (Talinum triangulare). Foram identificadas 27 novas hospedeiras experimentais de V. dahliae.

Determinação de espécies e de raças de isolados de Verticillium oriundos de diferentes Estados do Brasil.

2007

Comparative effect of root-knot nematode on severity of Verticillium and Fusarium wilt in cotton

The effect of root-knot nematode (RKN) (Meloidogyne incognita) on Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) was investigated. Two different inoculation methods were used, one in which inoculum was added to the soil, so that nematode and fungal inoculum were in close proximity; the other, inoculation into the stem, whereby the two inocula were spatially separated. Invasion of the roots by RKN enhanced disease severity, as measured by the height of vascular browning in the stem, following inoculation with either wilt pathogen. The effect of RKN on Fusarium wilt was more pronounced than that on Verticillium wilt. Nematode-enhanced infection by F. oxysporum is a well known effect but there are few reports of enhanced infection by Verticillium due to RKN. Relative resistance of a number of cotton cultivars to both wilt diseases, as measured by height of vascular browning, was similar to the known field performance of the cultivars. The use of vascular browning as an estimate of disease severity was therefore validated.

Enhancement of germination of spores of Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum esp vasinfectum in vascular fluid from cotton plants infected with the root-knot nematode

Root-knot nematode [RKN] (Meloidogyne incognita) can increase the severity of Verticillium (V dahliae) and Fusarium (F oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum) wilt diseases in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). This study was conducted to determine some of the physiological responses caused by nematode invasion that might decrease resistance to vascular wilt diseases. The effect of RKN was investigated on spore germination and protein, carbohydrate and peroxidase content in the xylem fluids extracted from nematode-infected plants. Two cotton cultivars were used with different levels of resistance to both of the wilt pathogens. Spore germination was greater in the xylem fluids from nematode-infected plants than from nematode-free plants. The effect on spore germination was greater in the Fusarium-resistant cultivar (51%). Analysis of these fluids showed a decrease in total protein and carbohydrate levels for both wilt-resistant cultivars, and an increase in peroxidase concentration. Fluids from nematode-free plants of the Verticillium-resistant cultivar contained 46% more peroxidase than the Fusarium-resistant cultivar. The results provide further evidence that the effect of RKN on vascular wilt resistance is systemic and not only local. Changes in metabolites in the xylem pass from the root to the stem, accelerating disease development.

Resíduos e subprodutos agroindustriais e grãos como substratos para produção do fungo entomapatogênico Lecanicillium lecanii

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desempenho de Lecanicillium lecanii em meios de cultura contendo vitaminas e concentrações de extrato de levedura

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)