W. E. B. Du Bois, Black Agency and the Slaves' Civil War

This article reviews the historical literature on slave self-activity during the US Civil War, taking account of recent developments in historiography. Attempting to move beyond the debate between those who argue for 'slave self-emancipation' and others who emphasize the role of high politics, this article suggests that while slaves played a central role in re-directing the war into an assault on slavery, there were severe constraints on their activity as well. Northern military advances played a critical role in opening up the Confederate South to slave self-assertion.

'Between slavery and freedom': the expulsion and enslavement of free women of colour in the US South before the Civil War

For free black women in the pre-Civil War American South, the status offered by ‘freedom’ was uncertain and malleable. The conceptualization of bondage and freedom as two diametrically opposed conditions therefore fails to make sense of the complexities of life for these women. Instead, notions of enslavement and freedom are better framed as a spectrum. This article develops this idea by exploring two of the ways in which some black women negotiated their status before the law—namely though petitioning for residency or for enslavement. While these petitions are atypical numerically, and often offer tantalizingly scant evidence, when used in conjunction with evidence from the US census, it becomes clear that these women were highly pragmatic. Prioritizing their spousal and broader familial affective relationships above their legal status, they rejected the often theoretical distinction between slavery and liberation. As such, the petitions can be used to reach broader conclusions about the attitudes of women who have left little written testimony.

Aplicación de nuevas tecnologías en la Arqueología de la Guerra Civil Española: Los Yesares, Pinto (Madrid. Application of new technologies in archeology of the Civil War:The Yesares, Pinto (Madrid.

ABSTRACT: The surveys carried out in the municipality of Pinto (Madrid) have enabled us to locate various structural remains linked to the military operations that took place around the capital during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). In order to identify and record them, surveys were complemented with the use of GPS and air photographs from different time periods. Afterwards, and in collaboration with researchers from various universities, further methods aimed at generating a complete special representation of the area were applied directly to one of the sites which produced the best results, known as "los Yesares". These methods include topographic mapping that resulted in cartographic material at different scales, the photographic recording with flying Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, and the use of land scanners and GPS-corrected photogrammetrics with which to obtain 3D models.

The commentaries of C. Julius Caesar : the Civil War /

Mode of access: Internet.

The first American civil war; first period, 1775-1778, with chapters on the continental or revolutionary army and on the forces of the crown,

Mode of access: Internet.

Causes of the civil war, 1859-1861,

"Critical essay on authorities": p. [343]-352.

History of the great Civil War, 1642-1649

Mode of access: Internet.

The battle of Gettysburg, the crest-wave of the American Civil War,

Mode of access: Internet.

Outcome of the civil war, 1863-1865,

"Critical essay on authorities": p. [307]-327.

Civil war in West Virginia,

Mode of access: Internet.

Vermont in the Civil War : a history of the part taken by the Vermont soldiers and sailors in the war for the Union, 1861-5 /

Reprint. Originally published: Burlington, Vt. : Free Press Association, 1886-1888.

With the light guns in ʼ61-ʼ65 : reminiscences of eleven Arkansas, Missouri, and Texas light batteries in the Civil War /

Reprint. Originally published: Little Rock, Ark. : Central Print. Co., 1903.

Napoleon III. and American diplomacy at the outbreak of the civil war.

"Two hundred copies ... printed for private distribution."

The red badge of courage; an episode of the American civil war.

Mode of access: Internet.

The story of the civil war : a concise account of the war in the United States of America between 1861 and 1865 /

Part 3 has title : The story of the civil war ; a concise account... in continuation of the story by John Codman Ropes, by William Roscoe Livermore.