Identification, quantification and structuring of two-lane rural highway safety problems and solutions. Volume I - technical report. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

Further investigation of traffic operations on two-lane, two-way rural highways. Research summary. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

A decision-making framework for the evaluation of climbing lanes on two-lane two-way rural roads: research summary. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

Review of channelizing devices for two-lane two-way operations. Interim report.

Federal Highway Administration, Office of Research, Development and Technology, Washington, D.C.

Performance criteria for channelizing devices used for two-lane two-way operations. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Office of Research, Development and Technology, Washington, D.C.

Advanced technologies for improving large-truck safety on two-lane secondary roads. Final report.

Virginia Department of Transportation, Richmond

Field evaluation of selected delineation treatments on two-lane rural highways. Executive summary.

Federal Highway Administration, Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C.

Optimal application and placement of roadside reflective devices for curves on two-lane rural highways. Final report.

Ohio Department of Transportation, Columbus

Cost-effectiveness and safety of alternative roadway delineation treatments for rural two-lane highways. Vol. I. Executive summary. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C.

Safety effects of cross-section design for two-lane roads. Volume I - final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Safety Design Division, McLean, Va.

An analysis of safety at the terminals of climbing lanes on two-lane highways. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

Passing lanes and other operational improvements on two-lane highway. Phase I - technical report.

Federal Highway Administration, Office of Safety and Traffic Operations Research and Development, Washington, D.C.

Safety effects of cross-section design for two-lane roads. Volume II - appendixes.

Federal Highway Administration, Safety Design Division, McLean, Va.

Predicting single-vehicle fatal crashes for two-lane rural highways in Southeastern United States

The rural two-lane highway in the southeastern United States is frequently associated with a disproportionate number of serious and fatal crashes and as such remains a focus of considerable safety research. The Georgia Department of Transportation spearheaded a regional fatal crash analysis to identify various safety performances of two-lane rural highways and to offer guidance for identifying suitable countermeasures with which to mitigate fatal crashes. The fatal crash data used in this study were compiled from Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina. The database, developed for an earlier study, included 557 randomly selected fatal crashes from 1997 or 1998 or both (this varied by state). Each participating state identified the candidate crashes and performed physical or video site visits to construct crash databases with enhance site-specific information. Motivated by the hypothesis that single- and multiple-vehicle crashes arise from fundamentally different circumstances, the research team applied binary logit models to predict the probability that a fatal crash is a single-vehicle run-off-road fatal crash given roadway design characteristics, roadside environment features, and traffic conditions proximal to the crash site. A wide variety of factors appears to influence or be associated with single-vehicle fatal crashes. In a model transferability assessment, the authors determined that lane width, horizontal curvature, and ambient lighting are the only three significant variables that are consistent for single-vehicle run-off-road crashes for all study locations.

Investigation of pedestrian crashes on two-way two-lane rural roads in Ethiopia

Understanding pedestrian crash causes and contributing factors in developing countries is critically important as they account for about 55% of all traffic crashes. Not surprisingly, considerable attention in the literature has been paid to road traffic crash prediction models and methodologies in developing countries of late. Despite this interest, there are significant challenges confronting safety managers in developing countries. For example, in spite of the prominence of pedestrian crashes occurring on two-way two-lane rural roads, it has proven difficult to develop pedestrian crash prediction models due to a lack of both traffic and pedestrian exposure data. This general lack of available data has further hampered identification of pedestrian crash causes and subsequent estimation of pedestrian safety performance functions. The challenges are similar across developing nations, where little is known about the relationship between pedestrian crashes, traffic flow, and road environment variables on rural two-way roads, and where unique predictor variables may be needed to capture the unique crash risk circumstances. This paper describes pedestrian crash safety performance functions for two-way two-lane rural roads in Ethiopia as a function of traffic flow, pedestrian flows, and road geometry characteristics. In particular, random parameter negative binomial model was used to investigate pedestrian crashes. The models and their interpretations make important contributions to road crash analysis and prevention in developing countries. They also assist in the identification of the contributing factors to pedestrian crashes, with the intent to identify potential design and operational improvements.