Fracionamento da proteína e estudo termoanal��tico das leguminosas: grão de bico (Cicer arietinum), variedade Cíciero e tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.)

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Otimização para a obtençao de extrato aquoso de tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.) adicionado de suco de pitanga

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Formulação de extrato aquoso de tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.) adicionado de suco de pitanga utilizando metodologia de superfície de resposta

The aim of the present study was to verify, through the response surface methodology, the optimum conditions for the combined use of aqueous extract of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) and tropical pitanga juice (Eugenia unifl ora L.) in the development of a drink. Therefore, the independent variables were represented by the volume of aqueous extract of lupine (mL) and by the volume of pitanga juice (mL). The dependent variables (responses) were obtained through sensory test of acceptance (“appearance”, “aroma”, “taste” and “overall acceptability”). The combined optimization of the variables pointed the second formulation (50mL of aqueous extract of lupine and 30mL of pitanga juice) of the experimental project as the most adequate. In conclusion it was possible to get a drink with attractive sensory characteristics using aqueous extract of white lupine and tropical pitanga juice. The usage of response surface methodology made possible the determination of regions of maximum acceptance for each attribute evaluated in the formulation of a drink with aqueous extract of white lupine and pitanga juice, with a minimum of tests.

Efeito da densidade de sementeira nos componentes de rendimento do tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.)

O tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.) é utilizado na alimentação animal e humana. Com este trabalho pretendeu-se avaliar o efeito de duas densidades de sementeira (20 e 40 sementes/m2, respectivamente) na produtividade e nos componentes do rendimento de um ecótipo de tremoço branco. O campo experimental foi instalado na Quinta do Galinheiro (ESAS) Santarém, de acordo com um delineamento experimental em parcelas totalmente aleatórias, com 4 repetições. Foram efetuadas observações bissemanais do desenvolvimento e crescimento através da amostragem aleatória de 8 plantas em cada um dos tratamentos (número de folhas, ramificações e vagens por planta; número médio de grãos por vagem e por planta; peso seco de cada componente e o total da planta; peso de 1000 grãos e teor de proteína do grão). Observaram-se perdas importantes de plantas entre a sementeira e a emergência. O maior crescimento e produtividade individual das plantas na menor densidade, relativamente à maior, justificaram os valores muito aproximados verificados entre os dois tratamentos quando são consideradas as variáveis por unidade de área. Os teores de proteína e calibre do grão foram também idênticos nos dois tratamentos. Confirma-se assim a elevada capacidade da planta em se adaptar a diferentes densidades.

Efeito da densidade de sementeira nos componentes de rendimento do tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.)

O tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.) é utilizado na alimentação animal e humana. Com este trabalho pretendeu-se avaliar o efeito de duas densidades de sementeira (20 e 40 sementes/m2, respectivamente) na produtividade e nos componentes do rendimento de um ecótipo de tremoço branco. O campo experimental foi instalado na Quinta do Galinheiro (ESAS) Santarém, de acordo com um delineamento experimental em parcelas totalmente aleatórias, com 4 repetições. Foram efetuadas observações bissemanais do desenvolvimento e crescimento através da amostragem aleatória de 8 plantas em cada um dos tratamentos (número de folhas, ramificações e vagens por planta; número médio de grãos por vagem e por planta; peso seco de cada componente e o total da planta; peso de 1000 grãos e teor de proteína do grão). Observaram-se perdas importantes de plantas entre a sementeira e a emergência. O maior crescimento e produtividade individual das plantas na menor densidade, relativamente à maior, justificaram os valores muito aproximados verificados entre os dois tratamentos quando são consideradas as variáveis por unidade de área. Os teores de proteína e calibre do grão foram também idênticos nos dois tratamentos. Confirma-se assim a elevada capacidade da planta em se adaptar a diferentes densidades.

Avaliação de algumas propriedades funcionais das farinhas de tremoço doce (Lupinus albus) e feijão guandu (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp) e sua utilização na produção de fiambre

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Comportamiento agronómico de lupino (Lupinus albus L.) en el sur de la provincia de Santa Fe

p.213-218

Lupifen II : un modelo fenol��gico para el lupino blanco (Lupinus albus L.)

p.89-97

Effect of biotic factors on the isolation of Lupinus albus L. protoplasts

Several tissue types of Lupinus albus L. were investigated as sources for the isolation of protoplasts. Cotyledons from in vitro seedlings were found to yield the highest number of protoplasts compared with leaves, hypocotyls and roots. A combination of the protoplast isolation enzymes, cellulase and Pectolyase Y23, was capable of releasing the highest number of protoplasts compared with a combination of cellulase and Macerase. Protoplast yield increased with increasing cotyledon age but was accompanied by a progressive decline in protoplast viability. The optimal combination of protoplast yield and viability occurred when the protoplasts were isolated from 14- to 18-day-old cotyledons. The ratio between the volume of enzyme solution and the tissue biomass did not affect the protoplast production significantly. This is the first report of the isolation of protoplasts from a lupin cotyledon and, following the procedure described in this paper, an average yield of 1.2 × 106 protoplasts per gram of fresh tissue was obtainable.

Desenvolvimento de produto tipo shake utilizando farinha de tremoço doce (Lupinus albus) CV multolupa, decorticada e desengordurada

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Effect of a Traditional Processing Method on the Chemical Composition of Local White Lupin (Lupinus albus L.) Seed in North-Western Ethiopia

The effect of a traditional Ethiopian lupin processing method on the chemical composition of lupin seed samples was studied. Two sampling districts, namely Mecha and Sekela, representing the mid- and high-altitude areas of north-western Ethiopia, respectively, were randomly selected. Different types of traditionally processed and marketed lupin seed samples (raw, roasted, and fi nished) were collected in six replications from each district. Raw samples are unprocessed, and roasted samples are roasted using fi rewood. Finished samples are those ready for human consumption as snack. Thousand seed weight for raw and roasted samples within a study district was similar (P > 0.05), but it was lower (P < 0.01) for fi nished samples compared to raw and roasted samples. The crude fi bre content of fi nished lupin seed sample from Mecha was lower (P < 0.01) than that of raw and roasted samples. However, the different lupin samples from Sekela had similar crude fi bre content (P > 0.05). The crude protein and crude fat contents of fi nished samples within a study district were higher (P < 0.01) than those of raw and roasted samples, respectively. Roasting had no effect on the crude protein content of lupin seed samples. The crude ash content of raw and roasted lupin samples within a study district was higher (P < 0.01) than that of fi nished lupin samples of the respective study districts. The content of quinolizidine alkaloids of fi nished lupin samples was lower than that of raw and roasted samples. There was also an interaction effect between location and lupin sample type. The traditional processing method of lupin seeds in Ethiopia has a positive contribution improving the crude protein and crude fat content, and lowering the alkaloid content of the fi nished product. The study showed the possibility of adopting the traditional processing method to process bitter white lupin for the use as protein supplement in livestock feed in Ethiopia, but further work has to be done on the processing method and animal evaluation.

White lupin (Lupinus albus L.), the neglected multipurpose crop: Its production and utilization in the mixed crop-livestock farming system of Ethiopia

A survey was conducted to generate holistic information on the production and utilization of local white lupin in two lupin growing districts, namely, Mecha and Sekela, representing mid and high altitude areas, respectively in North-western Ethiopia. During the survey, two types of participatory rural appraisal (PRA) techniques, namely, individual farmer interview (61 farmers from Mecha and 51 from Sekela) and group discussion (with 20 farmers from each district) were employed. There are significant differences (P<0.05) between the two study districts for the variables like total land holding, frequency of ploughing during lupin planting, days to maturity, lupin productivity, and number of days of soaking lupin in running water. However, there are no significant differences (P>0.05) between the two study districts for the variables like land allocated for lupin cultivation, lupin seed rate, lupin soaking at home, lupin consumption per family per week and proportion of lupin used for household consumption. The use of the crop as livestock feed is negligible due to its high alkaloid content. It is concluded that the local white lupin in Ethiopia is a valuable multipurpose crop which is being cultivated in the midst of very serious shortage of cropland. Its ability to maintain soil fertility and serve as a source of food in seasons of food scarcity makes it an important crop. However, its bitter taste due to its high alkaloid content remains to be a big challenge and any lupin improvement strategy has to focus on minimizing the alkaloid content of the crop.

Cadmium phytoextraction capacity of white lupine ( Lupinus albus L.) and narrow-leafed lupine ( Lupinus angustifolius L.) in three contrasting agroclimatic conditions of Chile

The phytoextraction process implies the use of plants to promote the elimination of metal contaminants in the soil. In fact, metal-accumulating plants are planted or transplanted in metal-contaminated soil and cultivated in accordance with established agricultural practices. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the productivity and Cd phytoextraction capacity of white lupine ( Lupinus albus L.) and narrow-leafed lupine ( Lupinus angustifolius L.), as well as the effect on residual Cd concentration in the soil. Both species of lupines were grown at three CdCl2 rates (0, 1, and 2 mg kg-1), under three agroclimatic conditions in Chile in 2013. In the arid zone (Pan de Azúcar, 73 mm precipitation), narrow-leafed lupine production was significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher than white lupine (4.55 vs. 3.26 Mg DM ha-1, respectively). In locations with higher precipitation (Santa Rosa, 670 mm; Carillanca, 880 mm), narrow-leafed lupine DM production was slightly higher than in Pan de Azúcar, but white lupine was approximately three times higher. Total plant Cd concentrations in white and narrow-leafed lupine increased as Cd rates increased in the three environments, but they were much higher in narrow-leafed lupine than white lupine; 150%, 58%, and 344% higher in Pan de Azúcar, Santa Rosa, and Carillanca, respectively. Cadmium uptake (g Cd ha-1) and apparent recovery were also higher (P &lt; 0.05) in narrow-leafed lupine in two environments (Pan de Azúcar and Carillanca). These results suggest that narrow-leafed lupine present higher potential as phytoremediation species than white lupine.

Formas de fósforo no solo após o cultivo de braquiária e tremoço branco

Phosphorus is one of the major factor that limits agricultural productivity in most tropical soils. The objective of this study was to assess P transformations and availability in a soil cropped to brachiaria (Urochloa ruziziensis) and white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). The study was carried out in a greenhouse at Botucatu, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Brachiaria and white lupin were grown in pots with soil fertilized with 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80mg dm-3 P. The plants were grown for 60 days, when they were harvested and the soil was sampled. Dry matter yields of both species were increased with P rates. Soil bioactive P is increased with P fertilization, but is not affected by the plant species. White lupin is more effective in taking up the organic soil P, but Brachiaria was more effective in reducing the soil maximum P adsorption capacity.