Water transports through the four main straits around the South China Sea

A quasi-global high-resolution HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) is used to investigate seasonal variations of water transports through the four main straits in the South China Sea. The results show that the annual transports through the four straits Luzon Strait, Taiwan Strait, Sunda Shelf and Mindoro Strait are -4.5, 2.3, 0.5 and 1.7 Sv (1 Sv=10(6) m(3)s(-1)), respectively. The Mindoro Strait has an important outflow that accounts for over one third of the total inflow through the Luzon Strait. Furthermore, it indicates that there are strong seasonal variations of water transport in the four straits. The water transport through the Luzon Strait (Taiwan Strait, Sunda Shelf, Mindoro Strait) has a maximum value of -7.6 Sv in December (3.1 Sv in July, 2.1S v in January, 4.5Sv in November), a minimum value of -2.1 Sv in June (1.5 Sv in October, -1.0 Sv in June, -0.2 Sv in May), respectively.

Validation of a regional Indonesian seas model based on a comparison between model and INSTANT transports

The International Nusantara Stratification and Transport (INSTANT) program measured currents through multiple Indonesian Seas passages simultaneously over a three-year period (from January 2004 to December 2006). The Indonesian Seas region has presented numerous challenges for numerical modelers - the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) must pass over shallow sills, into deep basins, and through narrow constrictions on its way from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean. As an important region in the global climate puzzle, a number of models have been used to try and best simulate this throughflow. In an attempt to validate our model, we present a comparison between the transports calculated from our model and those calculated from the INSTANT in situ measurements at five passages within the Indonesian Seas (Labani Channel, Lifamatola Passage, Lombok Strait, Ornbai Strait, and Timor Passage). Our Princeton Ocean Model (POM) based regional Indonesian Seas model was originally developed to analyze the influence of bottom topography on the temperature and salinity distributions in the Indonesian seas region, to disclose the path of the South Pacific Water from the continuation of the New Guinea Coastal Current entering the region of interest up to the Lifamatola Passage, and to assess the role of the pressure head in driving the ITF and in determining its total transport. Previous studies found that this model reasonably represents the general long-term flow (seasons) through this region. The INSTANT transports were compared to the results of this regional model over multiple timescales. Overall trends are somewhat represented but changes on timescales shorter than seasonal (three months) and longer than annual were not considered in our model. Normal velocities through each passage during every season are plotted. Daily volume transports and transport-weighted temperature and salinity are plotted and seasonal averages are tabulated.

Convention collective nationale des transports routiers. 1er septembre 1963 . [Éd. mise à jour au...]

[Convention collective. Transport routier. France. 1960-]

Convention collective nationale des transports routiers. 1er septembre 1964 . [Éd. mise à jour au...]

[Convention collective. Transport routier. France. 1960-]

Convention collective nationale des transports routiers. 1er décembre 1965 . [Éd. mise à jour au...]

[Convention collective. Transport routier. France. 1960-]

Convention collective nationale des transports routiers. 1er janvier 1967 . [Éd. mise à jour au...]

[Convention collective. Transport routier. France. 1960-]

Code de la route [1954] . Recueil des décret, arrêtés et circulaire réglementant la circulation. [Ministère des Travaux publics, des transports et du tourisme. 10 juillet-2 août 1954.] 2e édition

[Code de la route. 1954]

Code de la route . Décret, arrêtés et circulaires [du Ministère des travaux publics, des transports et du tourisme] réglementant la circulation. Edition à jour au 1er février 1957

[Code de la route]