Social Movement Casework and the Law and Organizing Ideal : Toward a modified law and organizing model

En Am��rique du Nord, les militants et les juristes ont longtemps cru que les avocats progressistes pourraient offrir des avantages tactiques importants aux mouvements sociaux. Cette perspective optimiste a c��d�� la place pendant les ann��es 1970 �� une attitude critique �� l'��gard des avocats et des litiges. Les chercheurs se sont interrog��s sur l���efficacit�� d���assimiler les revendications politiques �� des atteintes aux droits individuels, pour ��tre ensuite pr��sent��es devant les tribunaux. Le litige ��tait per��u comme source d���une influence n��gative qui favorise l���isolement et l���individualisme. De plus, les chercheurs ont remarqu�� qu���il y avait le potentiel pour les avocats militants ��� bien qu���ils soient bien intentionn��s ��� d���exercer leur profession d���une mani��re qui pourrait donner un sentiment d���impuissance aux autres participants du mouvement social. Les premi��res versions de cette critique vont souvent assimiler la �� strat��gie juridique �� avec le litige pr��sent�� devant les tribunaux judiciaires et g��r�� par les avocats. Une r��ponse inspirante �� cette critique a d��velopp��e au d��but des ann��es 2000, avec l'��mergence d���un mod��le de pratique que les chercheurs aux ��tats-Unis ont nomm�� �� law and organizing ��. Des ��tudes normatives sur ce mod��le offrent des arguments nuanc��s en faveur d���une pratique militante interdisciplinaire, partag��e entre les avocats et les organisateurs. Ces ��tudes continuent �� attribuer les risques d���individualisation et d���impuissance aux avocats et aux litiges. Selon ce mod��le, au lieu de diriger la strat��gie, les avocats travaillent en collaboration avec les travailleurs sociaux, les organisateurs et les citoyens pour planifier la strat��gie du mouvement social, tout en favorisant l'autonomisation et la mobilisation de la collectivit��. La pr��sente th��se offre un examen critique de ce mod��le, �� travers l'une de ses tactiques bien connues: le traitement des probl��mes juridiques individuels par les organisations militantes. La th��se examine les hypoth��ses fondatrices du mod��le �� law and organizing ��, en r��interpr��tant les probl��mes d���individualisation et d���impuissance comme ��tant des enjeux reconnus dans de multiples disciplines, partout o�� les acteurs font de l���intervention sur une base individuelle afin de provoquer un changement syst��mique. La th��se soutient qu���un mod��le de la pratique engag��e du droit qui associe l'individualisation et l'impuissance exclusivement �� la profession d'avocat risque de r��pondre de fa��on inad��quate aux deux probl��mes. La recherche propose un mod��le modifi�� qui met l'accent sur les options juridiques accessibles aux militants, tout en reconnaissant que la mobilisation et l'autonomisation sont des priorit��s qui sont partag��es entre plusieurs disciplines, m��me si elles peuvent ��tre trait��es de fa��on particuli��re �� l���int��rieur de la profession juridique.

Youth as a social movement in Latin America

Examina las principales orientaciones de los movimientos sociales juveniles en la historia latinoamericana de este siglo.

Social movement, public policy changes and partnerships building for local development

O artigo discute a influ��ncia do movimento social rural sobre as mudan��as na pol��tica de apoio ao pequeno produtor rural e para a cria����o de parcerias entre o Governo e as Organiza����es Locais para o desenvolvimento local na Amaz��nia, em particular no estado do Par��. O objetivo do artigo �� examinar a parceria como um resultado de um processo interativo entre as mudan��as nas pol��ticas p��blicas e as demandas dos movimentos sociais. O artigo mostra que embora os movimentos sociais fa��am parte de uma rela����o conflituosa entre o Estado e a sociedade civil, tais movimentos no estado do Par�� foram uma pr��-condi����o para mudan��as na pol��tica p��blica, estrutura de financiamento e prioridades das agencias regionais que resultaram em proposi����es para coopera����o entre o Governo e as Organiza����es Locais em n��vel municipal.

The Covenanters in the North : or, Sketches of the rise and progress, north of the Grampians, of the great religious and social movement of which the Covenant of 1638 was the symbol /

Mode of access: Internet.

The communication rights in the information society (CRIS) campaign: Applying social movement theories to an analysis of global media reform

Social movement theories offer useful conceptual and analytical tools to the study and research of global media reform movements. This article is a critical analysis of the Communication Rights in the Information Society (CRIS) campaign. It explores its successes and blind-spots in the light of social movement theory, in particular resource mobilization theory (RMT), and offers practical directions for the movement to move on from where it is to where it ought to be.

Strategies against racism: a comparison of a social movement and case studies of anti-racist policy and practice in the local state

The thesis compares two contrasting strategies employed with the aim of combating particular forms of racism within contemporary Britain. Both are assessed as political strategies in their own right and placed within the broader context of reformist and revolutionary political traditions. The sociology of social movements is examined critically, as are Marxist and post-Marxist writings on the role of human agency within social structures and on the nature of social movements. The history of the Anti Nazi League (ANL) in the late 1970s and its opposition to the National Front is considered as an example of anti-racist social movement based on the Trotskyist model of the United Front. The degree to which the Anti Nazi League corresponded to such a model is analysed as are the potential broader applications for such a strategy. The strategy with which the ANL is compared is the development of anti-racist and equal opportunities policies within local government in the 1980s, primarily by Labour-controlled local authorities. The theory of the local state and the political phenomenon of municipal socialism are discussed, specifically the role of various groups operating in and around local authorities in the formation and implementation of anti-racist policy and practice. Following this general discussion, two case studies in each of the areas of local authority housing, education and employment are explored to consider in depth the problems of specific anti-racist policies. In summation the efficacy of the two strategies are considered as parts of wider political currents in tandem with their declared specific objectives.

Social movement studies, Social movement studies, and the challenges of Parochialism:a rejoinder to Poulson, Caswell and Gray

In this short rejoinder, I briefly contextualise and discuss the implications of Poulson, Caswell and Gray's article for Social Movement Studies. �� 2014 Taylor & Francis.

Social Movement Unionism or Social Justice Unionism? Disentangling Theoretical Confusion within the Global Labor Movement

After the election of John Sweeney as President of the AFL-CIO in October 1995, activists and supportive intellectuals in the United States began thinking about how to revitalize the almost moribund American labor movement. A key part of this literature has revolved around the concept of ���social movement unionism.��� This term touched a nerve, and has garnered widespread usage in North America over the past two decades. However, most researchers using this term have no idea that it was initially developed to understand the new unionism developed by members of specific labor movements in Brazil, the Philippines and South Africa, a type of unionism qualitatively different from that found in North America. This paper argues that the term ���social movement unionism��� should be confined only to labor organizations developing the same type of unionism, wherever in the world such should be found. Accordingly, this concept should not be utilized in North America today as there are no labor centers or unions present that are developing this type of trade unionism. It is important to clarify this confusion because it is leads to incorrect understandings and miscommunication. Accordingly, the current situation���whereby the same term is used to refer to two qualitatively different social phenomena ���theoretically works against efforts to build global labor solidarity. What about the progressive, broad-scope unionism emerging in North America over the past two decades? Taking a page from labor history, this article argues that the proper precedent is progressive unionism developed by the United Packinghouse Workers of America, CIO, and others, and therefore should be referred to as ���social justice unionism.��� An Appendix provides a measurement tool. The argument is empirically grounded and theoretically developed, allowing us to better understand trade unionism around the globe.