Trade regulation of exchange rates

O presente estudo busca analisar o quadro regulatório internacional referente a medidas cambiais que trazem impactos no comércio. O artigo pretende explorar como a questão do câmbio se relaciona à OMC e afeta seus instrumentos e princípios para, em seguida, buscar dispositivos nos Acordos da OMC que poderiam ser aplicados à questão cambial a fim de reequilibrar os impactos causados pelos desalinhamentos cambiais no comércio internacional

International Trade Regulation and the Mitigation of Climate Change. World Trade Forum

What can trade regulation contribute towards ameliorating the GHG emissions and reducing their concentrations in the atmosphere? This collection of essays analyses options for climate-change mitigation through the lens of the trade lawyer. By examining international law, and in particular the relevant WTO agreements, the authors address the areas of potential conflict between international trade law and international law on climate mitigation and, where possible, suggest ways to strengthen mutual supportiveness between the two regimes. They do so taking into account the drivers of human-induced climate change in energy markets and of consumption.

Report of the presiding officer on proposed trade regulation rule concerning funeral industry practices : [16 C.F.R. part 453], United States of America before Federal Trade Commission /

Mode of access: Internet.

Advertising for over-the-counter drugs : public record 215-51, 16 CFR part 450 : report of the presiding officer on proposed trade regulation rule /

Cover title.

Hearing aid industry : staff report with appendices A and B : final report to the Federal Trade Commission and proposed trade regulation rule (16 CFR part 440).

Mode of access: Internet.

Appendices C through F to the Hearing aid industry staff report : final report to the Federal Trade Commission and proposed trade regulation rule (16 CFR, part 440) /

Mode of access: Internet.

Credit practices : final report to the Federal Trade Commission and proposed trade regulation rule (16 CFR part 444) /

"Staff report and recommendation on proposed trade regulation rule. 16 CFR part 444, public record 215-42."

Mobile home sales and service : final staff report to the Federal Trade Commission and proposed trade regulation rule (16 CFR part 441) /

At head of title: Federal Trade Commission.

The emergence of product certification systems as trade barriers

This paper addresses the growing difficulties automobile manufacturers face within their after sales business: an increasing number of trade obstacles set up by import countries discriminates against the foreign suppliers and impedes the international sales of genuine parts. The purpose of the study is to explore the emergence of trade restrictive product certification systems, which affect spare parts exports of automobile manufacturers. The methodology used includes review of the literature and an empirical study based on qualitative interviews with representatives of major stakeholders of the automotive after sales business. Relevant key drivers, which initiate the introduction of technical regulations in importing countries, are identified and analysed to evaluate their effect on the emerging trade policy. The analysis of the key drivers outlines that several interacting components, such as the global competitiveness of the country, macroeconomic and microeconomic factors, and certain country-specific variables induce trade restrictive product certification systems. The findings allow for an early detection of the emergence of product certification systems and provide a means to early recognise the risks and opportunities for the sales of automotive spare parts in the automakers’ target markets. This allows the manufacturers to react immediately and adapt in time to the upcoming changes.