998 resultados para Thomas, Sidney Gilchrist, 1850-1885.


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Introduction. - Sir Henry Bessemer. - Sir William Siemens. - Sir Joseph Whitworth. - Sir John Brown. - Mr. S.G. Thomas. - Mr. G.J. Snelus.

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En el intento de aproximación a la comprensión de las especificidades del personaje que ocupa la presente investigación –Cecilia Porras–, tropezamos con algunos vacíos dentro del estudio del contexto regional. Porras nace en Cartagena, en una de las familias de élite de la región, pero opta por aproximarse a la ciudad de Barranquilla –e incluso colateralmente a Bogotá–, espacios que le brindaban condiciones de posibilidad sociales, económicas y políticas, muy distintas a las que ofrecía la Heroica. Pese a que en la bibliografía disponible es posible encontrar una gran variedad de análisis referentes a los espacios y momentos en los que Porras se desempeñó –la Cartagena y la Barranquilla de mediados del siglo XX–, notamos dificultades a la hora de visualizar el modo en que estos referentes espaciales y temporales determinaron los procesos de configuración del orden socio-político en el caso concreto de cada ciudad, así como en la manera en que estas interactuaron entre sí con el centro político del país –la ciudad andina de Santafé de Bogotá– y con el resto del mundo.

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Background & Aims: HLA-B⁄27 is associated with spontaneous HCV genotype 1 clearance. HLA-B⁄27-restricted CD8+ T cells target three NS5B epitopes. Two of these epitopes are dominantly targeted in the majority of HLA-B⁄27+ patients. In chronic infection, viral escape occurs consistently in these two epitopes. The third epitope (NS5B2820) was dominantly targeted in an acutely infected patient. This was in contrast, however, to the lack of recognition and viral escape in the large majority of HLA-B⁄27+ patients. Here, we set out to determine the host factors contributing to selective targeting of this epitope. Methods: Four-digit HLA class I typing and viral sequence analyses were performed in 78 HLA-B⁄27+ patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. CD8+ T cell analyses were performed in a subset of patients. In addition, HLA/peptide affinity was compared for HLA-B⁄27:02 and 05. Results: The NS5B2820 epitope is only restricted by the HLA-B⁄27 subtype HLA-B⁄27:02 (that is frequent in Mediterranean populations), but not by the prototype HLA-B⁄27 subtype B⁄27:05. Indeed, the epitope is very dominant in HLA-B⁄27:02+ patients and is associated with viral escape mutations at the anchor position for HLA-binding in 12 out of 13 HLA-B⁄27:02+ chronically infected patients. Conclusions: The NS5B2820 epitope is immunodominant in the context of HLA-B⁄27:02, but is not restricted by other HLA-B⁄27 subtypes. This finding suggests an important role of HLA subtypes in the restriction of HCV-specific CD8+ responses. With minor HLA subtypes covering up to 39% of specific populations, these findings may have important implications for the selection of epitopes for global vaccines.

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Printed at the Thistle Press to designs executed by Bruce Rogers.

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