3 resultados para Theonella-swinhoei
Resumo:
Diverse ketosynthase (KS) genes were retrieved from the microbial community associated with the Great Barrier Reef sponge Pseudoceratina clavata. Bacterial isolation and metagenomic approaches were employed. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA of culturable sponge-associated bacterial communities comprised eight groups over four phyla. Ten KS domains were amplified from four genera of isolates and phylogenetics demonstrated that these KS domains were located in three clusters (actinobacterial, cyanobacterial and trans-AT type). Metagenomic DNA of the sponge microbial community was extracted to explore community KS genes by two approaches: direct amplification of KS domains and construction of fosmid libraries for KS domain screening. Five KS domains were retrieved from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using sponge metagenome DNA as template and five fosmid clones containing KS domains found using multiplex PCR screening. Analysis of selected polyketide synthase (PKS) from one fosmid showed that the PKS consists of two modules. Open reading frames located up- and downstream of the PKS displayed similarity with membrane synthesis-related proteins such as cardiolipin synthase. Metagenome approaches did not detect KS domains found in sponge isolates. All KS domains from both metagenome approaches formed a single cluster with KS domains originating from metagenomes derived from other sponge species from other geographical regions.
Resumo:
Based on the pelage characteristics and results of multivariate and univariate analyses, a new subspecies is described in this study, and a taxonomic revision of Tamiops swinhoei from China is presented. In total, 123 specimens of Tamiops swinhoei were in
Resumo:
松鼠科隶属于哺乳纲、啮齿目,是一类世界广布性动物,全世界共计36 属 234 种。本文通过形态分析及分子生物学方法,研究了我国松鼠科动物的分类及 系统发育关系,内容包括以下两个方面: 一、中国松鼠科动物的分类 本研究查看了中科院昆明动物研究所、中科院动物研究所、云南大学、四川 省林业科学研究院、四川大学、陕西师范大学、陕西动物研究所、西北大学、上 海自然历史博物馆、广东昆虫所馆藏该科各类群标本。同时,结合相关文献,对 各类群的外形特征进行了详细的描述和系统分类整理,我国共计10 属34 种。测 取可量性状数据共计20800 个(完整头骨共计1300 号),而且还运用多变量及单 变量分析方法进行数据分析,对部分类群的种下分类结果进行分析:1.探讨了分 布于中国境内的明纹花鼠(Tamiops mcclellandii)3 亚种的有效性。2.研究了 隐纹花鼠(Tamiops swinhoei)在中国的分化并描记了分布于四川马尔康地区的 隐纹花鼠为一新亚种(Tamiops swinhoei markamensis)。3.描记了分布于云南 省东北部昭通地区的赤腹松鼠为一新亚种:昭通亚种(Callosciurus erythraeus zhaotongensis)。4. 提出了分布于云南省无量山区的泊氏长吻松鼠为一新亚种: 无量山亚种(Dremomys pernyi wuliangshanensis)。 二、中国松鼠科动物的系统发育研究 2004-2005 年相继到滇西北高黎贡山、香格里拉,滇西南临沧地区,滇东 南马关、麻栗坡、富宁,滇东北昭通地区进行标本采集,基本收集到我国南方松 鼠科属、种样品进行分子生物学研究。 1.中国松鼠科动物各属的系统发育关系 在分析线粒体细胞色数b 基因(1040bp)序列的基础上,运用贝叶斯法 (Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction approaches)、最简约法(Maximum parsimony method)、邻接法(Neighbor Joining method)构建中国松鼠科动物 所有属间系统发育树。结果表明:所分析的10 属分别聚集为3 群,巨松鼠属Ratufa单独成为一群,丽松鼠属Callosciurus、长吻松鼠属Dremomys、花松鼠属 Tamiops 以及线松鼠属Menetes 成为一群,松鼠属Sciurus、岩松鼠属 Sciurotamias、花鼠属Tamias、旱獭属Marmota 以及黄鼠属Spermophilus 成 为一群。在此基础上我们进一步探讨了中国松鼠科动物的分化与环境变化的关 系。 2.长吻松鼠属的系统发育关系 在分析线粒体细胞色数b 基因(378bp)序列的基础上,我们重建了长吻松 鼠属内5 个类群间的系统发育关系,结合对5 类群外部形态特征的详细比较,我 们探讨并论证了红腿长吻松鼠、橙喉长吻松鼠作为种的地位的有效性,同时论证 了该属内泊氏长吻松鼠最早分化,其次为橙腹长吻松鼠,第三是红腿长吻松鼠, 红颊长吻松鼠和橙喉长吻松鼠是最后分化的类群。