Temporary Class Building

On verso: Brophy Engraving Company, 409 E. Jefferson Ave., Detroit 26, Michigan

El contenedor eficiente. Módulo itinerante para la educación social

Postprint (published version)

Guia temàtica Biblioteca ETSAB: Terratrèmols i arquitectura

Postprint (author’s final draft)

Projeto de fundações e estrutura de ampliação de escola no Açores utilizando os eurocódigos estruturais

Trabalho de Projeto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de Estruturas

Descrições estruturais cristalinas de zeólitos

Crystalline structures of zeolites can be studied using different representations: the internal symmetry obtained by X-Ray or neutron diffraction crystallography techniques or a systematic analysis of the basic structural units which can be arranged to build the geometries of each kind of zeolite. In this work the basic concepts of three building units, SBU (Secondary Building Units), SSU (Structural SubUnits) and PBU (Periodic Building Units) are presented. The properties of the resulting crystalline structures are discussed (pores, cavities, channels), describing the influence of each one of these properties in processes of physical-chemical interest. Representative case studies of known zeolite crystalline structures are also discussed in terms of their space group classification.

Descrições estruturais cristalinas de zeólitos

Crystalline structures of zeolites can be studied using different representations: the internal symmetry obtained by X-Ray or neutron diffraction crystallography techniques or a systematic analysis of the basic structural units which can be arranged to build the geometries of each kind of zeolite. In this work the basic concepts of three building units, SBU (Secondary Building Units), SSU (Structural SubUnits) and PBU (Periodic Building Units) are presented. The properties of the resulting crystalline structures are discussed (pores, cavities, channels), describing the influence of each one of these properties in processes of physical-chemical interest. Representative case studies of known zeolite crystalline structures are also discussed in terms of their space group classification.

Es la teoría microeconómica tradicional acertada a la hora de entender y/o explicar el comportamiento del consumidor y, por ende del mercado, a comparación del neuromarketing

A medida que pasa el tiempo; la ciencia, el desarrollo tecnológico y la constante búsqueda de encontrar nuevas verdades, más fehacientes y que logren responder más asertivamente los diferentes cuestionamientos de la humanidad, han logrado redefinir las teorías y los axiomas que, en su momento, se tomaron como el dogma a seguir en diferentes disciplinas y cuestionamientos de la sociedad y la industria. La concepción tradicional que se tiene de la mente y el comportamiento del consumidor tenía vacios importantes en términos de aplicabilidad y generalización de sus teorías, pues pensar que la humanidad desarrolla sus decisiones de compra bajo análisis netamente racionales y apegados a estructuras temporales para manejar su dinero es un supuesto que no se emplea de manera general y concienzuda por el común. Antes que agentes 100% racionales, con un completo flujo de información y en un mercado perfecto bajo todos los preceptos económicos, somos personas de sentimientos y sentidos. Reaccionamos ante situaciones, estados de ánimo y estímulos, donde es nuestro cerebro quien recibe todo el contexto cognitivo que nos brinda el entorno y entonces actúa (y compra) de diferentes maneras. Es allí donde el Neuromarketing nace como un claro ejemplo de esa búsqueda por una nueva verdad. Una donde entender al consumidor no deje de lado su faceta más real; sus reacciones, pues son estas las que realmente definen qué le gusta o no y qué despierta en él un impulso lo suficientemente importante como para incidir en su decisión de compra. Es por ello que el Neuromarketing se ha adentrado a estudiar lo más profundo y verídico del consumidor, su cerebro. Alejándose de las técnicas tradicionales de investigación de mercados, donde el consumidor puede desvirtuar la información que percibe de un producto o una campaña publicitaría por diferentes razones sociales y psicológicas. El Neuromarketing se ha adentrado al estudio del consumidor y su cerebro mediante técnicas biométricas, en las cuales expone al consumidor al marketing y analiza sus reacciones cerebrales en términos de interés, adrenalina, memoria activa y sentimientos, apoyado por técnicas como el ¨eye tracking¨, donde las interacciones visuales del consumidor permiten identificar los puntos calientes y de interés en determinada pieza publicitaria. Pero el estudio, entendido por algunos como ¨invasivo¨ frente a las libertades en términos de privacidad y libertad de elección del consumidor deben ser responsablemente dirigidos y puestos bajo un contexto científico, donde el único fin sea el de generar nuevas hipótesis y teorías que permitan tener un mejor conocimiento del comportamiento del consumidor sin traspasar los límites del control del mismo. El Neuromarketing debate su existencia misma entre la creación de nuevas metodologías de acercamiento al pensamiento del consumidor, la efectividad de sus conocimiento dados a la industria y el yugo social que acarrea esta ciencia debido a la potencial coerción a los consumidores debido a sus hallazgos.

Estudo sobre comportamentos de cidadania organizacional em organizações temporárias

Esta dissertação buscou aumentar os conhecimentos sobre os comportamentos de cidadania organizacional (CCO), que são ações informais de trabalhadores que beneficiam a empresa, através da análise de como estes comportamentos se manifestam em empresas que adotam estruturas temporárias para realização de suas atividades, ou seja, estruturas organizacionais temporárias (EOT). Nos estudos desenvolvidos, um modelo representativo das relações dos constructos referentes aos antecedentes cognitivos e afetivos com as dimensões que compõem os CCO foi proposto e as respectivas relações foram testadas. O estudo contou com a participação de 86 profissionais que trabalham em empresas com características equivalentes às EOT e permitiu avançar no conhecimento a respeito deste tipo de organização que carece de estudos empíricos a respeito. Estes profissionais responderam a um instrumento contendo 7 escalas de medidas das variáveis constituintes do modelo, desenvolvidas e validadas por outros autores. Os dados foram tratados por meio de análises fatoriais e por modelagem de equações estruturais. Os resultados mostraram que os CCO são significativos em EOT, apesar da ideia de temporalidade e das características referentes aos profissionais e tipo de atividades presentes (alta especificidade do produto e alta qualificação dos profissionais) sugerir inicialmente o contrário. Além disso, os resultados confirmaram que as cognições sobre a organização constituem um fator preponderante na formação dos afetos que os profissionais nutrem pela empresa e estes, por sua vez, mostraram possuir relação significativa sobre as ações que correspondem aos CCO.

Estudos e propriedades mecânicas de um novo tipo de bloco cerâmico híbrido para edificações em alvenarias estruturais

This dissertation presents a hybrid ceramic block the use of which reside in the buildings executed with walls. Initially, we conducted a survey on the requirements and / or norms prevailing in Brazil about structural ceramic blocks, making use of the experiences in other countries. This work seeks new materials and / or products in order to maintain or increase the compressive strength of the ceramic blocks, without neglecting the other properties. Then was collected materials (clay and crushed powder) and an approach on the characterization, through fluorescence, Mineralogy, vitrification curve and characterization of these materials used in the manufacture of the blocks by Ray Diffraction "X" and SEM. Subsequently it was made, numbered and measured dimensions of about 150 bodies of the test piece (hybrid ceramic blocks in small sizes) with varying percentages of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% substitution of crushed clay powder. After sintering of the bodies of the test piece at temperatures of 900oC, 1000oC 1100oC and with a heating rate of 5oC/minuto and level of 1 hour, the samples were submitted to the tests (compressive strength and water absorption) and calculated their retractions, which were subsequently carried out the analysis of the results according to the criteria and parameters required by Brazilian legislation and standards in force

Gestão ambiental na construção pesada: da teoria à prática

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

CHANGE FOR GOOD? AN ASSESSMENT OF THE DISCONNECT BETWEEN PERCEIVED BENEFITS BY ENGOS AND USER SATISFACTION OF SOLAR BOTTLE LIGHTS IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS OF DHAKA CITY, BANGLADESH

A major challenge for a developing country such as Bangladesh is to supply basic services to its most marginalized populations, which includes both rural and urban dwellers. The government struggles to provide basic necessities such as water and electricity. In marginalized urban communities in Bangladesh, in particular informal settlements, meeting basic needs is even direr. Most informal settlements are built to respond to a rapid immigration to urban centers, and are thought of as ‘temporary structures’, though many structures have been there for decades. In addition, as the settlements are often squatting on private land, access to formalized services such as electricity or water is largely absent. In some cases, electricity and water connections are brought in - but through informal and non-government sanctioned ways -- these hookups are deemed ‘illegal’ by the state. My research will focus on recent efforts to help ameliorate issues associated with lack of basic services in informal settlements in Bangladesh – in this case lack of light. When the government fails to meet the needs of the general population, different non-government organizations tend to step in to intervene. A new emphasis on solar bottle systems in informal urban settlement areas to help address some energy needs (specifically day-time lighting). One such example is the solar bottle light in Bangladesh, a project introduced by the organization ‘Change’. There has been mixed reactions on this technology among the users. This is where my research intervenes. I have used quantitative method to investigate user satisfactions for the solar bottle lights among the residents of the informal settlements to address the overarching question, is there a disconnect between the perceived benefits of the ENGO and the user satisfaction of the residents of the informal settlements of Dhaka City? This paper uses survey responses to investigate level of user satisfaction and the contributing factors.

Applavsi festivi fatti in Roma per l'elezzione di Ferdinando III. al regno de' romani dal ser.mo princ. Mavrizio card. di Savoia /

Illustrations: allegorical title page and eleven plates, some of them numbered. Four plates depict decorations designed by the architect Orazio Turriani: the colonnade on the Piazza della Spada in Rome, two plates of a triumphal arch, and a fountain structured as a nymphaea. Seven plates depict temporary structures used for fireworks display, including 2 states of plate numbered "70" or "02". The plates are etched by Luca Ciamberlano after Niccolò Tornioli.

Structural failures due to lack of bracing

The goal of the research is to provide an overview of those factors that play a major role in structural failures and also to focus on the importance that bracing has in construction accidents. A temporary bracing system is important to construction safety, yet it is often neglected. Structural collapses often occur due to the insufficient support of loads that are applied at the time of failure. The structural load is usually analyzed by conceiving the whole structure as a completed entity, and there is frequently a lack of design or proper implementation of systems that can provide stability during construction. Often, the specific provisions and requirements of temporary bracing systems are left to the workers on the job site that may not have the qualifications or expertise for proper execution. To effectively see if bracing design should get more attention in codes and standards, failures which could have been avoided with the presence and/or the correct design of a bracing system were searched and selected among a variety of cases existing in the engineering literature. Eleven major cases were found, which span in a time frame of almost 70 years, clearly showing that the topic should get more attention. The case studies are presented in chronological order and in a systematic way. The failed structure is described in its design components and the sequence of failure is reconstructed. Then, the causes and failure mechanism are presented. Advice on how to avoid similar failures from happening again and hypothetic solutions which could have prevented the collapses are identified. The findings shows that insufficient or nonexistent bracing mainly results from human negligence or miscalculation of the load analysis and show that time has come to fully acknowledge that temporary structures should be more accounted for in design and not left to contractors' means and methods of construction.

Estudos e propriedades mecânicas de um novo tipo de bloco cerâmico híbrido para edificações em alvenarias estruturais

This dissertation presents a hybrid ceramic block the use of which reside in the buildings executed with walls. Initially, we conducted a survey on the requirements and / or norms prevailing in Brazil about structural ceramic blocks, making use of the experiences in other countries. This work seeks new materials and / or products in order to maintain or increase the compressive strength of the ceramic blocks, without neglecting the other properties. Then was collected materials (clay and crushed powder) and an approach on the characterization, through fluorescence, Mineralogy, vitrification curve and characterization of these materials used in the manufacture of the blocks by Ray Diffraction "X" and SEM. Subsequently it was made, numbered and measured dimensions of about 150 bodies of the test piece (hybrid ceramic blocks in small sizes) with varying percentages of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% substitution of crushed clay powder. After sintering of the bodies of the test piece at temperatures of 900oC, 1000oC 1100oC and with a heating rate of 5oC/minuto and level of 1 hour, the samples were submitted to the tests (compressive strength and water absorption) and calculated their retractions, which were subsequently carried out the analysis of the results according to the criteria and parameters required by Brazilian legislation and standards in force

Assessing initial embodied energy in building structures using LCA methodology

The considerable amount of energy consumed on Earth is a major cause for not achieving sustainable development. Buildings are responsible for the highest worldwide energy consumption, nearly 40%. Strong efforts have been made in what concerns the reduction of buildings operational energy (heating, hot water, ventilation, electricity), since operational energy is so far the highest energy component in a building life cycle. However, as operational energy is being reduced the embodied energy increases. One of the building elements responsible for higher embodied energy consumption is the building structural system. Therefore, the present work is going to study part of embodied energy (initial embodied energy) in building structures using a life cycle assessment methodology, in order to contribute for a greater understanding of embodied energy in buildings structural systems. Initial embodied energy is estimated for a building structure by varying the span and the structural material type. The results are analysed and compared for different stages, and some conclusions are drawn. At the end of this work it was possible to conclude that the building span does not have considerable influence in embodied energy consumption of building structures. However, the structural material type has influence in the overall energetic performance. In fact, with this research it was possible that building structure that requires more initial embodied energy is the steel structure; then the glued laminated timber structure; and finally the concrete structure.