Temporary tattoos:a novel OSCE assessment tool

Background: There are many issues regarding the use of real patients in objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs). In dermatology OSCE stations, standardised patients (SPs) with clinical photographs are often used. Temporary transfer tattoos can potentially simulate skin lesions when applied to an SP. This study aims to appraise the use of temporary malignant melanoma tattoos within an OSCE framework. Method: Within an 11-station OSCE, a temporary malignant melanoma tattoo was developed and applied to SPs in a 'skin lesion' OSCE station. A questionnaire captured the opinions of the candidate, SP and examiners, and the degree of perceived realism of each station was determined. Standard post hoc OSCE analysis determined the psychometric reliability of the stations. Results: The response rates were 95.9 per cent of candidates and 100 per cent of the examiners and SPs. The 'skin lesion' station achieved the highest realism score compared with other stations: 89.0 per cent of candidates felt that the skin lesion appeared realistic; only 28 per cent of candidates had ever seen a melanoma before in training. The psychometric performance of the melanoma station was comparable with, and in many instances better than, other OSCE stations. Discussion: Transfer tattoo technology facilitates a realistic dermatology OSCE station encounter. Temporary tattoos, alongside trained SPs, provide an authentic, standardised and reliable experience, allowing the assessment of integrated dermatology clinical skills.

‘“Indelible characters”:Tattoos, Power and the Late Nineteenth-Century Irish Convict Body

Since the late nineteenth-century works of criminologists Lombroso and Lacassagne, tattoos in Europe have been commonly associated with deviant bodies. Like many other studies of tattoos of non-indigenous origin, the locus of our research is the convict body. Given the corporeal emphasis of prison records, we argue that tattoos form a crucial part of the power dynamic. Tattoos in the carceral context embody an inherent paradox of their being a component in the reidentification of 'habitual criminals'. We argue that their presence can be regarded as an expression of convict agency: by the act of imprinting unique identifiers on their bodies, convicts boldly defied the official gaze, while equally their description in official records exacted power over the deviant body. Cursory findings show an alignment with other national studies; corporeal inscriptions in Ireland were more prevalent in men's prisons than women's and associated, however loosely, with certain occupations. For instance, maritime and military motifs find representation. Recidivists were more likely to have tattoos than first-time offenders; inscriptions were described as monotone, rudimentary in design and incorporated a limited range of impressions. Further to our argument that tattoos form an expression of convict defiance of prison authority, we have found an unusual idiosyncrasy in the convict record, that is, that the agency of photography, while undermined in general terms, was manipulated by prison officers.

Saint Margaret's Tattoos: Empowering Marks on White Skin

Saint Margaret, as presented in the “Katherine Group” life of the virgin martyr, claims to have Christ’s “marks” and “seals” on her. Bringing together postmodern theories of body modification and Paul Zumthor’s concept of mouvance, this essay reads these marks as tattoos that consist of virtual (tattoo fantasies), oral (tattoo narratives), and written elements (the actual marks on skin). Margaret defends and empowers herself by claiming to possess Christ’s ownership tattoo. Her oppressor Olibrius, in turn, intends to overwrite that mark palimpsestically and hence to empower himself, not unlike slave-owners in antiquity. While the gruesome torture scenes suggest that Olibrius wins the upper hand in this contest, the outcome of the narrative instead proves that Margaret triumphs. She dies a virgin after defiantly appropriating, in her tattoo narrative, the torture marks as her own, divine tattoo.

Encouraging the intellectual craft of living research:tattoos, theory and time

This chapter contributes to the anthology on learning to research - researching to learn because it emphases a need to design curricula that enables living research, and on-going researcher development, rather than one that restricts student and staff activities, within a marketised approach towards time. In recent decades higher education (HE) has come to be valued for its contribution to the global economy. Referred to as the neo-liberal university, a strong prioritisation has been placed on meeting the needs of industry by providing a better workforce. This perspective emphasises the role of a degree in HE to secure future material affluence, rather than to study as an on-going investment in the self (Molesworth , Nixon & Scullion, 2009: 280). Students are treated primarily as consumers in this model, where through their tuition fees they purchase a product, rather than benefit from the transformative potential university education offers for the whole of life.Given that HE is now measured by the numbers of students it attracts, and later places into well-paid jobs, there is an intense pressure on time, which has led to a method where the learning experiences of students are broken down into discrete modules. Whilst this provides consistency, students can come to view research processes in a fragmented way within the modular system. Topics are presented chronologically, week-by-week and students simply complete a set of tasks to ‘have a degree’, rather than to ‘be learners’ (Molesworth , Nixon & Scullion, 2009: 277) who are living their research, in relation to their own past, present and future. The idea of living research in this context is my own adaptation of an approach suggested by C. Wright Mills (1959) in The Sociological Imagination. Mills advises that successful scholars do not split their work from the rest of their lives, but treat scholarship as a choice of how to live, as well as a choice of career. The marketised slant in HE thus creates a tension firstly, for students who are learning to research. Mills would encourage them to be creative, not instrumental, in their use of time, yet they are journeying through a system that is structured for a swift progression towards a high paid job, rather than crafted for reflexive inquiry, that transforms their understanding throughout life. Many universities are placing a strong focus on discrete skills for student employability, but I suggest that embedding the transformative skills emphasised by Mills empowers students and builds their confidence to help them make connections that aid their employability. Secondly, the marketised approach creates a problem for staff designing the curriculum, if students do not easily make links across time over their years of study and whole programmes. By researching to learn, staff can discover new methods to apply in their design of the curriculum, to help students make important and creative connections across their programmes of study.

Improved Subject Identification in Surveillance Video using Super Resolution

The time consuming and labour intensive task of identifying individuals in surveillance video is often challenged by poor resolution and the sheer volume of stored video. Faces or identifying marks such as tattoos are often too coarse for direct matching by machine or human vision. Object tracking and super-resolution can then be combined to facilitate the automated detection and enhancement of areas of interest. The object tracking process enables the automatic detection of people of interest, greatly reducing the amount of data for super-resolution. Smaller regions such as faces can also be tracked. A number of instances of such regions can then be utilized to obtain a super-resolved version for matching. Performance improvement from super-resolution is demonstrated using a face verification task. It is shown that there is a consistent improvement of approximately 7% in verification accuracy, using both Eigenface and Elastic Bunch Graph Matching approaches for automatic face verification, starting from faces with an eye to eye distance of 14 pixels. Visual improvement in image fidelity from super-resolved images over low-resolution and interpolated images is demonstrated on a small database. Current research and future directions in this area are also summarized.

O design de interfaces epiteliais dinâmicas: como as novas tecnologias afetam o projeto de tatuagens

A tatuagem é uma antiga forma de inscrição corporal que apesar de sua idade não sofreu alterações em termos de materiais e técnicas. O desenvolvimento de tecnologias para a concepção de novas modalidades de intervenção orgânica terá ramificações em diversas áreas, permitindo o uso de novas interfaces epiteliais interativas (tatuagens dinâmicas responsivas), e criando novas vias de interação e comunicação incorporada. Em contraste à prática tradicional de imagens estáticas, as tatuagens dinâmicas (TDs) permitem a geração de imagens dinâmicas e interativas na pele. Nosso objetivo aqui é apresentar este novo campo de pesquisa e refletir sobre o papel do designer no projeto de tatuagens dinâmicas e as implicações destas tatuagens que transformam a pele em uma nova fonte de inscrições interativas e reversíveis.

O corpo-limite

A pesquisa Corpolimite parte do discurso de onde a fisicalidade e experiência informe do corpo que atravessa camadas, dos rituais de passagem às políticas urbanas, cria complexidades e zonas desestabilizantes que revelam saberes via percepção e sentidos através da experiência poética em carne-viva. Partindo da perspectiva das modificações corporais no contexto das transformações extremas (como tatuagens, piercings, escarificação, implantes e suspensão corporal) o trabalho traça um percurso errático acerca das práticas de corpo que borram fronteiras, abrem fissuras e desviam, criando novos caminhos poéticos, novos jogos de significação. Baseando-se numa escrita poética e biográfica, o texto mistura imagem e palavra de forma a elaborar uma trama das complexidades envolvidas nos processos descritos. Trabalhando no campo da Performance Art e da Body Art o discurso arte-vida é permanente, trazendo à tona traços da vida cotidiana. Estes rastros transbordam e jorram pelo texto que é carne, matéria viva deste corpo de papel

Enxerto de Tecido Conjuntivo

Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina Dentária

O corpo e as ilusões óticas

Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino de Artes Visuais, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014

Les différences du corps ne laissent pas indifférents

Ce mémoire porte sur une étude du corps dans sa dimension socioculturelle. À partir d’entrevues sous le mode du récit de vie, je cherche à comprendre les manières dont les différences qui passent par le corps participent à définir les individus, en fonction des connotations culturelles qui y sont rattachées. Ces différences sont définies comme des composantes du corps qui sont perçues comme une déviation de la norme sachant que celle-ci est établie par une culture dominante. Trois corps différents ont fait l’objet de cette étude : un corps de petite taille, un corps de race noire et un corps tatoué. Cette démarche est essentiellement ancrée dans un cadre théorique faisant écho aux études culturelles telles que définies par Stuart Hall (1997) et aux études de genres selon Judith Butler (2001). Elle émerge du principe d’après lequel le corps est un réservoir de signes dont les connaissances produites à l’intérieur du système social contribuent à créer des sujets. Ce travail s’organise autour de questions qui touchent aux pratiques culturelles qui participent à la construction du corps, à la production des différences, à l’inscription des différences dans le corps et au processus de subjectivation des individus. De plus, il est suggéré que les connotations négatives associées aux différences créent des systèmes de classification hiérarchisés marqués par des formes de discrimination des groupes dominés. Ce travail aboutit à une mise en évidence des différences comme des éléments organisant les relations sociales à travers des rapports de pouvoir dont l’exercice rappelle la structure de la société disciplinaire telle qu’étudiée par Michel Foucault (1975).

Grado de aclaramiento de tatuajes y eventos adversos, posterior a una sesión con láser q-switch

Introducción: Los resultados de la remoción de tatuajes con láser de sesión a sesión según los parámetros utilizados son limitados en la literatura. Objetivo: Evaluar los cambios en el aclaramiento de tatuajes y factores asociados posterior a una sesión con láser y los efectos adversos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio longitudinal retrospectivo de antes y después de 1 sesión de con láser para remoción de tatuajes, donde se determinaron parámetros del tratamiento, aclaramiento y efectos adversos. Resultados: Se evaluaron 35 pacientes para un total de 98 sesiones, fototipo de piel II y IV. Equipos utilizados laser Q-Switch Nd Yag 1064 (83.3%), láser Q-Switch Nd YAG 532(11.3%) y laser Q-Switch Rubí (4.1%). El aclaramiento posterior a la sesión de láser fue evaluado por dos evaluadores independientes, mostrando concordancia significativa (Kappa de 0.615, p<0.001), con aclaración en un 96% de los tatuajes después de la sesión de láser. (p< 0.001). Se encontraron cambios significativos entre la densidad de energía aplicada y las categorías de aclaramiento de la escala de 0 a 3, siendo a mayor densidad mayor el nivel de aclaramiento (p= 0.05). No se encontró asociación significativa entre el número de pases y el aclaramiento del tatuaje. Los efectos adversos fueron del 5.4%. Cicatriz 2%, hiperpigmentación 2% y hipopigmentación 1%. Conclusión: Posterior a una sesión de remoción de tatuajes con láser Q-Switch hay un aclaramiento significativo en un 96% asociado con la densidad de energía, a mayor densidad de energía mayor el nivel de aclaramiento y no al número de pases realizados.