Uma abordagem para um plano de gestão de fluxo de dados na TV Unesp

Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC

TV a.G: A PROGRAMAÇÃO TELEVISIVA PAULISTA ANTES DA GLOBO

A programação é a alma da emissora, ela dá identidade ao canal e é o verdadeiro produto da TV. A grade de programação faz parte de uma estratégia que busca atrair o máximo de audiência possível e, principalmente, mantê-la fiel. Na década de 1970, a TV Globo alcançou o primeiro lugar de audiência com um modelo de grade que, em linhas gerais, permanece até hoje, como por exemplo, o sanduíche novela-telejornal-novela. Mas como era programação televisiva antes da Globo? Quais os gêneros de programas mais comuns? O era exibido no horário nobre? Como era a programação da então líder TV Tupi? Da glamurosa TV Excelsior? Da TV Record de Paulo Machado de Carvalho? E da pequena TV Paulista que funcionava num apartamento? Nas duas primeiras décadas da TV brasileira é que surgiram as pesquisas de audiência, o videoteipe, as transmissões via satélite e o início da formação das redes. Como algumas dessas tecnologias influenciaram a programação? Por meio de uma metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa, baseada em pesquisa bibliográfica, observação de dados e em entrevistas com profissionais do setor, esta pesquisa de caráter exploratório se baseia em dois eixos estruturais: 1) Rever os principais critérios de classificação de gêneros televisivos e, com esta classificação, fazer a segunda parte do estudo: 2) Analisar as características de programação das quatro emissoras comerciais de maior audiência da TV aberta paulista, nas décadas de 1950 e 1960.

Over the Air Download for Digital Television Receivers Upgrade

Over the air download is an important feature for terrestrial digital television systems. It provides a cheaper option for DTV receiver manufacturers to provide bug fixes and quality improvements to their products, allowing a shorter time to the market. This paper presents a mechanism proposal of an over the air download software update for the Brazilian system. This mechanism was specified considering the Brazilian DTV over the air download specifications, but it was extended considering efficiency, reliability and user transparency as requirements for software update. A proof of concept was implemented on a Linux based set-top box. The mechanism is divided into five main functional parts: download schedule, packets download, packets authentication, installation and error robustness. Some analyses were conducted upon the implementation considering the following criteria: download robustness and maximum downloading rate. (1)

Three essays on major trends in a slow clockspeed industry : the case of industrial automation

The motivation for this research initiated from the abrupt rise and fall of minicomputers which were initially used both for industrial automation and business applications due to their significantly lower cost than their predecessors, the mainframes. Later industrial automation developed its own vertically integrated hardware and software to address the application needs of uninterrupted operations, real-time control and resilience to harsh environmental conditions. This has led to the creation of an independent industry, namely industrial automation used in PLC, DCS, SCADA and robot control systems. This industry employs today over 200'000 people in a profitable slow clockspeed context in contrast to the two mainstream computing industries of information technology (IT) focused on business applications and telecommunications focused on communications networks and hand-held devices. Already in 1990s it was foreseen that IT and communication would merge into one Information and communication industry (ICT). The fundamental question of the thesis is: Could industrial automation leverage a common technology platform with the newly formed ICT industry? Computer systems dominated by complex instruction set computers (CISC) were challenged during 1990s with higher performance reduced instruction set computers (RISC). RISC started to evolve parallel to the constant advancement of Moore's law. These developments created the high performance and low energy consumption System-on-Chip architecture (SoC). Unlike to the CISC processors RISC processor architecture is a separate industry from the RISC chip manufacturing industry. It also has several hardware independent software platforms consisting of integrated operating system, development environment, user interface and application market which enables customers to have more choices due to hardware independent real time capable software applications. An architecture disruption merged and the smartphone and tablet market were formed with new rules and new key players in the ICT industry. Today there are more RISC computer systems running Linux (or other Unix variants) than any other computer system. The astonishing rise of SoC based technologies and related software platforms in smartphones created in unit terms the largest installed base ever seen in the history of computers and is now being further extended by tablets. An underlying additional element of this transition is the increasing role of open source technologies both in software and hardware. This has driven the microprocessor based personal computer industry with few dominating closed operating system platforms into a steep decline. A significant factor in this process has been the separation of processor architecture and processor chip production and operating systems and application development platforms merger into integrated software platforms with proprietary application markets. Furthermore the pay-by-click marketing has changed the way applications development is compensated: Three essays on major trends in a slow clockspeed industry: The case of industrial automation 2014 freeware, ad based or licensed - all at a lower price and used by a wider customer base than ever before. Moreover, the concept of software maintenance contract is very remote in the app world. However, as a slow clockspeed industry, industrial automation has remained intact during the disruptions based on SoC and related software platforms in the ICT industries. Industrial automation incumbents continue to supply systems based on vertically integrated systems consisting of proprietary software and proprietary mainly microprocessor based hardware. They enjoy admirable profitability levels on a very narrow customer base due to strong technology-enabled customer lock-in and customers' high risk leverage as their production is dependent on fault-free operation of the industrial automation systems. When will this balance of power be disrupted? The thesis suggests how industrial automation could join the mainstream ICT industry and create an information, communication and automation (ICAT) industry. Lately the Internet of Things (loT) and weightless networks, a new standard leveraging frequency channels earlier occupied by TV broadcasting, have gradually started to change the rigid world of Machine to Machine (M2M) interaction. It is foreseeable that enough momentum will be created that the industrial automation market will in due course face an architecture disruption empowered by these new trends. This thesis examines the current state of industrial automation subject to the competition between the incumbents firstly through a research on cost competitiveness efforts in captive outsourcing of engineering, research and development and secondly researching process re- engineering in the case of complex system global software support. Thirdly we investigate the industry actors', namely customers, incumbents and newcomers, views on the future direction of industrial automation and conclude with our assessments of the possible routes industrial automation could advance taking into account the looming rise of the Internet of Things (loT) and weightless networks. Industrial automation is an industry dominated by a handful of global players each of them focusing on maintaining their own proprietary solutions. The rise of de facto standards like IBM PC, Unix and Linux and SoC leveraged by IBM, Compaq, Dell, HP, ARM, Apple, Google, Samsung and others have created new markets of personal computers, smartphone and tablets and will eventually also impact industrial automation through game changing commoditization and related control point and business model changes. This trend will inevitably continue, but the transition to a commoditized industrial automation will not happen in the near future.

Gestão e fomento para a televisão digital pública

Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC

Tradurre il genere documentario : Due proposte di sottotitolaggio del documentario Little Land a confronto

The aim of this thesis is to discuss the main translation issues encountered while performing a double version of the subtitles of the documentary “Little Land” from English into Italian. The main motivation behind my choice is a personal interest in the subtitling field applied to the documentary filmic genre. This project is divided into two parts. The first part constitutes the theoretical basis of the thesis and is divided in three chapters. The first chapter introduces the documentary “Little Land” and analyses its main features and characteristics. The second chapter is devoted to documentary studies and theory of documentary, including the historical overview of the changes of this filmic genre and an overview of its market potential in order to meet both the audience and the director’s requirements. The third chapter deals with audiovisual translation as a discipline, and analyses the main translation techniques adopted for the documentary genre: dubbing, voice-over and subtitling. The subtitling section is particularly rich, and a discussion of the use of double and pivot subtitles and the possibilities of subtitling for accessibility issues is included. The second part constitutes the practical development of the theories introduced and dealt with in the first part. Chapter four provides an overview of the history of the Cineteca di Bologna, for whom I worked as a subtitler, and explains the guide lines and equipment required in order to perform the manual launch of the subtitles during their festival Human Rights Nights. The fifth and final chapter provides an analysis of the second version of the subtitles, meant for TV broadcasting, and highlights the main issues encountered during the translation process, both from a structural and a lexical point of view. A discussion of the different translation strategies adopted is provided, in a constant comparison with the first version of the subtitles. The function of self-reflection and self-observation in translation is also examined. Appendix A and B contain the interviews with “Little Land”’s director and protagonist respectively, Appendix C contains the subtitles table.

T V C Â M A R A D E B A U R U PAPEL SOCIAL DO CANAL LEGISLATIVO E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM A COMUNIDADE LOCAL

Esta pesquisa analisa a TV CÂMARA canal legislativo municipal da cidade de Bauru, SP. Os objetivos foram levantar as formas de uso do canal, analisar o conteúdo da programação produzida e veiculada para a realidade bauruense, suas contribuições sociais na construção da consciência cidadã e a aceitação do canal junto ao telespectador. Os procedimentos metodológicos incluíram a observação participante, que consistiu no acompanhamento interno das atividades do canal de março de 2002 a fevereiro de 2003 e em julho de 2003. A pesquisa documental que ofereceu dados sobre estratégias da programação e entrevistas, as quais permitiram colher informações sobre participação da comunidade nos programas e sua percepção sobre o papel do canal televisivo no município. Conclui-se que o canal abriu um considerável leque de opções na televisão local. A cidade se enxerga quando assiste o canal legislativo. Ainda assim a TV Câmara precisa se solidificar no meio em que atua. A participação da sociedade pode ser ampliada com mais programas e ainda de forma mais direta, inclusive na elaboração de pautas. O mais importante: o canal é um instrumento público.

Special report by the Advisory Board for Cuba Broadcasting on TV Martí : presented to President George Bush, January 1991.

Shipping list no.: 91-152-P.

Programação esportiva na TV Brasil : a influência da ideologia e indústria cultural

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

TV Recommendation and Personalization Systems: Integrating Broadcast and Video On-demand Services

he expansion of Digital Television and the convergence between conventional broadcasting and television over IP contributed to the gradual increase of the number of available channels and on demand video content. Moreover, the dissemination of the use of mobile devices like laptops, smartphones and tablets on everyday activities resulted in a shift of the traditional television viewing paradigm from the couch to everywhere, anytime from any device. Although this new scenario enables a great improvement in viewing experiences, it also brings new challenges given the overload of information that the viewer faces. Recommendation systems stand out as a possible solution to help a watcher on the selection of the content that best fits his/her preferences. This paper describes a web based system that helps the user navigating on broadcasted and online television content by implementing recommendations based on collaborative and content based filtering. The algorithms developed estimate the similarity between items and users and predict the rating that a user would assign to a particular item (television program, movie, etc.). To enable interoperability between different systems, programs characteristics (title, genre, actors, etc.) are stored according to the TV-Anytime standard. The set of recommendations produced are presented through a Web Application that allows the user to interact with the system based on the obtained recommendations.

Competition between TV platforms

The aim of this paper is to identify the factors that affect the market penetration of pay television by studying the competition that exists between three types of technology (satellite, cable and ADSL). We distinguish three groups of factors: the level of market competition, the level of competition in the industry and the quality of the product being offered. Our results seem to indicate that as market concentration increases, the television service can achieve greater penetration. This relationship is specifically captured by the level of intra- and inter-platform competition. We also examine the relationship between free television channels and pay television and find that as the amount of time dedicated to the broadcasting of advertising by the former increases, the number of subscribers to pay TV rises. Finally, we examine product quality by introducing the effect of holding the rights to broadcast Professional Football League matches and an HBO or Showtime produced series. Our results suggest that these variables are critical for the penetration of pay television.

On Transmission System Design for Wireless Broadcasting

This thesis considers aspects related to the design and standardisation of transmission systems for wireless broadcasting, comprising terrestrial and mobile reception. The purpose is to identify which factors influence the technical decisions and what issues could be better considered in the design process in order to assess different use cases, service scenarios and end-user quality. Further, the necessity of cross-layer optimisation for efficient data transmission is emphasised and means to take this into consideration are suggested. The work is mainly related terrestrial and mobile digital video broadcasting systems but many of the findings can be generalised also to other transmission systems and design processes. The work has led to three main conclusions. First, it is discovered that there are no sufficiently accurate error criteria for measuring the subjective perceived audiovisual quality that could be utilised in transmission system design. Means for designing new error criteria for mobile TV (television) services are suggested and similar work related to other services is recommended. Second, it is suggested that in addition to commercial requirements there should be technical requirements setting the frame work for the design process of a new transmission system. The technical requirements should include the assessed reception conditions, technical quality of service and service functionalities. Reception conditions comprise radio channel models, receiver types and antenna types. Technical quality of service consists of bandwidth, timeliness and reliability. Of these, the thesis focuses on radio channel models and errorcriteria (reliability) as two of the most important design challenges and provides means to optimise transmission parameters based on these. Third, the thesis argues that the most favourable development for wireless broadcasting would be a single system suitable for all scenarios of wireless broadcasting. It is claimed that there are no major technical obstacles to achieve this and that the recently published second generation digital terrestrial television broadcasting system provides a good basis. The challenges and opportunities of a universal wireless broadcasting system are discussed mainly from technical but briefly also from commercial and regulatory aspect

Consistency and change in Finnish broadcasting policy : the implementation of digital television and lessons from the Canadian experience

Konsistens och förändring i finländsk etermediapolitik. Implementering av digital television och en jämförelse med Kanada Avhandlingen handlar om hur det finländska televisionssystemet förändrades i slutet av 1990-talet från en nationell institution till ett dualistiskt system som präglas av stark marknadsorientering. Syftet med avhandlingen är att förstå på vilket sätt en så snabb förändring kunde ske och analysera de institutionella faktorerna bakom utvecklingen. På teoretisk nivå diskuteras tesen om det nära sambandet mellan statliga politiska institutioner och rundradioverksamhetens institutioner. Avhandlingen består av två fallstudier. Den första sätter fokus på de första åren av den finländska televisionens digitaliseringsprocess som startade med starka industriell-nationalistiska motiveringar. Analysen, som baserar på offentliga dokument, sträcker sig framtill hösten 2001 då de digitala televisionssändningarna startade och regeringspropositionen om den nya kommunikationsmarknadslagen lämnades till riksdagen. Dessa policy-processer analyseras som en ”marknadisering” av de traditionella styrningsprinciper och idéer gällande finländsk rundradioverksamheten. En jämförelse mellan Finlands och Kanadas nationella rundradiopolitik gör att man kan koppla slutsatserna till den internationella utvecklingen. Jämförelsen visar hur kommunikationspolitiska linjen i de två länderna har kommit att likna varandra trots att ländernas tv-system och deras styrordningar är mycket olika. Exemplet med Kanada visar att den särskilda teknologin inte är viktig utan snarare de kommersiella intressen som står bakom och som beslutsfattare gärna döljer i en nationalistisk retorik. Studien visar att det är viktigt att beakta vilken tyngd man i politiken ger de två sidor som rundradioverksamheten består av: sändningsteknologin och verksamheten som en speciell kulturform. Nationalstatens handlingsutrymme minskar inom fältet om målet är att vara framgångsrik i konkurrensen i den nya internationella ekonomin. Enligt de nyliberalistiska principer som det politiska systemet överlag har tillägnat sig det är önskvärd men också helt inhemska institutionella traditioner och praxis som följdes i den finländska digitaliseringsprocessen främjade utvecklingen som ledde till att nästan alla ursprungliga nationella syften föll sönder.

'All in one stroke': Grimms' fairy tales and the TV-production of a new Germany

The article looks at the most recent TV adaptations of the Grimms’ fairy tales by public broadcasting. Realized and marketed as a season which started in 2008,the thirty-four currently existing individual films constitute a significant national project that presents highly appealing notions of the German past to an audience divided over national conflict and demands of globalization. With children and adolescents at the centre, the films offer the young as a generation of moral superiority that facilitates social harmony and moral consensus. This post-unification utopia is beautifully realized on screen but rests on very conservative assumptions about gender, social driving forces, and political order.

Synchronizing Brazilian Sign Language (LIBRAS) on videos for Open Digital TV with educational purposes

The TV is a potential midia of communication that affects all social classes and it is available in 98% of Brazilian homes. It has been used as a distributor of educational materials since the 1950s. By 2016 the Open Digital TV (ODTV) in Brazil might cover the entire national territory, replacing the TV with analog signals. Concerns about accessibility for People with Special Needs (PSN) in that media have become more intense since the 1990s worldwide. In Brazil, it is estimated 24.6 million of PSN, 23% of them having some type of hearing loss. Of these, 2.9% are reported as deafs. Brazilian Sign Language (LIBRAS) is considered the first literacy language for deaf people in Brazil. In this context, this paper presents a proposal to facilitate the generation of educational content for ODTV based on two components. One is called SynchrLIBRAS and allows subtitles synchronization in Portuguese and a LIBRAS translator window of videos downloaded from the Web. The second component allows the visualization of this content through the Brazilian System of Digital TV and IPTV - environments that implement the middleware Ginga-NCL. The main focus of this paper is the presentation of the first component: SynchrLIBRAS. This proposal has educational purposes, contributing to teach LIBRAS to people who may collaborate with social inclusion of the deaf people.