A handbook of the Swahili language, as spoken at Zanzibar /

Mode of access: Internet.

Swahili exercises. Compiled for the Universities' mission to Central Africa,

Mode of access: Internet.

Comparative handbook of Congo languages; being a comparative grammar of the eight principal languages spoken along the banks of the Congo river from the west coast of Africa to Stanley Falls, a distance of 1300 miles, and of Swahili, the "lingua franca" of the country stretching thence to the east coast, with a comparative vocabulary giving 800 selected words from these languages, with their English equivalents, followed by appendices on six other dialects;

Mode of access: Internet.

Suahili Konversations-grammatik nebst einer Einführung in die Schrift und den Briefstil der Suahili,

On cover: Lehrbücher methode Gaspey-Otto-Sauer.

Die syntaktischen verhältnisse des Suaheli ...

Inaug.-diss.--Leipzig.

Language ideologies and Schooled Education in Rural Tanzania : The Case of Karagwe

In this article I argue that language policies for education have effects on pupils’ educational possibilities. With the case of Karagwe district in Tanzania I have found that the case of “Swahili only” in primary school education favours the small minority of the children that live in a context where Swahili is used. This leads to inequality in pupils’ chances in education and to a low level of achievement of academic content in schools. This also promote the developing and use of safety strategies among teachers and pupils that hide failure and prevent pupils’ learning.

Morphology-Pragmatics Interface The Case of the Tanzanian Commercials in Swahili Newspapers

This work articulates the relationship between the choice of the vocabularies, their morphophonological modifications and the anticipated meanings in the language of commercial advertisements in Tanzanian Swahili newspapers. An eclectic approach that makes use of the Textual Analysis Approach and Lexical Morphology Theory brings into light important facts. For instance, apart from the use of standard Swahili, there is a good deal of English loan words which either undergo Swahilization morphologically or keep the original forms. Also, the intended meanings are captured by the intended audiences by, among others, the age and level of education of the newspapers’ readers. The contribution herein is that there is a link between the designed morphology of the words and the interpretation captured, at least in the language of commercials.

Christina Higgins. 2009. English as a Local Language

Christina Higgins credibly presents the situation of English in East Africa as scrutinized from four areas, which she investigated in the field: the newspaper journalism, annual beauty pageants for young women, the hip hop music of the youth, and advertisements. For me, as a Tanzanian, it has been a pleasure to review a book that illuminatingly documents the language situation, the cultural conceptualization and the localization of English that is taking place in the multilingual society in Tanzania.

Experiences with an Object-Oriented, Multi-Stage Language

Metaphor is a multi-stage programming language extension to an imperative, object-oriented language in the style of C# or Java. This paper discusses some issues we faced when applying multi-stage language design concepts to an imperative base language and run-time environment. The issues range from dealing with pervasive references and open code to garbage collection and implementing cross-stage persistence.

The Coming of Post-reflexive Society: Commodification and Language in Digital Capitalism

Language is a unique aspect of human communication because it can be used to discuss itself in its own terms. For this reason, human societies potentially have superior capacities of co-ordination, reflexive self-correction, and innovation than other animal, physical or cybernetic systems. However, this analysis also reveals that language is interconnected with the economically and technologically mediated social sphere and hence is vulnerable to abstraction, objectification, reification, and therefore ideology – all of which are antithetical to its reflexive function, whilst paradoxically being a fundamental part of it. In particular, in capitalism, language is increasingly commodified within the social domains created and affected by ubiquitous communication technologies. The advent of the so-called ‘knowledge economy’ implicates exchangeable forms of thought (language) as the fundamental commodities of this emerging system. The historical point at which a ‘knowledge economy’ emerges, then, is the critical point at which thought itself becomes a commodified ‘thing’, and language becomes its “objective” means of exchange. However, the processes by which such commodification and objectification occurs obscures the unique social relations within which these language commodities are produced. The latest economic phase of capitalism – the knowledge economy – and the obfuscating trajectory which accompanies it, we argue, is destroying the reflexive capacity of language particularly through the process of commodification. This can be seen in that the language practices that have emerged in conjunction with digital technologies are increasingly non-reflexive and therefore less capable of self-critical, conscious change.