Caracterização de superfícies de titânio modificado por oxidação à plasma

Recent years have seen a significant growth in surface modifications in titanium implants, resulting in shorter healing times in regions with low bone density. Among the different techniques, subtraction by chemical agents to increase oxidation has been applied for surface treatment of dental implants. However, this technique is generally unable to remove undesirable oxides, formed spontaneously during machining of titanium parts, raising costs due to additional decontamination stages. In order to solve this problem, the present study used plasma as an energy source to both remove these oxides and oxidize the titanium surface. In this respect, Ti disks were treated by hollow cathode discharge, using a variable DC power supply and vacuum system. Samples were previously submitted to a cleaning process using an atmosphere of Ar, H2 and a mixture of both, for 20 and 60 min. The most efficient cleaning condition was used for oxidation in a mixture of argon (60%) and oxygen (40%) until reaching a pressure of 2.2 mbar for 60 min at 500°C. Surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), adhesion and cell proliferation. SEM showed less cell spreading and a larger number of projections orfilopodia in the treated samples compared to the control sample. AFM revealed surface defects in the treated samples, with varied geometry between peaks and valleys. Biological assays showed no significant difference in cell adhesion between treated surfaces and the control. With respect to cell proliferation, the treated surface exhibited improved performance when compared to the control sample. We concluded that the process was efficient in removing primary oxides as well as in oxidizing titanium surfaces

Análise do potencial genotóxico da superfície de titânio modificada por plasma

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Influência da superfície do titânio nitretado a plasma em diferentes atmosferas na ativação de plaquetas sanguíneas

This study aimed to analyze the biological response of titanium surfaces modified by plasma Ar + N2 + H2. Titanium disks grade II received different surface treatments Ar + N2 + H2 plasma, constituting seven groups including only polished samples used as standard. Before and after treatment the samples were evaluated in terms of topography, crystal structure and wettability, using atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and testing of the sessile drop, respectively. Rich plasma (PRP) was applied to the surfaces modified in culture plates. Images obtained by scanning electron microscopy of the adhered platelets were analyzed to verify the behavior of platelets in the different experimental conditions. We verified that the adition of H2 on plasma atmosphere resulted in more rough surfaces, with round tops. These surfaces, in contrast to that surfaces treated with high concentration of N2, are less propense to platelet aggregation and, consequently, to the formation of thrombus when applied in biomedical devices.

Influência de uma superfície modificada por fluoretos na osseointegração de implantes dentais em ratos diabéticos

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR

Modificação de superfície empregando-se laser e recobrimento de implantes dentários de titânio com apatitas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Tratamento termoquímico do titânio auxiliado por plasma de ar - N2 - O2

Discs were grade II cp Ti oxynitride by plasma of Ar - N2 - O2 using different proportions of individual gases. These ratios were established from analysis of optical emission spectroscopy (OES) of plasma species. The proportions that resulted in species whose spectra showed an abrupt change of light intensity were chosen for this study. Nanohardness tests revealed that there was a correlation between the intensity of N2 + species with the hardness, because the treatments where they had a higher intensity, obtained a higher value nanohardness, although the crystalline phases have remained unchanged. With respect to topography, it was observed that in general, the surface roughness is related to the intensities of plasma species, because they may have different values depending on the behavior of the species. Images obtained by optical microscopy revealed a surface with grains of different colors to optical reflectance showed a peak of reflection in the red area. Measures the contact angle and surface tension showed hydrophilic properties and hydrophilic with little variation of polar and dispersive components of surface tension

Reação tecidual à superfície de titânio tratada pela irradiação laser e hidroxiapatita: análise histomorfométrica em ratos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Análise da superfície de titânio sob ação do laser com e sem deposição de hidroxiapatita

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Processo de reparo ósseo diante de três tipos de superfície de titânio: análise histomorfométrica e por microscopia eletrônica de varredura associada ao EDS: estudo experimental

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Modificação de superfícies de titânio tratadas por plasma de Ar + N2 + O2 visando aplicações biomédicas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Tratamento termoquímico do titânio auxiliado por plasma de ar - N2 - O2

Discs were grade II cp Ti oxynitride by plasma of Ar - N2 - O2 using different proportions of individual gases. These ratios were established from analysis of optical emission spectroscopy (OES) of plasma species. The proportions that resulted in species whose spectra showed an abrupt change of light intensity were chosen for this study. Nanohardness tests revealed that there was a correlation between the intensity of N2 + species with the hardness, because the treatments where they had a higher intensity, obtained a higher value nanohardness, although the crystalline phases have remained unchanged. With respect to topography, it was observed that in general, the surface roughness is related to the intensities of plasma species, because they may have different values depending on the behavior of the species. Images obtained by optical microscopy revealed a surface with grains of different colors to optical reflectance showed a peak of reflection in the red area. Measures the contact angle and surface tension showed hydrophilic properties and hydrophilic with little variation of polar and dispersive components of surface tension

Análise por difração de raios-x da interface plasma-superfície durante a nitretação a plasma

O presente trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um equipamento utilizado para acompanhamento e monitoramento do processo de nitretação a plasma enquanto ele ocorre, ou seja, de forma in-situ. Os resultados obtidos com a utilização deste equipamento são demonstrados e confirmam a potencialidade da técnica na caracterização de mecanismos de nitretação a plasma. Ensaios de adaptação à técnica foram realizados, visando adquirir experiência no reconhecimento e detecção de fases formadas durante o processo e de possibilidades de caracterização proporcionadas pela técnica. Desta forma a influência de três composições gasosas na formação de camadas nitretadas em aço médio carbono AISI 1045 foi avaliada de forma in-situ por difração de raios-X e post-mortem por metalografia, GDOS e microdureza Vickers. A composição gasosa de 76% N2 – 24% H2 mostrou alto poder de nitretação, e formou camadas de compostos espessas e zonas de difusão profundas, com aumentos consideráveis de dureza. A composição gasosa de 5% N2 – 95% H2, formou camadas de compostos pequenas e zonas de difusão profundas, além de aumentos de dureza superficial. Em uma segunda avaliação, amostras de aço AISI 1045, foram nitretadas em duas composições gasosas: 5% N2 – 95% H2 e 25% N2 – 75% H2, nas temperaturas de 450ºC, 480ºC, 520ºC, 540ºC e 560ºC. Com o acompanhamento in-situ por difração de raios-X de trechos específicos de 2Θ correspondentes às linhas de difração das fases γ’ e ε, foi possível obter o tempo de incubação da fase γ’ para cada combinação composição gasosa - temperatura, que foram comparados com dados já existentes para nitretação a gás. Também foi possível o acompanhamento do crescimento, desenvolvimento e de mudanças na largura das linhas destas fases O tempo de incubação da fase γ’ permitiu a comparação entre os resultados das nitretações a plasma e os resultados previstos por um diagrama de Lehrer, e uma boa correlação entre as fases previstas pelo diagrama e as encontradas na prática foi encontrada. As amostras foram avaliadas ainda por difração de raios-X em ângulos rasantes, que permitiu a caracterização das camadas mais superficiais das amostras e, com base nestes resultados e nos resultados das análises in-situ, obteve-se um mapa prático de previsão de fases para a nitretação a plasma.

Processamento e análise de imagens na caracterização da superfície do titânio submetido a um ensaio de cultura de células

This work aims to develop a methodology for analysis of images using overlapping, which assists in identification of microstructural features in areas of titanium, which may be associated with its biological response. That way, surfaces of titanium heat treated for 08 (eight) different ways have been subjected to a test culture of cells. It was a relationship between the grain, texture and shape of grains of surface of titanium (attacked) trying to relate to the process of proliferation and adhesion. We used an open source software for cell counting adhered to the surface of titanium. The juxtaposition of images before and after cell culture was obtained with the aid of micro-hardness of impressions made on the surface of samples. From this image where there is overlap, it is possible to study a possible relationship between cell growth with microstructural characteristics of the surface of titanium. This methodology was efficient to describe a set of procedures that are useful in the analysis of surfaces of titanium subjected to a culture of cells

Propriedades tribomecânicas de superfícies de titânio carbonitretadas por plasma

Interstitial compounds of titanium have been mainly studied due to the large range of properties acquired when C, N, O and H atoms are added. In this work, surfaces of TiCxNy were produced by thermochemical treatments assisted by plasma with different proportions of Ar + N2 + CH4 gas mixture. The Ar gas flow was fixed in 4 sccm, varying only N2 and CH4 gas flows. During the thermochemical treatment, the plasma was monitored by Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) for the investigation of the influence of active species. After treatments, C and N concentration profile, crystalline and amorphous phases were analyzed by Nuclear Reaction (NRA). Besides tribomechanical properties of the Ti surface were studied through the nanohardness measurements and friction coefficient determination. The worn areas were evaluated by profilometry and Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) in order to verify the wear mechanism present in each material. It has been seen which the properties like nanohardness and friction coefficient have strong relation with luminous intensity of species of the plasma, suggesting a using of this characteristic as a parameter of process

Avaliação da formação do biofilme de Candida albicans sobre superfície de titânio revestida com hidroxiapatita por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura

In this study Candida albicans biofilm formation on the surface of commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) coated with hydroxyapatite was observed by means of scanning electron microscope. The biofilm was formed after 45 days of incubation of the samples in liquid culture medium inoculated with fungus cells in a tube of polystyrene with screw cap and sterilized. After the biofilm removal with 10% EDTA solution was observed pitting on the surface of cp-Ti coated.