Tradução, Adaptação e Validação para o Português da Escala de Sunderland e da Escala Revista de Cubbin & Jackson

Objetivo: Traduzir para o português e avaliar as propriedades de medidas da Escala de Sunderland e da Escala Revista de Cubbin & Jackson, instrumentos cuja finalidade é avaliar o risco de desenvolvimento de úlceras por pressão em terapia intensiva. Métodos: O estudo compreendeu os processos de tradução e de adaptação das escalas à língua portuguesa, bem como o processo de validação dos instrumentos em estudo. A amostra foi constituída por 90 pacientes internados na unidade de terapia intensiva. Na avaliação da fiabilidade, foram identificados valores de alfa de Cronbach de 0,702 e de 0,708 para a Escala de Sunderland e a Escala Revista de Cubbin & Jackson, respectivamente. A validação de critério (preditiva) foi realizada comparativamente com a Escala de Braden (padrão-ouro), sendo as principais medidas avaliadas a sensibilidade, a especificidade, o valor preditivo positivo, o valor preditivo negativo e a área sob uma curva,que foram calculadas com base nos pontos de corte definidos pelos autores. Resultados: A Escala de Sunderland obteve 60% de sensibilidade, 86,7% de especificidade, 47,4% de valor preditivo positivo, 91,5% de valor preditivo negativo e 0,86 para a área sob uma curva. A Escala Revista de Cubbin & Jackson obteve 73,3% de sensibilidade, 86,7% de especificidade, 52,4% de valor preditivo positivo, 94,2% de valor preditivo negativo e 0,91 para a área sob uma curva. A Escala de Braden obteve 100% de sensibilidade, 5,3% de especificidade, 17,4% de valor preditivo positivo, 100% de valor preditivo negativo e 0,72 para a área sob uma curva. Conclusão: Ambos os instrumentos demonstram possuir fiabilidade e validade para a utilização. Nessa amostra, a Escala Revista de Cubbin & Jackson obteve melhores valores preditivos para desenvolvimento de úlceras por pressão em terapia intensiva.

Some account of Edward Browne, of Sunderland.

Signed: T.R.

A historical and descriptive view of the Parishes of Monkwearmouth and Bishopwearmouth and the port and Borough of Sunderland.

Includes also engraved t.-p.

The North-east ports and Bristol Channel: being sketches of the towns, docks, ports, and industries of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Sunderland, the Hartlepools, Middlesbro', Bristol, Cardiff, Newport, and Swansea;

Mode of access: Internet.

Sacharissa; some account of Dorothy Sidney, countess of Sunderland, her family and friends, 1617-1684,

Portions of the work appeared originally in Macmillan's magazine as "Sunderland and Sacharissa," "Sacharissa's letters," and "The Savile papers."

The accuracy of the Clock Drawing Test compared to that of standard screening tests for Alzheimer`s disease: results from a study of Brazilian elderly with heterogeneous educational backgrounds

Background: Although the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) is the second most used test in the world for the screening of dementia, there is still debate over its sensitivity specificity, application and interpretation in dementia diagnosis. This study has three main aims: to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the CDT in a sample composed of older adults with Alzheimer`s disease (AD) and normal controls; to compare CDT accuracy to the that of the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG), and to test whether the association of the MMSE with the CDT leads to higher or comparable accuracy as that reported for the CAMCOG. Methods: Cross-sectional assessment was carried out for 121 AD and 99 elderly controls with heterogeneous educational levels from a geriatric outpatient clinic who completed the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorder of the Elderly (CAMDEX). The CDT was evaluated according to the Shulman, Mendez and Sunderland scales. Results: The CDT showed high sensitivity and specificity. There were significant correlations between the CDT and the MMSE (0.700-0.730; p < 0.001) and between the CDT and the CAMCOG (0.753-0.779; p < 0.001). The combination of the CDT with the MMSE improved sensitivity and specificity (SE = 89.2-90%; SP = 71.7-79.8%). Subgroup analysis indicated that for elderly people with lower education, sensitivity and specificity were both adequate and high. Conclusions: The CDT is a robust screening test when compared with the MMSE or the CAMCOG, independent of the scale used for its interpretation. The combination with the MMSE improves its performance significantly, becoming equivalent to the CAMCOG.

Gender, sex and sexuality in two open access communication journals published in Portugal: a critical overview of current discursive practices

The links between gender, sex and sexuality and their relevance are theoretically and politically problematic (Richardson, 2007). One of the difficulties in understanding their interconnections is that these terms are often used differently and ambiguously by different authors (and even by the same authors). This article reports the results of an analysis of the articles published in open access communication journals with known impact factor, edited in Portugal and published between 2005 and 2012. The diverse conceptualisations of those three basic concepts and of their (inter)relationships within communication research are identified. The complexity and the intricate (and often implicit) nature of both the meanings of these categories and their relationships underlie and justify our attention and further research. What the findings suggest about the current communication research into gender issues published in the two journals surveyed is that the ‘Gender differences discourse’ (Sunderland, 2004) is the most pervasive discourse (also) in academic practice. Additionally, they show that gender and sex are mainly taken for a fact, not a question that is worth being studied. The editors of these journals, as well as the scholars submitting manuscripts, need to be more aware of the traditional nature of the theoretical and methodological choices that they make regarding gender- and sex-related issues, as well as of the relative lack of attention to sexuality as a research subject.

B Young N B Fit lets get physical

The aims of this intervention are to inform the work and strategic direction of BActiveNBFit CIC, and to influence the strategic development and commissioning of key partners such as NHS South of Tyne and Wear PCT and City of Sunderland council. Through identifying:Examples of best practice,Undertaking a pilot study,Confirming needs, priorities and opportunities,Mapping and reviewing effectiveness of current service provision, Providing service options andundertaking options appraisal Objectives: - To target schools using data from National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP), and indices of multiple deprivation from the Office of National StatisticsTo identify the physical fitness ability of the children in order to tailor a structured exercise programme effectively. - To implement a structured childrens exercise programme to improve coordination and motor skills. - To educate the children to understand how the body works so that theory could be married to practice. - To focus on the improvement of muscular fitness and cardio vascular work through a variety of games and exercises. - To implement monitoring and evaluation as outlined within the NOO Standard Evaluation Framework.