Creative militancy, militant creativity and the new student movement

The practical significance of critical theory, and student action leading to the hope of a new education, and a new politics.

Cracking capitalist realism: the new student movement and its post-capitalist politics

There is much talk of =the crisis‘ in higher education, often expressed in fatalistic narratives about the (im)possibility of critical resistance or alternatives to the deepening domination of neoliberal rationality and capitalist power throughout social life. But how precisely are we to make sense of this situation? In what ways is it experienced? And what knowledges and practices may help us to respond? These questions form the basis for a series of explorations of the history and character of this crisis, the particular historical conjuncture that we occupy today, and the different types of theoretical analysis and political response it seems to be engendering. Our talk will explore the tensions between readings of the situation as a paralyzing experience of domination, loss and impossibility, on the one hand, and radical transformation and the opening of future possibilities, on the other. We will finally consider what implications new forms of political theory being created in the new student movements have for reconceptualising praxis in higher education today, and perhaps for a wider imagination of post-capitalist politics.

Resistance Performances: (Re)constructing Spaces of Resistance and Contention in the 2010-2011 University of Puerto Rico Student Movement

On the night of April 20, 2010, a group of students from the University of Puerto Rico (UPR), Río Piedras campus, met to organize an indefinite strike that quickly broadened into a defense of accessible public higher education of excellence as a fundamental right and not a privilege. Although the history of student activism in the UPR can be traced back to the early 1900s, the 2010-2011 strike will be remembered for the student activists’ use of new media technologies as resources that rapidly prompted and aided the numerous protests. This activist research entailed a critical ethnography and a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of traditional and alternative media coverage and treatment during the 2010 -2011 UPR student strike. I examined the use of the 2010-2011 UPR student activists’ resistance performances in constructing local, corporeal, and virtual spaces of resistance and contention during their movement. In particular, I analyzed the different tactics and strategies of resistance or repertoire of collective actions that student activists used (e.g. new media technologies) to frame their collective identities via alternative news media’s (re)presentation of the strike, while juxtaposing the university administration’s counter-resistance performances in counter-framing the student activists’ collective identity via traditional news media representations of the strike. I illustrated how both traditional and alternative media (re)presentations of student activism developed, maintained, and/or modified students activists’ collective identities. As such, the UPR student activism’s success should not be measured by the sum of demands granted, but by the sense of community achieved and the establishment of networks that continue to create resistance and change. These networks add to the debate surrounding Internet activism and its impact on student activism. Ultimately, the results of this study highlight the important role student movements have had in challenging different types of government policies and raising awareness of the importance of an accessible public higher education of excellence.

The 2011 student movement on the Chilean press: What Pluralism in the digital press?

This article presents results of two research projects that explored the coverage of the Student Movement 2011 carried out by two chains of newspaper of Chile: El Mercurio S.A.P and Diarios Mi Voz, in three regions of the country. These press chains correspond to paper and digital press, respectively. In this research, we analyze information and photographs allowed to establish changes in journalistic practices as well as similarities in the ways of representing the student movement.

Resistance performances: (Re)constructing spaces of resistance and contention in the 2010-2011 University of Puerto Rico student movement

On the night of April 20, 2010, a group of students from the University of Puerto Rico (UPR), Río Piedras campus, met to organize an indefinite strike that quickly broadened into a defense of accessible public higher education of excellence as a fundamental right and not a privilege. Although the history of student activism in the UPR can be traced back to the early 1900s, the 2010-2011 strike will be remembered for the student activists’ use of new media technologies as resources that rapidly prompted and aided the numerous protests. ^ This activist research entailed a critical ethnography and a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of traditional and alternative media coverage and treatment during the 2010 -2011 UPR student strike. I examined the use of the 2010-2011 UPR student activists’ resistance performances in constructing local, corporeal, and virtual spaces of resistance and contention during their movement. In particular, I analyzed the different tactics and strategies of resistance or repertoire of collective actions that student activists used (e.g. new media technologies) to frame their collective identities via alternative news media’s (re)presentation of the strike, while juxtaposing the university administration’s counter-resistance performances in counter-framing the student activists’ collective identity via traditional news media representations of the strike. I illustrated how both traditional and alternative media (re)presentations of student activism developed, maintained, and/or modified students activists’ collective identities. ^ As such, the UPR student activism’s success should not be measured by the sum of demands granted, but by the sense of community achieved and the establishment of networks that continue to create resistance and change. These networks add to the debate surrounding Internet activism and its impact on student activism. Ultimately, the results of this study highlight the important role student movements have had in challenging different types of government policies and raising awareness of the importance of an accessible public higher education of excellence.^

Catholic student movements in Latin America: Cuba and Brazil, 1920s to 1960s

This dissertation examines the ideological development of the Catholic University Student (JUC) movements in Cuba and Brazil during the Cold War and their organizational predecessors and intellectual influences in interwar Europe. Transnational Catholicism prioritized the attempt to influence youth and in particular, university students, within the context of Catholic nations within Atlantic civilization in the middle of the twentieth century. This dissertation argues that the Catholic university movements achieved a relatively high level of social and political influence in a number of countries in Latin America and that the experience of the Catholic student activists led them to experience ideological conflict and in some cases, rupture, with the conservative ideology of the Catholic hierarchy. Catholic student movements flourished after World War II in the context of an emerging youth culture. The proliferation of student organizations became part of the ideological battlefield of the Cold War. Catholic university students also played key roles in the Cuban Revolution (1957-1959) and in the attempted political and social reforms in Brazil under President João Goulart (1961-1964). ^ The JUC, under the guidance of the Church hierarchy, attempted to avoid aligning itself with either ideological camp in the Cold War, but rather to chart a Third Way between materialistic capitalism and atheistic socialism. Thousands of students in over 70 nations were intensively trained to think critically about pressing social issues. This paper will to place the Catholic Student movement in Cuba in the larger context of transnational Catholic university movements using archival evidence, newspaper accounts and secondary sources. Despite the hierarchy's attempt to utilize students as a tool of influence, the actual lived experience of students equipped them to think critically about social issues, and helped lay a foundation for the progressive student politics of the late 1960s and the rise of liberation theology in the 1970s. ^

La historia carnavalesca del 68 en Palinuro de México de Fernando del Paso

Résumé Ce travail cherche à révéler les stratégies utilisées dans Palinuro de México (1977) de Fernando del Paso pour représenter l’histoire du mouvement étudiant de 1968, qui se termina par le massacre de Tlatelolco. Afin de protéger son image, le gouvernement censura cet événement, qui compte parmi les plus marquants de l’histoire contemporaine du Mexique. Nous situons Palinuro de México dans un corpus littéraire qui résiste au silence imposé par les autorités avec la création d’une poétique capable de raconter l’histoire et de dénoncer la censure. Notre hypothèse s’appuie sur les réflexions de Paul Veyne et Jacques Rancière, qui démontrent que l’écriture de l’histoire ne possède pas de méthode scientifique, mais procède plutôt d’une construction littéraire. Cela nous permet d’affirmer que l’histoire, puisqu’elle relève de la littérature, peut aussi être racontée dans un roman. La théorie de la littérature carnavalesque de Mijail Bajtin, qui se caractérise par le rire, la liberté d’expression et l’opposition aux règles officielles, nous sert à identifier les procédés utilisés dans Palinuro de México pour créer une mémoire de Tlatelolco. Ce style rappelle la vitalité du mouvement étudiant, en soulignant la joyeuse subversion des valeurs. De plus, son caractère polyphonique permet d’inclure une pièce de théâtre dans un roman et de confronter les différentes idéologies qui s’opposaient durant le conflit.

Génesis de la Revolución de los Pingüinos y su incidencia en la reforma educativa en Chile

La presente monografía hace un análisis del movimiento estudiantil denominado Revolución de los Pingüinos y su incidencia en la reforma educativa en Chile. Éste trabajo pretende mostrar cómo a partir de la teoría de la acción política No violenta de Gene Sharp y la Estructura de Oportunidades Políticas de Sydney Tarrow, dicho movimiento logra generar un ambiente favorable para la inclusión de una educación de calidad en la agenda de Gobierno de Michelle Bachelet.

Juventude universitária nos anos 1980: as práticas culturais do movimento estudantil na UFRN

The 1980s, at UFRN represented a moment of resumption of student struggles. The major goals of the student movement in this period was the fight against the authoritarian regime and for the democracy within and outside the university. In this context, events, activities, artistic and cultural productions were organized in order to make a critical policy for the procedure, trying to establish a dialogue between the university community and the population. Our work has made a research on cultural practices of the student movement in the 1980s. We did an analysis on the process of democratic transition in Brazil, the political participation of youth, their cultural practices in the country, society and politics in the RN, the student movement at UFRN and its cultural practices. We also discussed the concept of culture and cultural practices, but also pointed each of the the main activities and cultural productions organized by students of UFRN in that period. As methodological resource, were used the oral sources, the academic literature on the subject and newspaper pieces, newsletters and advertisement material of the students

Movimento estudantil e serviço social no capitalismo contemporâneo: tendências e particularidades

This dissertation aims to analyze the social direction in which the Student Movement in Social Work in Brazil (ENESSO) has gone through. This is done considering how the functioning of the National Executive, the Brazilian Social Work Student union has operated. The research analyzed their political position regarding the university as well as professional education in the period of 2003 to 2008. The study s theoretical and methodological object was obtained according to its structural, juncture, and time determinants. All of the mentioned elements considered the contemporary capital crisis and its implications towards the State and Society emphasizing specifically the changes that occurred in the University regarding professional education. For the purpose of data collection and production, a documental and field research was realized. Thus, interviews were done considering one manager of each management period of the ENESSO group in the time span of 2003 to 2008. Some subjects that represented the Brazilian Social Work Teaching and Research Association (ABEPSS) as well as were also interviewed. These subjects have had a relevant role in partnership with these entities and represented students in the contemporary scene. Results suggest that ENESSO has developed work that defends a project of a public, free and laic quality university. This entity also defends a project that considers the 1996 Curricular Guidelines. Currently, there is internal dispute in the social direction of the MESS, this is seen amongst political groups that diverge in opinions related to the analysis done by the Lula government regarding the political role that the National Student Union-UNE has taken in the counter-reform of higher education. This current juncture is seen as extremely individualist and it results as in unfavorable for the collective organization of the working class, especially regarding student movement. MESS has been going through a moment of profound instability and this dimension is being expressed by the absence of national coordinator for the 2008/2009 management period at ENESSO. Even though there are difficulties, it is possible to point out partnership of the entities that represent the national Social Work in Brazil. These partnerships are all related to a struggle and search for the development of a professional project that leads towards the sociability awareness that goes beyond capital.

1968-2008: O Veja Way of Life

O artigo aborda, segundo a nossa hipótese, o Jornalismo espetacular, marcado pelo entretenimento, utilizado pela revista Veja para noticiar os episódios do movimento estudantil - principal movimento engajado na luta da ditadura - já em 1968. Foram feitos pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo comparativo da abordagem de edições de 1998 e de 2008. Durante as comemorações deste ano ímpar, a nossa conclusão é a de que Veja agrega, cada vez mais, elementos sensacionalistas com o intuito de denegrir a imagem do movimento estudantil, corroborando, assim, com a indústria cultural e a sociedade do espetáculo que visam a produzir uma juventude democrática, ou seja, que almeja o sucesso econômico por meio do direito de consumir e da manutenção do sistema político vigente.

A atuação das tendências políticas no movimento estudantil da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) no contexto da ditadura militar dos anos 70

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

História e guerrilha: entre a tradição rural e a prática urbana. O Brasil das décadas de 60 e 70 do século XX

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Os caminhos, as pessoas, as idéias: a trajetória política de Gildo Macedo Lacerda, sua rede de sociabilidades e sua geração

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS