The impact of the post-1993 economic reforms on Chinese state-owned enterprises:evidence from the electronics industry

Since 1979, China has embarked on a series of economic reform programmes, leading its socialist economy away from a Soviet planning model towards a much greater reliance on the market. In the course of the last twenty years, the Chinese economy has enjoyed a phenomenally high economic growth rate. However, earlier research suggests that Chinese state-owned enterprises remain a financial 'black hole' for the Chinese economy, in spite of various enterprise reform measures. This thesis tries to assess the impact of the reforms after 1993, especially the so-called Modern Enterprise System, on the behaviour and management practices of state firms. The central research question is whether the new rounds of economic reform have changed state firms into commercial entities operating according to market signals, as intended. In order to explore this question, an institutional approach is employed. More specifically, the thesis examines how the behaviour and management practices of state enterprises have changed with changes in the institutional environmental resulting from the introduction of new reform measures and especially the MES. The main evidence used in this research comes from the Chinese electronics industry (CEI). Non-state firms, namely collectives and joint ventures, are involved in the study to provide a benchmark against which changes in the behaviour of state firms in the mid and late 1990s are compared. A comparative statistical analysis shows that state-owned firms, both traditional and corporatised ones, still lag behind collectives and joint ventures in terms of both labour and total factor productivity. The further empirical work of this research consists of a questionnaire survey and case studies that are based on interviews with senior managers of 17 firms in the CEI. The findings of these analyses suggest that there has been little fundamental change in the behaviour pattern of state firms in the 1990s, despite the introduction of the Modern Enterprise System, and that the economic reforms after 1993 so far seem to have failed to transform the state firms into commercial entities operating according to market signals.

The developmental state in Brazil: comparative and historical perspectives

The record of successful developmental states in East Asia and the partial successes of developmental states in Latin America suggest several common preconditions for effective state intervention including a Weberian bureaucracy, monitoring of implementation, reciprocity (subsidies in exchange for performance), and collaborative relations between government and business. Although Brazil failed to develop the high technology manufacturing industry and exports that have fueled sustained growth in East Asia, its developmental state had a number of important, and often neglected, successes, especially in steel, automobiles, mining, ethanol, and aircraft manufacturing. Where Brazil's developmental state was less successful was in promoting sectors like information technology and nuclear energy, as well as overall social and regional equality. In addition, some isolated initiatives by state governments were also effective in promoting particular local segments of industry and agriculture. Comparisons with East Asia, highlight the central role of state enterprises in Brazil that in effect internalized monitoring and reciprocity and bypassed collaboration between business and government (that was overall rarer in Brazil).

Diagnóstico Energético e Modelação Energética de uma Piscina Municipal

Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica – Ramo Energia

Just how capitalist is China?

In this paper, we review old and modern conceptions of "capitalism" and then we evaluate how "well" China fares on three touchstones of capitalism: competitive markets, generalization of wage-labour, and private ownership of the means of production. While we accept that China has come a long way under the first two criteria since the 1980s, we do not deem China yet to be a full-fledged capitalist economy for the State still wields great power through the allocation of massive state resources and control of large and highly profitable state enterprises, which dominate key sectors of the economy.

The Brazilian 1994 stabilization plan: an analytical view

The Real Plan has succeeded in stabilizing the Brazilian inflation. The consumer price inflation has been reduced from 11260 percent per year, in June 1994, to an estimate of 8 percent in 1997. The lower inflation resulted in a remarkable income distribution, and in an increased private consumption. The plan managed to control the inflationary effects of the increased demand with some traditional measures: A more liberalized economy, a moving (and overvalued) exchange rate band, high interest rate differentials, and a tight domestic credit policy. The government has, so far failed to accomplish the fiscal adjustment. The price stabilization has largely depended on the current account deficit. However, macroeconomic indicators do not present reasons for concern about the current account sustainability, in the medium-run. The economy may be trapped in a low-growth vicious cycle, represented by a stop-and-go trend, due to the two-way endogencity between domestic saving and growth. Economic growth depends on policies in increase the public sector saving, to secure the privatization of the State enterprises, and to promote investments. The major problem for the government action is, as always, in the political sphere. Approximately 80 percent of the Central Government net revenue are allocated to the social sectors. Consequently, the fiscal reform will hue to deal with the problem of re-designing the public sector’s intervention in the social area. Most probably, it will be inevitable to cut the social area budget. This is politically unpleasant.

Características dos serviços de auditoria interna em empresas estatais: o caso das empresas do estado do Ceará

o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar, através de um estudo exploratório, o funcionamento dos serviços de Auditoria Interna e conhecer as práticas atualmente empre gadas em três empresas estatais do Estado do Ceará, à luz de urna comparaçao com os fundamentos teóricos sobre Interna. Auditoria "Na revisão da literatura apresenta-se a perspectiva histórica, evidenciando o surgimento e desenvolvime~ to da Auditoria Interna, destacando-se principalmente os aspectos mais relevant"es. A seguir, são apresentadas consideraçoes gerais sobre Auditoria Interna em empresas estatais. A partir dessa revisão foi possível desenvolver um plano de referência para ser utilizado nesta pesquisa. A metodologia adotada neste trabalho foi o es tudo de caso, e as razoes de seu emprego são justificadas além das limitações desse tipo de estudo exploratório. , Entrevistas, utilizando questionários, compos tos em sua maioria de questões abertas, permitiram urna descrição dos serviços de Auditoria Interna desenvolvidos pelas empresas estatais estaduais, bem corno as informações obtidas no Departamento de Auditoria Geral do Estado, além da Comissão de Auditoria Administrativa do Estado do Ceará.Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram uma análise sobre as características dos serviços de Auditoria Interna projetados pelas empresas estatais estaduais, bem como sobre o funcionamento desses serviços e as práticas desenvol vidas pelas empresas pesquisadas. Finalmente, comparando-se os resultados da pesquisa de campo com a literatura existente, pode-se chegar a algumas conclusões importantes, como também formular recomendações para o Governo Estadual e para as empresas pesquisadas, além de algumas sugestões para pesquisas futuras.

Brazilian privatization : a decade of experience

In this paper we review the ten-year-old Brazilian experience with privatization. We start by describing the expansion in the last half century of the role played by state enterprises, and then the privatization effort in the Figueiredo and Sarney administrations. After that, we examine what haa changed with Collor and what the prospects for his privatization program are.

A estrategia de desenvolvimento no II PND: a estrategia industrial.

The objective of the second national development plan was to define industrial expansion in Brazil. The capital goods industry had to be aligned with large infrastructure projects. Also public sector national enterprise was a key element. A newly created financial base 'FIBASE', the national development bank, and state enterprises are principal agents of change in the industrial model. However, the II PND has not succeeded in changing the model because from the beginning it has not considered the realities of the Brazilian economy.-translated by J.Robertson

Trade in services in Latin America and the Caribbean: an analysis of recent trends

Includes bibliography

Structural changes and productivity in Latin American industry, 1970-1996

Includes bibliography

The impact of privatisation on the banking sector in the Caribbean

Includes bibliography

Sociedade de economia mista: possibilidade de recuperação judicial

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

O direito à natureza na cidade: ideologias e práticas na história

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O processo de envelhecimento e a transição demográfica na cidade de Rio Claro - SP

The proposed work aims to analyze the due process of demographic transition and pronounced population aging present in the city of Rio Claro-SP and the implications that such situation entails the locality. Given that the city is at an advanced point of this phenomenon is noticed a large contingent of people aged over 65 years living on site, so they depend on actions in order to live with dignity. Therefore, the project has the aim of investigating the evolution of population, mainly focusing on the plot elderly, verifying the importance of state enterprises that were present in the town in the lives of citizens, for example, FEPASA and Cesp