Produção familiar e as estratégias de reprodução social no espaço rural do município de Indiana (SP)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Territory and the governmentalisation of social reproduction: parliamentary enclosure and spatial rationalities in the transition from feudalism to capitalism

Recent applications of Foucauldian categories in geography, spatial history and the history of town planning have opened up interesting new perspectives, with respect to both the evolution of spatial knowledge and the genealogy of territorial techniques and their relation to larger socio-political projects, that would be enriched if combined with other discursive traditions. This article proposes to conceptualise English parliamentary enclosureea favourite episode for Marxist historiography, frequently read in a strictly materialist fashioneas a precedent of a new form of sociospatial governmentality, a political technology that inaugurates a strategic manipulation of territory for social change on the threshold between feudal and capitalist spatial rationalities. I analyse the sociospatial dimensions of parliamentary enclosure’s technical and legal innovations and compare them to the forms of communal self-regulation of land use customs and everyday regionalisations that preceded it. Through a systematic, replicable mechanism of reterritorialisation, enclosure acts normalised spatial regulations, blurred regional differences in the social organisation of agriculture and erased the modes of autonomous social reproduction linked to common land. Their exercise of dispossession of material resources, social capital and community representations is interpreted therefore as an inaugural logic that would pervade the emergent spatial rationality later known as planning.

Territory and the governmentalisation of social reproduction: parliamentary enclosure and spatial rationalities in the transition from feudalism to capitalism

Recent applications of Foucauldian categories in geography, spatial history and the history of town planning have opened up interesting new perspectives, with respect to both the evolution of spatial knowledge and the genealogy of territorial techniques and their relation to larger socio-political projects, that would be enriched if combined with other discursive traditions. This article proposes to conceptualise English parliamentary enclosureea favourite episode for Marxist historiography, frequently read in a strictly materialist fashioneas a precedent of a new form of sociospatial governmentality, a political technology that inaugurates a strategic manipulation of territory for social change on the threshold between feudal and capitalist spatial rationalities. I analyse the sociospatial dimensions of parliamentary enclosure’s technical and legal innovations and compare them to the forms of communal self-regulation of land use customs and everyday regionalisations that preceded it. Through a systematic, replicable mechanism of reterritorialisation, enclosure acts normalised spatial regulations, blurred regional differences in the social organisation of agriculture and erased the modes of autonomous social reproduction linked to common land. Their exercise of dispossession of material resources, social capital and community representations is interpreted therefore as an inaugural logic that would pervade the emergent spatial rationality later known as planning.

The social development strategy of the Shiites in Lebanon

This study examines what many scholars have neglected to investigate when addressing post Civil War issues in Lebanon. Most studies have addressed political issues surrounding activities of Shiite movements, such as Harakat Amal or Hizb Allah, while socioeconomic issues have been neglected.^ Imam Musa Sadr challenged the power of traditional Shiite leaders by creating official Shiites institutions and movements like Amal. The Iranian Revolution and the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982 sparked the creation of Hizb Allah which, not only struggled against its foes, but also provided social services to the Shiites. This development program has been central in creating political legitimacy for Hizb Allah, regardless of its military situation, which suggests that socioeconomic development can transform a militia into a legitimate actor on the Lebanese political scene. The survivability of Shiite parties is therefore tantamount to not only their military might, but also to their social involvement. ^

The social development strategy of the shiites in Lebanon

This study examines what many scholars have neglected to investigate when addressing post Civil War issues in Lebanon. Most studies have addressed political issues surrounding activities of Shiite movements, such as Harakat Amal or Hizb Allah, while socioeconomic issues have been neglected. Imam Musa Sadr challenged the power of traditional Shiite leaders by creating official Shiites institutions and movements like Amal. The Iranian Revolution and the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982 sparked the creation of Hizb Allah which, not only struggled against its foes, but also provided social services to the Shiites. This development program has been central in creating political legitimacy for Hizb Allah, regardless of its military situation, which suggests that socioeconomic development can transform a militia into a legitimate actor on the Lebanese political scene. The survivability of Shiite parties is therefore tantamount to not only their military might, but also to their social involvement.

A Social Networking Strategy for Improving Knowledge Management and Communication in the Travel Industry

In today’s technology-driven marketplace, the adoption and management of corporate and customer-facing Social Networking Sites (SNs) is often viewed as a key success factor for Travel Industry (TI) organisations. Knowledge management and the sharing of expertise and experiences through communication between internal and external stakeholders via social networks is an activity which TI organisations are aiming to exploit in order to improve the open sharing, retrieval, organisation and leveraging of knowledge. Through a study of currently-available literature relating to social networking adoption within the TI and a case study analysis of corporate social networking practices at three multi-national TI organisations (British Airways, Thomas Cook and Marriott Hotels), it may be observed that correlations exist between the development of social networking and the processes TI organisations now use to manage knowledge. We explore how these companies are currently utilizing SNs to improve knowledge management practices inside and outside of their organisational boundaries. From our analysis, lessons may emerge as to how TI companies are gaining competitive advantage through the use of social networking; a proposed strategy is identified to determine how TI organisations may make best use of social networks.

Rethinking Care Through Social Reproduction: Articulating Circuits of Migration

Care has come to dominate much feminist research on globalized migrations and the transfer of labor from the South to the North, while the older concept of reproduction had been pushed into the background but is now becoming the subject of debates on the commodification of care in the household and changes in welfare state policies. This article argues that we could achieve a better understanding of the different modalities and trajectories of care in the reproduction of individuals, families, and communities, both of migrant and nonmigrant populations by articulating the diverse circuits of migration, in particular that of labor and the family. In doing this, I go back to the earlier North American writing on racialized minorities and migrants and stratified social reproduction. I also explore insights from current Asian studies of gendered circuits of migration connecting labor and marriage migrations as well as the notion of global householding that highlights the gender politics of social reproduction operating within and beyond households in institutional and welfare architectures. In contrast to Asia, there has relatively been little exploration in European studies of the articulation of labor and family migrations through the lens of social reproduction. However, connecting the different types of migration enables us to achieve a more complex understanding of care trajectories and their contribution to social reproduction.

Perspectives on gender, migration and transnational work: joint work of social reproduction and care in Southern Europe

This paper presents the "state of the art" and some of the main issues discussed in relation to the topic of transnational migration and reproductive work in southern Europe. We start doing a genealogy of the complex theoretical development leading to the consolidation of the research program, linking consideration of gender with transnational migration and transformation of work and ways of survival, thus making the production aspects as reproductive, in a context of globalization. The analysis of the process of multiscale reconfiguration of social reproduction and care, with particular attention to its present global dimension is presented, pointing to the turning point of this line of research that would have taken place with the beginning of this century, with the rise notions such as "global care chains" (Hochschild, 2001), or "care drain" (Ehrenreich and Hochschild, 2013). Also, the role of this new agency, now composed in many cases women who migrate to other countries or continents, precisely to address these reproductive activities, is recognized. Finally, reference is made to some of the new conceptual and theoretical developments in this area.

Neoliberal Capitalism, Social Reproduction Crisis, Gender Implications and Forms of Resistance: The case of Greece

Neoliberal capitalism and its accompanied austerity measures has had a profound effect on social reproduction throughout Europe. Social reproduction, ie, the process that makes it possible for individuals, families, and society to reproduce itself – is in crisis. The concept of social reproduction utilized in this presentation is framed within the feminist and Marxist tradition. Historically, social reproduction was met through both waged and unwaged work with women playing a predominant role either as waged, predominantly public sector, workers (social workers, teachers, carers, nurses, etc) or as unpaid workers (unpaid carers: mothers, wives, etc.) but now both forms of work are destabilized and undermined. Thus, the crisis in social reproduction. Within this crisis women’s unequal position is further undermined but at the same time progressive women and men are organizing to present alternatives forms of social reproduction. This presentation by utilizing the case of Greece will first outline the neoliberal processes that have caused the crisis in social reproduction. Second, it will present the consequences of social reproduction by highlighting the gender implications. Third, it will discuss the reorganization of social reproduction which is taking place outside the logic of capitalist society and is manifested through the creation of solidarity health clinics and pharmacies, communal kitchens, creation of various forms of bartering etc. This presentation will argue that these forms present glimpses of another society , a society based on principles of solidarity and cooperation. A society worth fighting for. And finally the presentation will conclude by discussing at which level can this crisis be resolved and the role of the social work profession.

Influencias de la experiencia educativa extraescolar La Casa en la vida de los jóvenes del barrio El Retiro

La presente investigación se propone analizar de qué manera influye la experiencia educativa extraescolar La Casa en la vida de los jóvenes que participan de sus actividades educativas. Dicha experiencia se lleva a cabo desde el año 2009 en El Retiro, barrio periférico de la ciudad de La Plata caracterizado por condiciones de pobreza estructural. La misma está organizada por un grupo de personas, en su mayoría estudiantes y graduados universitarios, quienes buscan, a través de actividades educativas, construir herramientas que les brinden mayor autonomía a los habitantes del barrio. La Casa se enmarca en un proceso histórico caracterizado por el surgimiento, desde la sociedad civil, de diferentes alternativas que buscan dar algún tipo de respuesta a las consecuencias sociales del proceso de polarización y fragmentación social que tuvo lugar a partir de las transformaciones de las últimas décadas. En este caso, La Casa hace foco en la cuestión educativa, considerándolo el eje fundamental para generar autonomía en los sujetos. Durante el año 2010 y principios de 2011 se llevó a cabo la presente investigación de corte cualitativo, la cual se valió de herramientas como la observación participante y la entrevista semi-estructurada para alcanzar el objetivo de dar cuenta de la influencia de esta experiencia en la vida de los jóvenes entre 13 y 18 años que participan de las actividades educativas que allí se desarrollan, tanto desde la perspectiva de los mismos jóvenes, como de los talleristas, familiares y otros actores de la comunidad. Por otra parte, la reconstrucción de esta experiencia, sus modificaciones a lo largo del tiempo, el modo en que los distintos actores que participan de ella ven a La Casa y los efectos que tiene en los jóvenes abre el camino para una reflexión crítica en torno a las potencialidades y limitaciones, a las tensiones y las oportunidades de experiencias de este tipo

Sucessao geracional na agricultura familiar : Liçoes apreendidas em duas comunidades rurais

The new pattern of modernization of agriculture and rural, in force in most rural areas of Brazil, is also present in the Southwest of Paraná. Thus, considering the marks left by this process, this research tried to see what were the factors that interfere in generational succession and began to influence the family farm's social reproduction strategy. For that, from a qualitative approach, this study sought to compare two rural communities by establishing 25 interviews each and two focus group sessions. The results of this study, it was noticed that the factors that favor the permanence of young people in rural areas were mainly: income, living in society and the inclusion of life projects of the children in the family's social reproduction strategies.

Influencias de la experiencia educativa extraescolar La Casa en la vida de los jóvenes del barrio El Retiro

La presente investigación se propone analizar de qué manera influye la experiencia educativa extraescolar La Casa en la vida de los jóvenes que participan de sus actividades educativas. Dicha experiencia se lleva a cabo desde el año 2009 en El Retiro, barrio periférico de la ciudad de La Plata caracterizado por condiciones de pobreza estructural. La misma está organizada por un grupo de personas, en su mayoría estudiantes y graduados universitarios, quienes buscan, a través de actividades educativas, construir herramientas que les brinden mayor autonomía a los habitantes del barrio. La Casa se enmarca en un proceso histórico caracterizado por el surgimiento, desde la sociedad civil, de diferentes alternativas que buscan dar algún tipo de respuesta a las consecuencias sociales del proceso de polarización y fragmentación social que tuvo lugar a partir de las transformaciones de las últimas décadas. En este caso, La Casa hace foco en la cuestión educativa, considerándolo el eje fundamental para generar autonomía en los sujetos. Durante el año 2010 y principios de 2011 se llevó a cabo la presente investigación de corte cualitativo, la cual se valió de herramientas como la observación participante y la entrevista semi-estructurada para alcanzar el objetivo de dar cuenta de la influencia de esta experiencia en la vida de los jóvenes entre 13 y 18 años que participan de las actividades educativas que allí se desarrollan, tanto desde la perspectiva de los mismos jóvenes, como de los talleristas, familiares y otros actores de la comunidad. Por otra parte, la reconstrucción de esta experiencia, sus modificaciones a lo largo del tiempo, el modo en que los distintos actores que participan de ella ven a La Casa y los efectos que tiene en los jóvenes abre el camino para una reflexión crítica en torno a las potencialidades y limitaciones, a las tensiones y las oportunidades de experiencias de este tipo

Sucessao geracional na agricultura familiar : Liçoes apreendidas em duas comunidades rurais

The new pattern of modernization of agriculture and rural, in force in most rural areas of Brazil, is also present in the Southwest of Paraná. Thus, considering the marks left by this process, this research tried to see what were the factors that interfere in generational succession and began to influence the family farm's social reproduction strategy. For that, from a qualitative approach, this study sought to compare two rural communities by establishing 25 interviews each and two focus group sessions. The results of this study, it was noticed that the factors that favor the permanence of young people in rural areas were mainly: income, living in society and the inclusion of life projects of the children in the family's social reproduction strategies.