Relationships between gender, age, family conditions, physical and mental health, and social isolation of elderly caregivers

Background: In an aging population an increasing number of elderly caregivers will be called upon to provide care over a long period, during which time they will be burdened both by caregiving and by the physiological effects of their own aging. Among them there will be more aged male caregivers, who will probably be less prepared than women to become caregivers. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between caregivers' gender, age, family income, living arrangements and social support as independent variables, and depressive symptoms, comorbidities, level of frailty, grip strength, walking speed and social isolation, as dependent variables. Methods: 176 elderly people (123 women) were selected from a sample of a population-based study on frailty (n = 900), who had cared for a spouse (79.3%) and/or parents (31.4%) in the past five years (mean age = 71.8 +/- 4.86 years; mean monthly family income in minimum wages = 4.64 +/- 5.14). The study used questionnaires and self-report scales, grip strength and walking speed tests. Results: 65% of participants evaluated caregiving as being very stressful. Univariate analyses of regression showed low family income as a risk factor for depression; being female and low perceived social support as a risk for comorbidities; being 80 years of age and above for low grip strength; and being male for social isolation indicated by discontinuity of activities and social roles. In multivariate analyses of regression, poverty arose as a risk factor for depression and being female for comorbidities. Conclusions: Gender roles, age, income and social support interacted with physical and emotional health, and with the continuity of social participation of elderly caregivers. Special attention must be given to male caregivers.

Rural social centers

Mode of access: Internet.

Do more with less: a framework for e-government

Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Desenvolvimento de Software e Sistemas Interactivos, realizada sob a orientação científica do Doutor Arminda Guerra Lopes Professor Doutor do Departamento de Informática do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco

O impacto social dos serviços de convivência e fortalecimento de vínculos para pessoas idosas: um estudo sob a ótica dos trabalhadores do SUAS

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

Utilizing ICT to prevent loneliness and social isolation of the elderly. A literature review

Ageing of the population is a worldwide phenomenon. Numerous ICT-based solutions have been developed for elderly care but mainly connected to the physiological and nursing aspects in services for the elderly. Social work is a profession that should pay attention to the comprehensive wellbeing and social needs of the elderly. Many people experience loneliness and depression in their old age, either as a result of living alone or due to a lack of close family ties and reduced connections with their culture of origin, which results in an inability to participate actively in community activities (Singh & Misra, 2009). Participation in society would enhance the quality of life. With the development of information technology, the use of technology in social work practice has risen dramatically. The aim of this literature review is to map out the state of the art of knowledge about the usage of ICT in elderly care and to figure out research-based knowledge about the usability of ICT for the prevention of loneliness and social isolation of elderly people. The data for the current research comes from the core collection of the Web of Science and the data searching was performed using Boolean? The searching resulted in 216 published English articles. After going through the topics and abstracts, 34 articles were selected for the data analysis that is based on a multi approach framework. The analysis of the research approach is categorized according to some aspects of using ICT by older adults from the adoption of ICT to the impact of usage, and the social services for them. This literature review focused on the function of communication by excluding the applications that mainly relate to physical nursing. The results show that the so-called ‘digital divide’ still exists, but the older adults have the willingness to learn and utilise ICT in daily life, especially for communication. The data shows that the usage of ICT can prevent the loneliness and social isolation of older adults, and they are eager for technical support in using ICT. The results of data analysis on theoretical frames and concepts show that this research field applies different theoretical frames from various scientific fields, while a social work approach is lacking. However, a synergic frame of applied theories will be suggested from the perspective of social work.

[factors Associated With Satisfaction With Life Among Elderly Caregivers And Non-caregivers].

This article seeks to investigate associations between satisfaction with life and sociodemographic variables, health conditions, functionality, social involvement and social support among elderly caregivers and non-caregivers, as well as between satisfaction and the intensity of stress in the caregiver group. A sample of 338 caregivers was selected according to two items of the Brazilian version of the Elders Life Stress Inventory. A comparison-group of elderly non-caregivers was selected at random, with a similar gender, age and income profile. Data were derived from self-reported questionnaires and scales. Elderly caregivers with low levels of satisfaction and high levels of stress revealed more symptoms of insomnia, fatigue, diseases and worse IADL performance. Those with greater satisfaction and less stress revealed a good level of social support. Insomnia, depression and fatigue were associated with low satisfaction among caregivers, and with fatigue, depression and low social support among non-caregivers. It was considered relevant that instrumental, psychological and informative support can improve the quality of life and the quality of care provided by elderly caregivers, especially if they are affected by unfavorable health and psychosocial conditions and low satisfaction with life.

An e-marketplace of healthcare and social care services: the perceived interest

The health and social care sector is receiving growing attention for the last years, due to the increased life expectancy, the public demand for a better quality of life and for better health services. These requirements can be met with more cost-efficient approaches and using new technology-based solutions for providing services. The paper presents and discusses some of the main results of a study undertaken in Guimarães, a Municipality at the North of Portugal, on the perceived relevance of an e-Marketplace of social and healthcare services for the inhabitants in general, and in particular for people with special needs; the study also included the identification of the most relevant services to be offered by this platform and allowed concluding that such an e-Marketplace is of recognized relevance and that it is expected a good adhesion from the population.

Information technology supporting healthcare and social care services

The authors are developing a pilot project for a Municipality in the North of Portugal, envisaging the definition and implementation of an e-marketplace for healthcare and social services, in order to facilitate the interaction between healthcare and social services professionals and people with special needs (or their relatives). Based on the results of a survey on user needs analysis and expectations conducted in 2011, the paper discusses the relevance and interest of such platforms and the main drivers and motivations of the population for using such services, as well as which services would motivate citizens to use the platform. The results of the study will be used to select the products and services perceived to be the most desired by the potential users. The paper thus makes three main contributions: (1) the results of the study confirm the interest and the perceived potential of such a service, from the end-users perspective; (2) the findings support the advantage of expanding this pilot project to a full scale implementation; and (3) the performed analysis improves our understanding of the relations between the characteristics of the inquired population and the perceived interest in such platforms.

Bem-estar psicológico e satisfação com a vida em pessoas adultas e idosas

Dissertação de Mestrado, Psicologia da Educação, especialidade de Contextos Comunitários, 28 de Setembro de 2015, Universidade dos Açores.

Relations sociales et troubles dépressifs chez les personnes âgées au Québec : interactions avec le genre et la région de résidence

Chez les personnes âgées, la dépression est un problème important en santé publique, à cause de sa prévalence élevée et de son association avec les incapacités fonctionnelles, la mortalité et l’utilisation des services. La plupart des études ont montré que le manque de relations sociales était associé à la dépression, mais les résultats ne sont pas clairs. Au Québec et au Canada, on possède peu de données sur la prévalence de la dépression chez les personnes âgées et de son association avec les relations sociales. Peu d’études ont examiné le rôle des relations sociales sur l’utilisation des services de santé par les personnes âgées déprimées. Le but de cette recherche était d’examiner le rôle des relations sociales dans la présence de la dépression et dans la consultation chez un professionnel de la santé des personnes âgées déprimées, au Québec. Plus spécifiquement, ce travail visait à : 1) examiner les associations entre les relations sociales et les troubles dépressifs selon la région de résidence; 2) examiner les associations différentielles des relations sociales sur la dépression des femmes et des hommes âgés; 3) examiner le rôle des relations sociales dans la consultation auprès d’un professionnel de la santé des personnes âgées déprimées. Pour répondre à ces objectifs, nous avons utilisé les données de l’enquête ESA (Enquête sur la Santé des Aînés), réalisée en 2005 -2006 auprès d’un échantillon de 2670 personnes âgées résidant à domicile au Québec, qui nous ont permis de rédiger trois articles. Les troubles dépressifs (incluant la dépression majeure et mineure) ont été mesurés, selon les critères du DSM-IV, en excluant le critère de l’altération du fonctionnement social, professionnel ou dans d’autres domaines importants, à l’aide du questionnaire ESA développé par l’équipe de recherche. Les relations sociales ont été mesurées à l’aide de cinq variables : (1) le réseau social; (2) l’intégration sociale; (3) le soutien social, (4) la perception d’utilité auprès des proches et (5) la présence de relations conflictuelles avec le conjoint, les enfants, les frères et sœurs et les amis. Des modèles de régression logistique multiple ont été ajustés aux données pour estimer les rapports de cote et leur intervalle de confiance à 95 %. Nos résultats ont montré des prévalences de dépression plus élevées chez les personnes qui résident dans les régions rurales et urbaines, comparées à celles qui résident dans la région métropolitaine de Montréal. La pratique du bénévolat, le soutien social et les relations non conflictuelles avec le conjoint sont associés à une faible prévalence de dépression, indépendamment du type de résidence. Comparés aux hommes, les femmes ont une prévalence de dépression plus élevée. L’absence de confident est associée à une prévalence de dépression élevée, tant chez les hommes que chez les femmes. La probabilité de dépression est plus élevée chez les hommes veufs et chez ceux qui ne pratiquent pas d’activités de bénévolat, comparativement à ceux qui sont mariés et font du bénévolat. Chez les femmes, aucune association significative n’a été observée entre le statut marital, le bénévolat et la dépression. Cependant, la présence de relations conflictuelles avec le conjoint est associée avec la dépression, seulement chez les femmes. Les relations avec les enfants, les frères et sœurs et les amis ne sont pas associées avec la dépression dans cette population de personnes âgées du Quebec. En ce qui concerne la consultation chez un professionnel de la santé, nos résultats ont révélé que presque la moitié des personnes âgées dépressives n’ont pas consulté un professionnel de la santé, pour leurs symptômes de dépression, au cours des 12 derniers mois. Par ailleurs, notre étude a montré que les personnes âgées qui disposent de tous les types de soutien (confident, émotionnel et instrumental) consultent plus pour leurs symptômes de dépression que ceux qui ont moins de soutien. Comparativement aux hommes mariés, les femmes mariées consultent plus les professionnels de la santé, ce qui laisse supposer que le réseau de proches (épouse et enfants) semble agir comme un substitut en réduisant la fréquence de consultation chez les hommes. Vu la rareté des études canadiennes sur la prévalence de la dépression chez les personnes âgées et les facteurs psychosociaux qui y sont associés, les résultats de ce travail seront utiles pour les cliniciens et pour les responsables des politiques à l’échelle nationale, provinciale et locale. Ils pourront guider des interventions spécifiques, selon la région de résidence et pour les hommes et les femmes âgées, dans le domaine de la santé mentale.

Apoio social e síndrome da fragilidade em idosos residentes na comunidade

Introduction: The frailty in the elderly is the result of a complex interplay between many social and clinical factors involved in its genesis. Although there is an understanding of its association with increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes, still it is unclear whether this syndrome can be aggravated due to lack of social support. So, the objective of this study was to analyze the association between social support and frailty syndrome in elderly community residents. Materials and methods: Observational analytical cross-sectional study, with a sample of 300 elderly living in the city of Natal-RN. Were collected informations about socialdemographic, economics and physical health data. The Social support was assessed by the status of cohabitation; marital status; contact frequency and diversity rate; received and given attendance frequency rate; and Map Minimum Relations of the Elderly. The frailty was assessed using the following criteria: unintentional weight loss, weakness, low physical activity, exhaustion and Slowness. To observe any possible associations, we performed the Pearson chi-square test, the Student t test and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: It was observed that there were no associations of frailty with the social support variables, except for housekeeping mode (p = 0.046) of the MMRI. For the sociodemographic, economic, physical health and social support data, only age (p <0.001), sedentary lifestyle (p = 0.002) and poor perceived health (p = 0.001) were the ones that remained in the logistic regression model, with strong association for the presence of frailty. Conclusion: Among the variables related to social support, only to help with housekeeping was significantly associated with frailty. However, more studies need to be developed to characterize the social vulnerability, as well as health services need to recognize the importance of social support as an integral part of care for the elderly

Análise da prevalência e de fatores de risco para as hepatites virais crônicas B e C em idosos residentes no município de Botucatu-SP

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB