Le droit aux valeurs d'affection : étude sous l'angle de l'article 28 CC

INTRODUCTION : L'affection, et son contraire l'aversion, se manifestent à chaque instant de l'existence. Que ce soit au travers de notre relation avec les membres de notre entourage, les perceptions sonores, visuelles, olfactives qui nous saisissent à tout instant, il est constamment demandé à notre personnalité d'apprécier, de choisir, de rejeter en fonction de nos penchants, sans que ce choix soit nécessairement explicable ou justifiable par des arguments que chacun pourrait comprendre. L'affection, en tant qu'émanation de la personnalité, est-elle juridiquement protégée ? La question semble saugrenue mais il suffit de penser à la protection de la relation avec ses proches que la jurisprudence a bâtie sur la base de l'article 28 CC pour se rendre compte que l'affection est à l'évidence protégée en tant que composante de la personnalité. Mais où s'arrête-t-elle ? S'il est acquis qu'elle protège une relation entre deux êtres, peut-elle porter sur un objet ayant appartenu à un proche, par exemple une montre héritée d'un parent décédé ? Une réaction instinctive nous incite à répondre par l'affirmative; nous entendons cependant démontrer que cette protection trouve aussi des fondements juridiques, et qu'elle a des conséquences légales; ainsi en va-t-il si la montre est endommagée par un tiers : doit-on alors se limiter au remboursement de la valeur vénale, en compensant uniquement le dommage matériel, ou le titulaire du droit à l'affection peut-il réclamer, en sus de la valeur vénale, le dédommagement du tort moral ? Et si la montre est en main d'un tiers, comment aménager le rapport de deux personnes légitimées à invoquer un lien sur un objet, l'une en vertu de son droit de propriété, l'autre en vertu de son sentiment affectif ? La protection ne s'arrête certainement pas aux objets qui rappellent le souvenir d'un être proche. D'autres objets, tels un arbre planté à sa naissance, un objet qui matérialise un événement personnel important, sont aussi susceptibles d'être l'objet d'un lien affectif. Bien qu'ils n'aient pas, en raison de l'absence de lien préalable avec un être physique, de substrat duquel tirer la justification juridique de la protection, nous démontrerons que ce lien affectif est également protégé. Et, enfin, peut-on, à notre époque, parler d'affection sans évoquer les animaux ? Quelles sont les règles applicables au statut de l'animal depuis que le législateur a décidé qu'il n'est plus une chose ? Voilà une troisième catégorie de valeurs d'affection qui nous occupera et dont nous étudierons le régime particulier de protection depuis la récente modification du Code civil suisse. L'étude de la protection des valeurs d'affection a ceci de particulier qu'elle était au début du siècle souvent citée dans le catalogue des droits de la personnalité, notamment lorsque les auteurs commentaient ce nouvel article 28 CC que l'on disait si novateur. Cet ouvrage entend déterminer ce qu'il reste aujourd'hui de cette doctrine si prompte à voir dans l'article 28 CC ce qu'il n'est peut-être plus vraiment actuellement, c'est-à-dire un puissant vecteur du développement des conceptions juridiques et de l'évolution de la protection de la personnalité. L'on entend souvent que la tendance sociale est à l'individualisme, à la précarisation des rapports humains et à l'anonymisation de la société. Le renouveau du débat sur la protection des valeurs d'affection, notamment par la modification législative touchant le statut de l'animal, est la manifestation du besoin social de protéger les liens affectifs portant sur un objet, que ce soit une alliance, un arbre planté à sa naissance, ou un animal de compagnie. Après l'analyse des sources de la protection des valeurs d'affection, nous examinerons quelles peuvent être les conséquences légales de cette protection s'agissant de la réparation du tort moral, et au niveau de la résolution de conflits de droit qui peuvent surgir entre le titulaire du droit à la valeur d'affection et le tiers propriétaire. Il s'agira également de déterminer si la récente modification législative sur le statut de l'animal apporte des solutions nouvelles à ces questions.

Personality, social values, and marital satisfaction as predictors of parents’ rearing styles

Los estilos de crianza parentales pueden afectar la conducta y socialización de los adolescentes, por lo que es de interés conocer cómo algunas variables psicológicas de los padres se relacionan con los estilos de crianza. Este estudio tiene el objetivo de analizar los estilos de crianza de los padres, valores sociales (prestigio social, orden, benevolencia, y conservadurismo-liberalismo), los cinco grandes factores de personalidad, y la satisfacción de pareja (acuerdo general, afecto, satisfacción, y cohesión) en los padres de adolescentes. Este es un estudio prospectivo basado en método de análisis correlacional. Se encontró que los estilos educativos definidos por el cariño y aceptación se relacionan con los rasgos de personalidad como responsabilidad y estabilidad emocional, alta satisfacción de pareja y preferencia por valores prosociales. Al contrario, los estilos de crianza de sobreprotección y favoritismo se relacionan con baja amabilidad y baja apertura el poco ajuste de pareja con falta de cohesión y valores sociales definidos por falta de benevolencia y preferencia por valores de prestigio social.

Formação e vivências: a representação social do ser professor em comunidades ribeirinhas do Vale do Juruá Acre

Being a teacher is a challenging task, driving action strategies that mobilize technical dimensions of being / doing teaching, but also affection. This research was conducted with teachers / students of the Special Program of formation for Teachers of Basic Education agricultural zone (PROFIR) developed by the Federal University of Acre in partnership with the State Department of Education (SEE) and City Halls of the region; locus typically Amazon and, in this research, comprises five municipalities in the Valley of Juruá - Acre. Northern Brazil. It Aims to capture the social representation of being a teacher in riverside communities. We performed this study from the Theory of Social Representations (MOSCOVICI, 1978, 1990, 2005a, 2005b, 2009, 2011) and (JODELET, 2001), from discussions on teacher formation (LDB No. 9394 of 1996). Work, among others, (TARDIF, 2004), (TARDIF; LESSARD, 2007), (NÓVOA, 1992, 1999), (ARROYO, 2007). We used as a methodological strategy, the multiple classification procedure (PCM), which is organized in two steps: Free Classification and Directed Classification, as well as semi-structured interviews, involving, thus, 137 teachers surveyed. For the analysis of the data, we appealed to software SPSS, version 13.0 for Windows, mapping the elements of the representational content through Multidimensional Analysis (MSA and SSA). Through the different strategies of analysis, we identified from the Free Classification, the regionalization: Beyond forest, teaching Attributes and Mobilized Attributes. With data of the Directed Classification, the analysis was based on the Theory of Facets (BILSKY, 2003) and (BUSCHINI, 2005) and we found: Reference of teacher; Negative Dimension and affective and technicians attributes. Finally, with the Analysis of Content (BARDIN, 2004) e (FRANK, 2005) and of the interviews the categories we found the categories: Urban relation versus agricultural, Knowledge in construction and possible bets. The report of the experiences along the edge of the rivers, in these different methodological strategies and of analysis, demonstrates the existence of symbolic and representational elements that influence and guide the educational conduct and actions of these teachers and that they are deeply anchored and objectified in technical and affective elements of the making teacher. They daily live deeply the concreteness of the Amazonian realism redesigning the Real and the symbolic one as a way to understand themselves as a teacher in adversity of this context. We also observed the historical, social and cultural local marks, framing, thus, the collective personality and generating its guides of action

Entre a fé, a obra social e a publicidade: uma análise crítica do discurso da responsabilidade social da Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus

Situated on Applied Linguistics (PENNYCOOK, 1998; MOITA LOPES, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2009), this thesis, which is inscribed in a qualitative-interpretative approach of a critical analysis perspective , lies on the speech of social responsibility and the way like that is employed in seeking for legitimacy and prestige within the neopentecostal brazilian religious field, more specifically of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God. The general goal of this research is t reflect upon the speech on social responsibility and the rethoric of selfpromotion of the Universal Church through the role of social actors in the making of his her identities, materialized in the newspaper Folha Universal. In order to achieve that, we have conjugated, in this research, social and discursive analysis. On the linguistic-discursive approach, the research is based on the Critical Analysis of Discourse (ACD), specially in Fairclough (2001, 2003, 2006), a proposal that provides theoretical-methodological tools to investigate the language beyond the linguistic structures , that is, the discourse, social practices in which it occurs and more ample structures. Theoretical assumptions were also used of Sistemico-Functional Linguistics(LSF), matching with categories of the Transitivity System of Halliday (1994, 2004), of the forms of representation of social actors in the socioeconomic perspective by Van Leeuwen (1997, 2008) and of the Appraisal system by Martin and White (2005). As we develop the argumentation on thesobre social role of religion in this thesis, we make use of the authors such as Freston (1994), Oro (1997, 2003), Campos (1996, 1999), Mariano (1999), Meneses (2008), among several ones. We have also used a series of concepts and categories coming from the field of communication and marketing on the business social responsability and social marketing . In this area, we take as references the contributions of Bueno (2003), Fossá and Sartoretto (2003) and Zenone (2006). The corpus of the work is framed by news taken at the newspaper Folha Universal, in which are given the social responsibility actions of the church . The timeframe used was on the editions of 2010 thru 2012. Results found at he analysis of the News lead to semantic features of Assessment of Affection, Judgment and Appreciation, many times followed by Gradation, and the Attribution, one of the subsystems of the Attachment, are evidence of positive assessments for the Universal Church and its agents and make up rethorical elements which provide structure for the discourse of the Universal Church at the newspaper Folha Universal consisted of its image (style) of social responsibility . Results show that the most frequente social actors of the discourse are, on one hand, the Universal Church itself and its volunteers, famous (actors, actresses, presenters), politicians and authorities, on the other hand, the population which was helped by the Church social projects . The first group seems to be Always activated, however the second one, most of the time rather passive. These are also represented by assimilation in most of the occurrences, however the other ones by individualization and nomination entitled by honorification, except for the volunteers that are represented either as an individual, or as a group

Reconhecimento social e autonomia intersubjetiva: direito e inclusão da pessoa com deficiência no mercado de trabalho

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

Vulnerabilidade, reconhecimento e saúde da pessoa idosa: autonomia intersubjetiva e justiça social

The elderly are the object of policies of protection against risks and diseases. According to the liberal premise, the idea is ensure the individual's independence, which actually serves to isolating and weakening the elderly. We propose the paradigm of recognition and social bonds that support the life of individuals who exercise recognition and are recognized. Intersubjective autonomy is guaranteed through relations of affection/friendship, social esteem, recognition of rights and responsibilities and threatened by de-valuing attitudes, disrespect and violence. This contributes to the health of the elderly, by understanding exclusion, slander and trauma and supporting the care institution with a view to integrity and social justice.

AFFECTION IN ELDERLY CARE FROM THE NURSES' PERSPECTIVE

The objective of this study was to describe, from the nurses' perspective, the meaning of effective/affective care, the interference factors, and the learning promoted from dealing with elderly inpatients, as well as their perception of feeling ready or not to engage in caring. This qualitative study was performed with nurses from a hospital located in the Midwestern region of the State of Sao Paulo. The findings show that the meaning of providing effective/affective care involves knowing the client within his/her social framework, while it crosses the borders of sheer technical care and encompasses fulfilling the client's needs and requirements. Interferences in dealing with the elderly refer to those situations connected with the patients' conditions, work dynamics, and environmental and management adaptations. All surveys showed that despite feeling well prepared, nurses are aware of the need to study fields such as geriatrics and gerontology to a deeper extent. Complete and quality care is only possible if it includes techniques, knowledge and the ability to deal with others with patience and attention to detail.

Studying the neurobiology of social interaction with transcranial direct current stimulation--the example of punishing unfairness.

Studying social behavior often requires the simultaneous interaction of many subjects. As yet, however, no painless, noninvasive brain stimulation tool existed that allowed the simultaneous affection of brain processes in many interacting subjects. Here we show that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can overcome these limits. We apply right prefrontal cathodal tDCS and show that subjects' propensity to punish unfair behavior is reduced significantly.

SUPORTE SOCIAL E QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM IDOSOS PARTICIPANTES DE UM PROGRAMA DE EDUCAÇÃO PERMANENTE

Este estudo objetivou identificar e descrever uma possível relação entre suporte social e qualidade de vida, em pessoas idosas participantes de um programa de educação permanente, o qual é promovido por órgão público em parceria com uma universidade, instalada em um dos municípios que integram a região do ABC Paulista, em São Paulo. A amostra consistiu de 106 idosos, com idade a partir de 60 anos, de ambos os sexos, e que efetivamente participam do referido programa. Para a coleta de dados, a amostra foi dividida em dois subgrupos, onde o primeiro grupo constou de 54 idosos que freqüentam o programa há menos de 1 ano, e o outro grupo foi formado por 52 idosos que freqüentam o programa há mais de 1 ano, com isso objetivamos identificar uma possível existência de diferentes percepções entre os grupos, das variáveis estudadas, em função do tempo de participação no programa, o que não foi confirmado, com os resultados apontando para uma homogeneidade entre os grupos, tanto nos aspectos socioeconômicos quanto nas percepções de suporte social e qualidade de vida, independente do tempo de participação no programa. Este estudo utilizou método descritivo exploratório, de caráter quantitativo e comparativo. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizadas a Escala de Percepção de Suporte Social (EPSS), que avalia percepção de suporte social em suas dimensões emocional e prático; o instrumento de avaliação da qualidade de vida: WHOQOL Bref e Old, e um questionário com dados socioeconômicos que auxiliaram na caracterização do perfil da amostra e na análise estatística dos resultados. Os resultados apontaram que a amostra pesquisada caracteriza-se por possuir um perfil socioeconômico diferenciado, no que se refere a uma maior escolaridade e rendimento mensal, quando comparado a media nacional que mostra o perfil do idoso brasileiro mais vulnerável, com baixa escolaridade e rendimento. Os resultados das avaliações das percepções de suporte social e da qualidade de vida demonstraram tratar-se de idosos que se sentem satisfeitos com seu momento de vida; que percebem apoio emocional, sentindo-se objeto de afeto em sua rede social. Com relação a percepção de suporte prático, os resultados demonstraram que os idosos possuem uma percepção relativa, apontando dúvidas e incertezas quanto ao recebimento deste tipo de apoio de sua rede social. Diante deste resultado, percepção de dúvidas e incertezas em receber suporte prático, e a característica socioeconômica diferenciada da amostra, podemos supor que esses idosos possuem estas percepções, por se sentirem ou por serem de fato provedores e não dependentes da sua rede social. Não foi evidenciada correlação entre as variáveis suporte social e qualidade de vida, sugerindo que o construto suporte social talvez seja percebido pelos idosos da amostra como fator de diminuição da funcionalidade biopsicossocial ou da competência comportamental; ou ainda, pode-se supor que diante dos sentimentos de satisfação com a vida atual, a amostra de idosos volta-se menos aos aspectos protetores do suporte social.

Medicated bodies: Mental distress, social media and affect

Social media are increasingly being recruited into care practices in mental health. This paper analyses how a major new mental health social media site (www.elefriends.org.uk) is used when trying to manage the impact of psychiatric medication on the body. Drawing on Henri Bergson's concept of affection, analysis shows that Elefriends is used at particular moments of reconfiguration (e.g. change in dosage and/or medication), periods of self-experimentation (when people tailor their regimen by altering prescriptions or ceasing medication) and when dealing with a present bodily concern (showing how members have a direct, immediate relationship with the site). In addition, analysis illustrates how users face having to structure their communication to try to avoid 'triggering' distress in others. The paper concludes by pointing to the need to focus on the multiple emerging relationships between bodies and social media in mental health due to the ways the latter are becoming increasingly prominent technologies through which to experience the body when distressed.

[the Teaching Of Social Sciences In Health: Between Practice And Theory].

The models of teaching social sciences and clinical practice are insufficient for the needs of practical-reflective teaching of social sciences applied to health. The scope of this article is to reflect on the challenges and perspectives of social science education for health professionals. In the 1950s the important movement bringing together social sciences and the field of health began, however weak credentials still prevail. This is due to the low professional status of social scientists in health and the ill-defined position of the social sciences professionals in the health field. It is also due to the scant importance attributed by students to the social sciences, the small number of professionals and the colonization of the social sciences by the biomedical culture in the health field. Thus, the professionals of social sciences applied to health are also faced with the need to build an identity, even after six decades of their presence in the field of health. This is because their ambivalent status has established them as a partial, incomplete and virtual presence, requiring a complex survival strategy in the nebulous area between social sciences and health.

[almost An Autobiography: A Study Of Social Scientists In Health Based On The Lattes Curriculum].

Among the various ways of adopting the biographical approach, we used the curriculum vitaes (CVs) of Brazilian researchers who work as social scientists in health as our research material. These CVs are part of the Lattes Platform of CNPq - the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, which includes Research and Institutional Directories. We analyzed 238 CVs for this study. The CVs contain, among other things, the following information: professional qualifications, activities and projects, academic production, participation in panels for the evaluation of theses and dissertations, research centers and laboratories and a summarized autobiography. In this work there is a brief review of the importance of autobiography for the social sciences, emphasizing the CV as a form of autobiographical practice. We highlight some results, such as it being a group consisting predominantly of women, graduates in social sciences, anthropology, sociology or political science, with postgraduate degrees. The highest concentration of social scientists is located in Brazil's southern and southeastern regions. In some institutions the main activities of social scientists are as teachers and researchers with great thematic diversity in research.

Juan César García: Social Medicine As Project And Endeavor.

This paper analyses some aspects of the trajectory of the Argentinian physician and sociologist Juan César García (1932-1984) in the field of Latin American Social Medicine. Three dimensions constituting his basic orientations are highlighted: the elaboration of systematic and reflective social thought; a critical attitude in questioning teaching and professional practices; a commitment to the institutionalization and dissemination of health knowledge.

Brazilian multicentre study of common mental disorders in primary care: rates and related social and demographic factors

Mental health problems are common in primary health care, particularly anxiety and depression. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and their associations with socio-demographic characteristics in primary care in Brazil (Family Health Strategy). It involved a multicenter cross-sectional study with patients from Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Fortaleza (Ceará State) and Porto Alegre (Rio Grande do Sul State), assessed using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). The rate of mental disorders in patients from Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Fortaleza and Porto Alegre were found to be, respectively, 51.9%, 53.3%, 64.3% and 57.7% with significant differences between Porto Alegre and Fortaleza compared to Rio de Janeiro after adjusting for confounders. Prevalence proportions of mental problems were especially common for females, the unemployed, those with less education and those with lower incomes. In the context of the Brazilian government's moves towards developing primary health care and reorganizing mental health policies it is relevant to consider common mental disorders as a priority alongside other chronic health conditions.