Geração de sistemas supervisórios a partir de modelos orientados a objetos

Este trabalho aborda o tema da geração de sistemas supervisórios a partir de modelos orientados a objetos. A motivação para realização do trabalho surgiu com o estudo de sistemas supervisórios e de ferramentas de suporte à modelagem de sistemas usando orientação a objetos. Notou-se que nos primeiros, apesar de possuírem como principal objetivo a visualização de estados e grandezas físicas relacionadas a componentes de plantas industriais (nível de um tanque, temperatura de um gás, por exemplo), os modelos computacionais utilizados baseiam-se em estruturas de dados não hierárquicas, nas quais variáveis de contexto global e não encapsuladas, as chamadas “tags”, são associadas às grandezas físicas a serem visualizadas. Modelos orientados a objeto, por outro lado, constituem uma excelente proposta para a criação de modelos computacionais nos quais a estrutura e semântica dos elementos de modelagem é bastante próxima a de sistemas físicos reais, facilitando a construção e compreensão dos modelos. Assim sendo, a proposta desenvolvida neste trabalho busca agregar as vantagens do uso de orientação a objetos, com conceitos existentes em sistemas supervisórios, a fim de obter-se ferramentas que melhor auxiliem o desenvolvimento de aplicações complexas. Classes e suas instâncias são usadas para modelagem de componentes da planta industrial a ser analisada. Seus atributos e estados são associados às grandezas físicas a serem visualizadas. Diferentes formas de visualização são associadas às classes, aumentando assim o reuso e facilitando o desenvolvimento de sistemas supervisórios de aplicações complexas. A proposta conceitual desenvolvida foi implementada experimentalmente como uma extensão à ferramenta SIMOO-RT, tendo sido denominada de “Supervisory Designer”. A ferramenta desenvolvida estende o modelo de objetos e classes de SIMOO-RT, permitindo a adição de informações específicas para supervisão – tais como as definições de limites para os atributos. A ferramenta foi validada através do desenvolvimento de estudos de casos de aplicações industriais reais, tendo demonstrado diversas vantagens quando comparada com o uso de ferramentas para construção de sistemas supervisórios disponíveis comercialmente).

Uma arquitetura para sistemas supervisórios industriais e sua aplicação em processos de elevação artificial de petróleo

The using of supervision systems has become more and more essential in accessing, managing and obtaining data of industrial processes, because of constant and frequent developments in industrial automation. These supervisory systems (SCADA) have been widely used in many industrial environments to store process data and to control the processes in accordance with some adopted strategy. The SCADA s control hardware is the set of equipments that execute this work. The SCADA s supervision software accesses process data through the control hardware and shows them to the users. Currently, many industrial systems adopt supervision softwares developed by the same manufacturer of the control hardware. Usually, these softwares cannot be used with other equipments made by distinct manufacturers. This work proposes an approach for developing supervisory systems able to access process information through different control hardwares. An architecture for supervisory systems is first defined, in order to guarantee efficiency in communication and data exchange. Then, the architecture is applied in a supervisory system to monitor oil wells that use distinct control hardwares. The implementation was modeled and verified by using the formal method of the Petri networks. Finally, experimental results are presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed solution

Apresentação de métodos para implementação de plataformas colaborativas de Sistemas Automatizados de Produção

Automated Production Systems Development involves aspects concerning the integration of technological components that exist on the market, such as: Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), robot manipulators, various sensors and actuators, image processing systems, communication networks and collaborative supervisory systems; all integrated into a single application. This paper proposes an automated platform for experimentation, implemented through typical architecture for Automated Production Systems, which integrates the technological components described above, in order to allow researchers and students to carry out practical laboratory activities. These activities will complement the theoretical knowledge acquired by the students in the classroom, thus improving their training and professional skills. A platform designed using this generic structure will allow users to work within an educational environment that reflects most aspects found in Industrial Automated Manufacturing Systems, such as technology integration, communication networks, process control and production management. In addition, this platform offers the possibility complete automated process of control and supervision via remote connection through the internet (WebLab), enabling knowledge sharing between different teaching and research groups.

kit educacional para controle e supervisão aplicado a nível

PEREIRA, J. P. ; CASTRO, B. P. S. ; VALENTIM, R. A. M. . Kit Educacional para Controle e Supervisão Aplicado a Nível. Holos, Natal, v. 2, p. 68-72, 2009

Sistema supervisório para poços de petróleo baseados no método de elevação artificial Plunger Lift

The several existing methods for oil artificial lifting and the variety of automation equipment for these methods many times lead the supervisory systems to be dedicated to a unique method and/or to a unique manufacturer. To avoid this problem, it has been developed the supervisory system named SISAL, conceived to supervise wells with different lifting methods and different automation equipments. The SISAL system is working in several Brazilian states but, nowadays, it is only supervising rod pump-based wells. The objective of this work is the development of a supervision module to the plunger lift artificial lift method. The module will have the same characteristics of working with automation hardware of many manufacturers. The module will be integrated to the SISAL system, incorporating the capacity to supervise the plunger lift artificial lift method.

Proposta de integração das redes de comunicação da COSERN como uma solução de contigêncvia em caso de falhas nos enlaces do backbone de automação

T'his dissertation proposes alternative models to allow the interconnectioin of the data communication networks of COSERN Companhia Energética do Rio Grande do Norte. These networks comprise the oorporative data network, based on TCP/IP architecture, and the automation system linking remote electric energy distribution substations to the main Operatin Centre, based on digital radio links and using the IEC 60870-5-101 protoco1s. The envisaged interconnection aims to provide automation data originated from substations with a contingent route to the Operation Center, in moments of failure or maintenance of the digital radio links. Among the presented models, the one chosen for development consists of a computational prototype based on a standard personal computer, working under LINUX operational system and running na application, developesd in C language, wich functions as a Gateway between the protocols of the TCP/IP stack and the IEC 60870-5-101 suite. So, it is described this model analysis, implementation and tests of functionality and performance. During the test phase it was basically verified the delay introduced by the TCP/IP network when transporting automation data, in order to guarantee that it was cionsistent with the time periods present on the automation network. Besides , additional modules are suggested to the prototype, in order to handle other issues such as security and prioriz\ation of the automation system data, whenever they are travesing the TCP/IP network. Finally, a study hás been done aiming to integrate, in more complete way, the two considered networks. It uses IP platform as a solution of convergence to the communication subsystem of na unified network, as the most recente market tendencies for supervisory and other automation systems indicate

Sistema web didático para a supervisão de redes fieldbus

Technological evolution of industrial automation systems has been guided by the dillema between flexibilization and confiability on the integration between devices and control supervisory systems. However, there are few supervisory systems whose attributions can also comprehend the teaching of the communication process that happens behind this technological integration, where those which are available are little flexible about accessibility and reach of patterns. On this context, we present the first module of a didactic supervisory system, accessible through Web, applied on the teaching of the main fieldbus protocols. The application owns a module that automatically discovers the network topology being used and allows students and professionals of automation to obtain a more practical knowledgment by exchanging messages with a PLC, allowing those who are involved to know with more details the communication process of an automation supervisory system. By the fact of being available through Web, the system will allow a remote access to the PLC, comprehending a larger number of users. This first module is focused on the Modbus protocol (TCP and RTU/ASCII)

Simulador computacional para poços de petróleo com método de elevação artificial por bombeio mecânico

This work proposes a computer simulator for sucker rod pumped vertical wells. The simulator is able to represent the dynamic behavior of the systems and the computation of several important parameters, allowing the easy visualization of several pertinent phenomena. The use of the simulator allows the execution of several tests at lower costs and shorter times, than real wells experiments. The simulation uses a model based on the dynamic behavior of the rod string. This dynamic model is represented by a second order partial differencial equation. Through this model, several common field situations can be verified. Moreover, the simulation includes 3D animations, facilitating the physical understanding of the process, due to a better visual interpretation of the phenomena. Another important characteristic is the emulation of the main sensors used in sucker rod pumping automation. The emulation of the sensors is implemented through a microcontrolled interface between the simulator and the industrial controllers. By means of this interface, the controllers interpret the simulator as a real well. A "fault module" was included in the simulator. This module incorporates the six more important faults found in sucker rod pumping. Therefore, the analysis and verification of these problems through the simulator, allows the user to identify such situations that otherwise could be observed only in the field. The simulation of these faults receives a different treatment due to the different boundary conditions imposed to the numeric solution of the problem. Possible applications of the simulator are: the design and analysis of wells, training of technicians and engineers, execution of tests in controllers and supervisory systems, and validation of control algorithms

kit educacional para controle e supervisão aplicado a nível

PEREIRA, J. P. ; CASTRO, B. P. S. ; VALENTIM, R. A. M. . Kit Educacional para Controle e Supervisão Aplicado a Nível. Holos, Natal, v. 2, p. 68-72, 2009

kit educacional para controle e supervisão aplicado a nível

PEREIRA, J. P. ; CASTRO, B. P. S. ; VALENTIM, R. A. M. . Kit Educacional para Controle e Supervisão Aplicado a Nível. Holos, Natal, v. 2, p. 68-72, 2009

Sistema supervisório para poços de petróleo baseados no método de elevação artificial Plunger Lift

The several existing methods for oil artificial lifting and the variety of automation equipment for these methods many times lead the supervisory systems to be dedicated to a unique method and/or to a unique manufacturer. To avoid this problem, it has been developed the supervisory system named SISAL, conceived to supervise wells with different lifting methods and different automation equipments. The SISAL system is working in several Brazilian states but, nowadays, it is only supervising rod pump-based wells. The objective of this work is the development of a supervision module to the plunger lift artificial lift method. The module will have the same characteristics of working with automation hardware of many manufacturers. The module will be integrated to the SISAL system, incorporating the capacity to supervise the plunger lift artificial lift method.

Utilização de sistemas dedicados a protocolos de rede aplicados à eficiência energética da iluminação pública

The public illumination system of Natal/RN city presents some recurring problems in the aspect of monitoring, since currently is not possible to detect in real time the light bulbs which are on throughout the day, or those which are off or burned out, at night. These factors depreciate the efficiency of the services provided, as well as, the use of energetic resources, because there is energetic waste and, consequently, financial resources that could be applied at the own public system illumination. The purpose of the work is create a prototype in substitution to the currently photoelectric relays used at public illumination, that have the same function, as well others: turn on or off the light bulbs remotely (control flexibility by the use of specifics algorithms supervisory), checking the light bulbs status (on or off) and wireless communication with the system through the ZigBee® protocol. The development steps of this product and the tests carried out are related as a way to validate and justify its use at the public illumination

Homogeneidade e heterogeneidade nos sistemas educacionais: Argentina, Brasil, Chile e México

This study focus on the reconfiguration of educational management in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico, which was promoted by the new logic of social regulation and the new role attributed to the State, considering each country's own historicity. So, the cultural factors that interfere on the dynamics of the 90' school reform are analyzed. Aspects that show the homogeneity or heterogeneity of these reforms in the region, as well as local specificities that block out the concretization of the reform are underlined. It is shown that the historicity that characterizes the educational reform has taken, in each country, a form that can be called, in Mexico, conservative rupture; in Chile, conservative continuity; in Brazil, conservative renovation; and, in Argentina, interrupted rupture. Some conclusions about the impact of educational reform in the selected countries are recuperated through the analysis of 186 academic texts on the subject.

Sistemas aquosos bifásicos: fundamentos e aplicações para partição/purificação de proteínas

By the year 2005 the world biochemical market will reach an estimated $ 100 billion and separation processes are a vital link between lab discoveries and the fulfillment of this commercialization potential. The practical application of aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) to extraction processes has been exploited for several years for the recovery of biological products. Unfortunately, this has not resulted in an extensive presence of the technique in commercial processes. In this paper a critical overview of the fundamental thermodynamic properties related to formation of aqueous two-phase systems and their application to extraction and purification of bioparticules is presented.