鉴定SINEs的方法及在鱼类基因组中的研究

国家杰出青年科学基金(No:30225008); 中国科学院基金(No:KSCC2-SW-101B)资助

鲤科鱼类系统进化过程中SINEs的插入事件

短散在核重复序列(SINEs)是真核生物基因组内的移动元件,已被广泛应用于系统发育研究。文中报道了用SINE的插入事件和细胞色素b基因来研究鲤科鱼类的进化.结果显示:细胞色素b基因和SINEs插入事件在大的鲤科鱼类分类上都支持形态学的分类结果,将整个鲤科鱼类分为雅罗鱼系和鲃系;两种分子标记所获结果的不同之处在于野鲮亚科的进化地位.SINEs插入事件的分析结果显示该亚科的进化地位比较原始,而细胞色素b序列的结果则显示其相对较晚的进化起源.尽管在该研究中分析的物种较少,但为SINEs在鲤科鱼类插入事件的研究提

Identification of novel SINEs from Cyprinidae and their evolutionary significance

Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) are widespread among eukaryotic genomes. They are repetitive DNA sequences that have been amplified by retrotransposition. In this study, a class of SINEs were isolated from the Opsariichthys bidens genome, and named Opsar. Sequence analysis confirmed that Opsar is a new class of typical SINEs derived from tRNA molecules. With the tRNA-derived region of Opsar and through BLASTN search, we further identified Zb-SINEs from the zebrafish genome, which includes two groups: Zb-SINE-A and Zb-SINE-B. The Zb-SINE-A group comprises subfamilies of -Al--A5, and the Zb-SINE-B group is a dimer of the tRNA(Ala)-derived region and shares a similar dimeric composition to Alu. Zb-SINEs are composed of three distinct regions: a 5 end tRNA-derived region, a tRNA-unrelated region and a 3 end AT-rich region. The flanking regions are AT rich. The average length of Zb-SINEs elements is about 340 6p. Zb-SINEs account for as much as 0.1% of the whole zebrafish genome. About 70% of the Zb-SINEs are on chromosomes 11, 18, and 19. These Zb-SINEs were characterized by PCR and dot hybridization. The distribution pattern of Zb-SINEs in genome strongly supports the master genes model. The tRNA-derived regions of Opsar and Zb-SINEs were compared with the tRNA(Ala) gene, and they showed 76% similarity, indicating that Opsar and Zb-SINEs originated from an inactive tRNA(Ala) sequence or a tRNA(Ala)-like sequence. In view of the evolutionary status of zebrafish in the Cyprinidae, we deduced that Zb-SINEs were a very old class of interspersed sequences.

Implementação da diretiva 2010/75/EU - emissões industriais. Estudo de caso: refinaria de Sines

Tese de mestrado integrado em Engenharia da Energia e do Ambiente, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2016

Caracterização de estruturas portuárias: caso de estudo: ampliação do Terminal XXI, Sines

Relatório de Estágio para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Descrição de Peças Desenhadas do Fundo do Gabinete da Área de Sines

Relatório de Estágio apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Informação e da Documentação – Arquivística

Redes Urbanas Policêntricas: operacionalização no subsistema Sines/ Vila Nova de Santo André/ Santiago do Cacém

A dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo avaliar as características e potencialidades dos sistemas urbanos policêntricos e o seu funcionamento em rede. A abordagem empírica está centrada no caso de estudo do Centro Urbano Regional definido no Plano Regional de Ordenamento do Território do Alentejo, constituído pelas cidades de Sines, Vila Nova de Santo André e de Santiago do Cacém, analisando o seu grau de operacionalização e avaliando as relações de cooperação e interdependência existentes. Na abordagem são utilizados os conceitos associados ao modelo de desenvolvimento Policêntrico como os mais adequados para superar as limitações existentes ao nível do desenvolvimento económico e social, de forma a criar massa crítica (demográfica, funcional, cultural e económica), capaz de fomentar o desenvolvimento deste território

Short interspersed repetitive elements (SINEs) from the cichlid fish, Oreochromis niloticus, and their chromosomal localization by fluorescent in situ hybridization

In the present study, we describe the cloning and characterization of a new SINE-like element from O. niloticus (ROn-2) and show the distribution of this SINE and a previously isolated SINE, ROn-1, in the chromosomes of O. niloticus. The ROn-2 element is 359 base pairs (bp) in length, contains short direct terminal repeats, a tRNA-related region similar to tRNA Val and tRNA Arg, a tRNA-unrelated region, and a poly-A tail. Analysis of the chromosomal distribution of ROn-1 and ROn-2 by fluorescent in situ hybridization showed that both SINE sequences are present in all chromosomes of tilapia, and organized in small clusters. The only exception was a large cluster of ROn-1 repeats found in the middle of the long arm of chromosome 1. In view of our data we discuss the hypothesis that the absence of large clusters of SINE sequences and the structural composition of these sequences may explain the absence of base-specific fluorochrome bands in the chromosomes of tilapia.

Genetic variation and demographic history of the Haplochromis laparogramma group of Lake Victoria-An analysis based on SINEs and mitochondrial DNA

More than 500 endemic haplochromine cichlid species inhabit Lake Victoria. This striking species diversity is a classical example of recent explosive adaptive radiation thought to have happened within the last similar to 15,000 years. In this study, we examined the population structure and historical demography of 3 pelagic haplochromine cichlid species that resemble in morphology and have similar niche, Haplochromis (Yssichromis) laparogramma, Haplochromis (Y.) pyrrhocephalus, and Haplochromis (Y.) sp. "glaucocephalus". We investigated the sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region and the insertion patterns of short interspersed elements (SINEs) of 759 individuals. We show that sympatric forms are genetically differentiated in 4 of 6 cases, but we also found apparent weakening of the genetic differentiation in areas with turbid water. We estimated the timings of population expansion and species divergence to coincide with the refilling of the lake at the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary. We also found that estimates can be altered significantly by the choice of the shape of the molecular clock. If we employ the nonlinear clock model of evolutionary rates in which the rates are higher towards the recent, the population expansion was dated at around the event of desiccation of the lake ca. 17,000 YBP. Thus, we succeeded in clarifying the species and population structure of closely related Lake Victoria cichlids and in showing the importance of applying appropriate clock calibrations in elucidating recent evolutionary events. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Table of hyperbolic sines and cosines; x=2 to x=10.

Mode of access: Internet.

Tables of logarithms of numbers and of sines and tangents for every ten seconds of the quadrant, with other useful tables.

Mode of access: Internet.

A practical treatise on railway curves and location : for young engineers : containing a full description of the instruments, the manner of adjusting them, and the methods of proceeding in the field, new and simple formulae for compound and reverse curving, rules for calculating excavation and embankment, staking out work, &c., together with tables of natural sines and tangents, radii, chords, ordinates, and others of general use in the profession /

On spine: Shunk on railway curves &c.