Self-sufficient control of urate homeostasis in mice by a synthetic circuit

Synthetic biology has shown that the metabolic behavior of mammalian cells can be altered by genetic devices such as epigenetic and hysteretic switches, timers and oscillators, biocomputers, hormone systems and heterologous metabolic shunts. To explore the potential of such devices for therapeutic strategies, we designed a synthetic mammalian circuit to maintain uric acid homeostasis in the bloodstream, disturbance of which is associated with tumor lysis syndrome and gout. This synthetic device consists of a modified Deinococcus radiodurans-derived protein that senses uric acids levels and triggers dose-dependent derepression of a secretion-engineered Aspergillus flavus urate oxidase that eliminates uric acid. In urate oxidase-deficient mice, which develop acute hyperuricemia, the synthetic circuit decreased blood urate concentration to stable sub-pathologic levels in a dose-dependent manner and reduced uric acid crystal deposits in the kidney. Synthetic gene-network devices providing self-sufficient control of pathologic metabolites represent molecular prostheses, which may foster advances in future gene- and cell-based therapies.

Collaborative technologies, higher order thinking and self-sufficient learning: A case study of adult learners

The inclusion of online elements in learning environments is becoming commonplace in Post Compulsory Education. A variety of research into the value of such elements is available, and this study aims to add further evidence by looking specifically at the use of collaborative technologies such as online discussion forums and wikis to encourage higher order thinking and self-sufficient learning. In particular, the research examines existing pedagogical models including Salmon’s five-stage model, along with other relevant literature. A case study of adult learners in community-based learning centres forms the basis of the research, and as a result of the findings, an arrow model is suggested as a framework for online collaboration that emphasises the learner, mentions pre-course preparation and then includes three main phases of activity: post, interact and critique. This builds on Salmon’s five-stage model and has the benefit of being flexible and responsive, as well as allowing for further development beyond the model, particularly in a blended learning environment.

PV self-consumption optimization with storage and Active DSM for the residential sector

With the rising prices of the retail electricity and the decreasing cost of the PV technology, grid parity with commercial electricity will soon become a reality in Europe. This fact, together with less attractive PV feed-in-tariffs in the near future and incentives to promote self-consumption suggest, that new operation modes for the PV Distributed Generation should be explored; differently from the traditional approach which is only based on maximizing the exported electricity to the grid. The smart metering is experiencing a growth in Europe and the United States but the possibilities of its use are still uncertain, in our system we propose their use to manage the storage and to allow the user to know their electrical power and energy balances. The ADSM has many benefits studied previously but also it has important challenges, in this paper we can observe and ADSM implementation example where we propose a solution to these challenges. In this paper we study the effects of the Active Demand-Side Management (ADSM) and storage systems in the amount of consumed local electrical energy. It has been developed on a prototype of a self-sufficient solar house called “MagicBox” equipped with grid connection, PV generation, lead–acid batteries, controllable appliances and smart metering. We carried out simulations for long-time experiments (yearly studies) and real measures for short and mid-time experiments (daily and weekly studies). Results show the relationship between the electricity flows and the storage capacity, which is not linear and becomes an important design criterion.

O discurso em jogo : um estudo sobre as visões de mundo das teorias

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Quantification of Clay Dispersion in Nanocomposites of Styrenic Polymers

Polymer-clay nanocomposites are materials with many interesting structures, properties, and potential applications. Microstructural evaluation of a nanocomposite is not an easy task, as clay may form hierarchical structures which may look different when observed at various magnifications under a microscope, and also as the concepts of ""intercalation"" and ""exfoliation"" are not self-sufficient to describe its morphology. In this work polymer-clay nanocomposites of polystyrene and two styrene-containing block copolymers (styrene-butadiene-styrene and styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene) were prepared using three different techniques. Clay dispersion was evaluated by a recently developed microscopy image analysis procedure, combining the analysis of optical and transmission electron micrographs, and the characterization was complemented by X-ray diffraction and rheological measurements. The results showed better clay dispersion for both block copolymers nanocomposites, mainly due to their molecular architectures. Moreover, the techniques which showed the best results involved mixing the materials in a solvent medium. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:257-267, 2010. (C) 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers

Esto es amor: trabalho de projeto

Mestrado Teatro, especialização em artes performativas, teatro música

Utilização de sensores de baixo custo na medição de monóxido de carbono no ar ambiente

Nos últimos anos tem-se assistido à introdução de novos dispositivos de medição da poluição do ar baseados na utilização de sensores de baixo custo. A utilização menos complexa destes sistemas, possibilita a obtenção de dados com elevada resolução temporal e espacial, abrindo novas oportunidades para diferentes metodologias de estudos de monitorização da poluição do ar. Apesar de apresentarem capacidades analíticas distantes dos métodos de referência, a utilização destes sensores tem sido sugerida e incentivada pela União Europeia no âmbito das medições indicativas previstas na Diretiva 2008/50/CE, com uma incerteza expandida máxima de 25%. O trabalho desenvolvido no âmbito da disciplina de Projeto consistiu na escolha, caracterização e utilização em medições reais de um sensor de qualidade do ar, integrado num equipamento protótipo desenvolvido com esse fim, visando obtenção uma estimativa da incerteza de medição associada à utilização deste dispositivo através da aplicação da metodologia de demonstração de equivalência de métodos de medição de qualidade do ar definida pela União Europeia. A pesquisa bibliográfica realizada permitiu constatar que o monóxido de carbono é neste momento o parâmetro de qualidade do ar que permite ser medido de forma mais exata através da utilização de sensores, nomeadamente o sensor eletroquímico da marca Alphasense, modelo COB4, amplamente utilizado em projetos de desenvolvimento neste cotexto de monitorização ambiental. O sensor foi integrado num sistema de medição com o objetivo de poder ser utlizado em condições de autonomia de fornecimento de energia elétrica, aquisição interna dos dados, tendo em consideração ser o mais pequeno possível e de baixo custo. Foi utlizado um sistema baseado na placa Arduino Uno com gravação de dados em cartão de memória SD, baterias e painel solar, permitindo para além do registo das tensões elétricas do sensor, a obtenção dos valores de temperatura, humidade relativa e pressão atmosférica, com um custo global a rondar os 300 euros. Numa primeira fase foram executados um conjunto de testes laboratoriais que permitiram a determinação de várias características de desempenho em dois sensores iguais: tempo de resposta, a equação modelo do sensor, avaliação da repetibilidade, desvio de curto e longo termo, interferência da temperatura e histerese. Os resultados demonstraram um comportamento dos sensores muito linear, com um tempo de resposta inferior a um minuto e com uma equação modelo do sensor dependente da variação da temperatura. A estimativa da incerteza expandida laboratorial ficou, para ambos os sensores, abaixo dos 10%. Após a realização de duas campanhas reais de medição de CO em que os valores foram muito baixos, foi realizada uma campanha de quinze dias num parque de estacionamento subterrâneo que permitiu a obtenção de concentrações suficientemente elevadas e a comparação dos resultados dos sensores com o método de referência em toda a gama de medição (0 a 12 mol.mol-1). Os valores de concentração obtidos pelos dois sensores demonstraram uma excelente correlação com o método de referência (r2≥0,998), obtendo-se resultados para a estimativa da incerteza expandida de campo inferiores aos obtidos para a incerteza laboratorial, cumprindo o objetivo de qualidade de dados definido para as medições indicativas de incerteza expandida máxima de 25%. Os resultados observados durante o trabalho realizado permitiram confirmar o bom desempenho que este tipo de sensor pode ter no âmbito de medições de poluição do ar com um caracter mais indicativo.

Anàlisi del metabolisme ambiental de nuclis turístics litorals: el cas de Menorca

L’objectiu del present estudi és l’anàlisi del metabolisme energètic associat a nuclis turístics litorals de l’illa de Menorca (Mediterrani occidental) i el grau d’autosuficiència a partir d’energies renovables. La caracterització dels nuclis i la definició del perfil del turista s’ha realitzat mitjançant SIG i informació de qualitat a partir d’enquestes. Els principals resultats mostren que els nuclis turístics de Menorca tenen unes emissions associades entre 213 i 318 kg de CO2 per estada. De mitjana, el recorregut del turista fins a la illa (mobilitat externa) és de 1334 km (representant el 80% de les emissions), mentre que la mobilitat interna durant l’estada és de 22 km. A diari, cada turista consumeix entre 8 i 26 kWh d’electricitat, consum que es podria satisfer en un 100% amb la instal·lació de sistemes fotovoltaics a les cobertes del nucli.

Scenarios for the milk production chain in Brazil in 2020

Brazilian milk production has grown steadily and in 2004 the country became self-sufficient in dairy production. This article develops possible scenarios for the milk production chain in Brazil for the year 2020 in order to contribute to decisions that must be made by stakeholders. A literature review on foresight and the use of scenarios was conducted, and a scenario writing approach based on Wright and Spers (2006) was adopted, which includes the use of the Delphi method, Michael Porter's Five Competitive Forces model, Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) (WRIGHT, 1991) and quantitative projections. This methodology provided four scenarios, with quantitative and qualitative elements: two exploratory scenarios ("milk, the new agribusiness star" and "a wasted future"), a most probable scenario ("continuous but uneven growth") and a desired scenario ("competitive family agriculture"). Overall, it is possible to note many market opportunities, as well as niche markets and the strengthening of cooperatives. Future prospects are also favorable to the dairy industry in general, but nearly all scenarios point to a concentration in the industrial sphere.

La permacultura en la gestión del agua: el caso de Can Valldaura

El presente trabajo se centra en el análisis del ciclo del Agua en la finca de Can Valldaura, en el municipio de Cerdanyola, dentro del Parc de Collserola. El IAAC (Instituto de Arquitectura Avanzada de Cataluña), organismo gestor, pretende estudiar e investigar sobre el término de la autosuficiencia, volviendo a dinamizar entre otros aspectos las funciones agrícolas y ganaderas de la finca. El objetivo principal de este estudio es hacer propuestas en la gestión del agua bajo los principios de la Permacultura en la finca de Can Valldaura, queriendo analizar si es posible alcanzar la autosuficiencia a nivel hídrico realizando el proyecto silvoagroforestal planeado por el IAAC. Una vez calculadas las necesidades hídricas del proyecto de Can Valldaura, y analizadas las entradas y salidas hídricas del sistema, los resultados muestran que las infraestructuras actuales son insuficientes para llevar a cabo el proyecto silvoagroforestal si la autosuficiencia es un objetivo prioritario. En este sentido se proponen distintas medidas de gestión: la restauración del antiguo sistema de drenaje, la construcción de una nueva balsa, y el aprovechamiento de las aguas recogidas por los caminos. Además se proponen sistemas de cultivo que mejorarían la estructura del suelo aumentando la infiltración del agua de la lluvia y su retención. Los datos analizados indican que con las medias de gestión y sistemas de cultivo propuestos el proyecto silvoagroforestal podría llevarse a cabo de forma autosufiente.

Desenvolupament d'un node sensor sense fils autoalimentat. Mòdul piezo-magnètic

En aquest projecte es pretén implementar un dispositiu capaç de ser auto-suficient i no dependre de cap tipus de pila, bateria o fil elèctric que l’abasteixi d’energia elèctrica. El dispositiu recol·lectarà la energia magnètica generada per la corrent elèctrica a un fil i la transformarà en energia elèctrica, que serà emmagatzemada per el seu posterior ús. A demès, aquest projecte s’ha desenvolupat en col·laboració amb un segon projecte, dintre del qual s’implementarà una xarxa de sensors, mitjançant el protocol MIWI. Aquest projecte es divideix en tres grans blocs. El primer bloc del projecte serà una introducció teòrica de tots els coneixements relacionats amb el concepte d’energy harvesting i els mecanismes físic implicats. Al segon bloc podrem veure com s’han realitzat els càlculs, simulacions i posada en marxa, dels diferents elements que formaran el dispositiu recol·lector d’energia. Per últim en el tercer bloc veurem el prototip ja implementat. Es valoraran els resultats obtinguts, i es veuran els temps que necessitarà per alimentar al microcontrolador.

Draft environmental report on Cape Verde

Faced with recurrent drought and famine during five centuries of human occupation, the small and densely populated Cape Verde Islands have a history of severe environmental problems. The arid climate and steep, rocky terrain provide scant resources for traditional subsistance farming under the best conditions, and in years of low rainfall the failure of rainfed crops causes massive food shortages. Agricultural use of steep slopes where rainfall is highest has led to soil erosion, as has removal of the island's vegetation for fuel and livestock. Pressure on the vegetation is particularly severe in dry years. International aid can provide relief from famine, and the introduction of modern agricultural and conservation techniques can improve the land and increase yield, but it is unlikely that Cape Verde can ever be entirely self -sufficient in food. Ultimately, the solution of Cape Verde's economic and environmental problems will probably require the development of productive urban jobs so the population can shift away from the intensive and destructive use of land for subsistance farming. In the meantime, the people of Cape Verde can best be served by instituting fundamental measures to conserve and restore the land so that it can be used to its fullest potential. The primary environmental problems in Cape Verde today are: 1. Soil degradation. Encouraged by brief but heavy rains and steep slopes, soil erosion is made worse by lack of vegetation. Soils are also low in organic matter due to the practice of completely removing crop plants and natural vegetation for food, fuel or livestock feed. 2. Water shortage. Brief and erratic rainfall in combination with rapid runoff makes surface water scarce and difficult to use. Groundwater supplies can be better developed but capabilities are poorly known and the complex nature of the geological substrate makes estimation difficult. Water is the critical limiting factor to the agricultural capability of the islands. 3. Fuel shortage. Demand for fuel is intense and has resulted in the virtual elimination of native vegetation. Fuelwood supplies are becoming more and more scarce and costly. Development of managed fuelwood plantations and alternate energy sources is required. 4. Inappropriate land use. Much of the land now used for raising crops or livestock is too steep or too arid for these purposes, causing erosion and destruction of vegetation. Improving yield in more appropriate areas and encouraging less damaging uses of the remaining marginal lands can help to alleviate this problem.

Relatório Final Jogos-Simulação De Marketing – Power Computer

This school in the course of Marketing Business Management and specifically Entrepr This school in the course of Marketing Business Management and specifically Entrepreneurship in the discipline of Simulation - Games Marketing year was accordingly for the creation of a company in the computer business in business online simulator called Marketplace, in order to put into practice all the theoretical knowledge acquired during all previous semesters. This platform we were confronted with decisions in eight quarters corresponding 4 every year , in order to encourage learning in a practical way, a virtual and dynamic environment. Every quarter acareados with well organized tasks taking as a reference point defined strategies such as market research analysis, branding , store management after its creation , development of the policy of the 4Ps , identifying opportunities , monitoring of finances and invest heavily . All quarters were subjected decisions and are then given the results , such as: market performance , financial performance, investments in the future , the "health" of the company 's marketing efficiency then analyzed by our company , teaching and also by competition Balanced Scorecard ie , semi-annual and cumulative . For the start of activities it was awarded the 1st year a total of 2,000,000, corresponding to 500,000 out of 4 first quarter , and 5,000,000 in the fifth quarter in a total of 7,000,000 . The capital invested was used to buy market research, opening sales offices , create brands , contract sales force , advertise products created and perform activity R & D in order to make a profit and become self- sufficient to guarantee the payment of principal invested to headquarters ( Corporate Headquarters ) .

Vesistöjen hyödyntäminen rakennusten lämmityksessä ja jäähdytyksessä

Suomen kokonaisenergiankulutuksesta noin viidesosa kuluu rakennusten lämmitykseen. Ilmastosopimuksien ja tiukentuvien päästömääräyksien vuoksi rakennusten lämmitys- jajäähdytysenergian tuotantoa täytyisi saada energiatehokkaammaksi. Energian kulutuksen vähentäminen onnistuu muun muassa lisäämällä rakennusten omaenergian tuottoa, jota on esimerkiksi lämpöpumpuilla tapahtuva rakennusten lämmitys. Samalla päästöjen määrä pienenee. Rakennusten energiatehokkuusluvun määritys tulee muuttumaan energiamuotojen kertoimiin pohjautuvaksi kokonaisenergiatarkasteluksi. Tämä ohjaa rakennusten energiantuotantoa kaukolämmitykseen ja erilaisiin lämpöpumppuratkaisuihin perustuvaksi. Diplomityössä tutkitaan tapoja, joilla pystytään hyödyntämään vesistöjä rakennusten lämmitykseen ja jäähdytyksen ja saamaan samalla energiankulutusta ja päästöjä pienemmiksi. Lisäksi työssä selvitetään vesistöistä saatavan energian määrää ja käyttökohteita.