Efeito de 13 semanas de treinamento físico militar sobre a composição corporal e o desempenho físico dos alunos da escola preparatória de cadetes do exército

INTRODUCTION: Armies from all over the world acknowledge the importance of good physical fitness for the performance of military duties. The Military Exercise Training (MET) attempts to provide assistance to this search for better physical fitness and performance. OBJECTIVE: To verifying the effect on the body composition and physical performance of the students at ESPCEX (Military School for Preparation of Army Cadets) after 13 weeks of MET. METHODS: The sample was formed by 287 male students from the ESPCEX, whose average age was 18.33 ±1.26. Such students accomplished a boarding school routine, having defined schedules, meals and activities from which they were only released during the weekends. The MET was accomplished five days a week and it comprised both aerobic and resistance training. Measurement of body mass, height, skinfold (triceps, abdominal and suprailiac) was accomplished during pre and post training periods, and the following tests were performed: 12-minutes-run, oblique sit up, arm push up and pull up. Fat percentage, fat-free body mass and fat body mass were calculated using the anthropometric data based on the Guedes 3 skinfold protocol. RESULTS: Significant reduction in fat body mass, fat percentage and in triceptal and abdominal skinfold, as well as increase in suprailiac skinfold and fat-free body mass was observed when anthropometric and body composition data were compared, during the initial and the final periods of training. Significant improvement also occurred in all prformed physical tests, in which better performance was achieved. CONCLUSION: The acquired data suggest that performance of MET 5 days a week brought significantly improved body composition as well as physical performance

A educação física na educação infantil e as relações de gênero : educando crianças ou meninos e meninas?

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Bem-vinda à escola : o ingresso da criança no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental sob o olhar docente e a perspectiva do brincar

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

A Educação Ambiental nos encontros do Congo com os cotidianos escolares de uma Escola Municipal da Barra do Jucu, Vila Velha, ES

A pesquisa “A Educação Ambiental nos encontros do Congo com os cotidianos escolares de uma Escola Municipal da Barra do Jucu, Vila Velha, ES” se apoia na produção narrativa em Educação Ambiental com os cotidianos, com a intenção de problematizar os saberes e fazeres socioambientais produzidos nos encontros entre a produção cultural do congo com as práticas escolares cotidianas. Com as conversas e narrativas dos sujeitos da pesquisa, alunos(as), professores(as), congueiros(as), pais de alunos e outros representantes da comunidade escolar, problematizamos e mapeamos esses saberesfazeres socioambientais, bem como compreendemos suas diferentes traduções. Os cotidianos escolares são considerados espaços de burla às hierarquizações culturais, ambientais, sociais e curriculares, por serem espaços privilegiados de práticas curriculares que vão além das propostas instituídas, e enfatizamos como o entorno da escola com suas especificidades locais se constituem potências para a produção de saberes e a criação de currículos cotidianamente. As oficinas de congo que acontecem na Escola Municipal da Barra do Jucu foram acompanhadas e mostraram-se potentes para o desenvolvimento da Educação Ambiental numa perspectiva pós-colonial, que acredita na possibilidade de um pensamento que vá além da relação dicotômica cultura/natureza e da não homogeneização cultural. As produções culturais desenvolvidas nas oficinas possibilitaram “outras” alternativas para a produção de subjetividades e para trocas de saberes socioambientais e culturais, baseados na solidariedade que potencializa práticas sociais sustentáveis.

Ação mediada em aulas de Biologia : um enfoque a partir dos conceitos de fotossíntese e respiração celular

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar o papel da ação mediada na configuração dos sentidos que perpassam um processo de interação discursiva em uma sala de aula de Biologia, da 1ª série do ensino médio, de uma escola pública estadual do município de Vitória-ES, durante aulas que visavam abordar os conceitos de fotossíntese e respiração celular. Para isso, apoiamo-nos na tese de que a ação mediada qualificada como organizada, dialógica, compreensiva e interativa favorece a formação desses conceitos científicos por alunos de ensino médio. Assim, partimos de uma concepção teórico-metodológica ancorada na matriz histórico-cultural. A pesquisa-ação crítico-colaborativa foi utilizada como aporte metodológico e os instrumentos de coleta de dados se basearam em observações do cotidiano escolar e da sala de aula com registros em diários de campo, filmagem das aulas em vídeo, questionários, provas escritas dos alunos e entrevistas reflexivas. As análises dos dados se basearam na análise microgenética proposta por Vigotski, complementada com uma análise compreensiva ancorada nas ideias de Bakhtin. Dois grandes eixos de análise foram delimitados: 1 - a ação mediada no trabalho com os alunos; 2 - os enunciados e sentidos produzidos durante o processo da pesquisa na perspectiva da professora. Os resultados revelam evidências de que a ação mediada qualificada como intencional, organizada, dialógica, compreensiva e interativa favorece a formação dos conceitos científicos de fotossíntese e respiração celular por alunos do ensino médio, promovendo um ensino fecundo, na concepção defendida por Vigotski. Os resultados indicam também que o processo de pesquisa-ação crítico- colaborativa apresentou resultados positivos no que concerne à formação continuada da professora de Biologia. Concluímos que se fazem necessários investimentos em programas de formação de professores que procuram articular escola e universidade, integrando formação inicial e continuada de professores. Para isso, defendemos que esse processo de formação seja feito dentro de uma perspectiva crítica e colaborativa, baseada em uma ação mediada intencional e dialógica que favoreça o desenvolvimento de um ensino fecundo

Pronatec e as artes de governar : capturas e apropriações em uma Escola Técnica Federal do Espírito Santo

A pesquisa apresentada nesta dissertação buscou analisar um programa governamental de educação profissional, o Programa Nacional de Acesso ao Ensino Técnico e Emprego (Pronatec), priorizando uma de suas ações: o Pronatec Bolsa-Formação, na sua execução em um campus do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo. Tecemos aliança com Foucault para compreender as artes de governar. Junto com autoras/es do campo da educação profissional, realçamos aspectos do Pronatec que, em nossa análise, compõem a governamentalidade neoliberal configurando-se como procedimento de gestão da pobreza, de fragilização do direito à educação para jovens e adultas/os e de fortalecimento do mercado de formação. Dedicamo-nos também a perceber como tal programa se efetiva e os efeitos que produz no cotidiano da escola, bem como as práticas produzidas nos processos de formação por servidoras/es e estudantes que estão ou não nele envolvidas/os. Se para nós é de fundamental importância compreender a racionalidade que opera em tal política de qualificação profissional e inclusão de jovens e adultas/os trabalhadoras/es, produzindo efeitos sobre nossas vidas, igualmente importante é pensar as práticas que estamos produzindo na relação com ela. Assim, ao localizarmos nossa análise no cruzamento entre a formulação governamental e a vida dos sujeitos, pretendemos estar atentas/os à multiplicidade e heterogeneidade que compõem a realidade na qual estamos decisivamente implicadas/os.

Entre imagens cinema e imagens escola, movimentando o pensamento com a formação de professores

A presente pesquisa aborda o estudo dos movimentos do pensamento nas redes formação com professores no Ensino Fundamental. Procura problematizar a constituição de processos formativos não dogmáticos nos cotidianos escolares, pela articulação de imagens cinema e imagens escola, exibidas, compartilhadas e criadas nas redes de conversações em uma escola municipal de Vitória/ES, entre os anos de 2013 a 2014. Apresenta um campo problemático que se dedica a compreender que movimentos do pensamento são produzidos a partir do uso de imagens cinema nas redes de conversações com professores em formação continuada, a partir de uma cartografia de pesquisa que articula o mapeamento de virtualidades presentes no banco de teses da CAPES e as cinecartografias do cotidiano escolar em duas dobras do tempo. Tece um debate teórico que se compõe pelas linhas de pensamento, principalmente, de Bergson (2006a; 2006b), Carvalho (2008; 2009; 2010; 2012) Deleuze (1988; 1991; 1992; 1995; 1996; 2003; 2006; 2007; 2010; 2011), Foucault (1979; 1999. 2006a; 2006b; 2008), Guéron (2010; 2011), Pelbart (2011), Sauvagnargues (2009), dentre outros. As opções teórico-metodológicas estabelecem uma pesquisa de campo na intercessão entre os estudos com o cotidiano escolar e os da pesquisa cartográfica, tomando o plano de imanência como mundo material para a ocorrência de acontecimentos. Utiliza, para a produção de dados a observação participante, os registros em diário de campo, considerados como uma descrição cristalina, assim como, as narrativas cristalinas que emergiam nas redes de conversações com as personagens-escolas (docentes), que se configuram como imagensnarrativas de pesquisa. Organiza o debate dos dados produzidos em sete capítulos. Apresenta como considerações três principais agrupamentos do movimento do pensamento nas redes de conversações com professores provocados pelas imagens cinema: cinescola-clichês, imagensformação docente e cristaisescolas. Destaca que não há uma realidade que comporte uma só verdade sobre a formação com professores, mas o que existe são cortes, percepções, afecções e produções de verdades que entrelaçam os diferentes modos de existir e reexistir na educação brasileira. As telasescolas, assim como as telas do cinema, apresentam e nos cercam com um mundo que articula um cinescola-clichê, imagensformação docente e cristaisescolas, que para além do pensamento reto e dogmático, exibem entre imagens cinema e imagens escolas, outros movimentos do pensamento com a formação de professores, sendo capazes de potencializar as pesquisas educacionais a não ir em ‘busca de um tempo perdido, mas de um tempo a ser redescoberto’, fazendo crer ainda mais nesse mundo e na educação.

Avaliação externa de escolas e avaliação externa de aprendizagens no contexto institucional: um estudo paralelo sobre Brasil e Portugal

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Educação (área de especialização em Desenvolvimento Curricular e Inovação Educativa)

O brincar e a criança com deficiência física na educação infantil : o que pensam as crianças e suas professoras

The present study had the purpose of examining the disabled children s way of playing on everyday situations in the CMEIs (acronym in Portuguese for City s Early Childhood Education Center ) of Natal/RN, by watching and listening to three children and their teachers, trying to understand how the games existent in these contexts involve the different subjects of the learning process, and which contributions emerge for a valuable pedagogic work, capable of providing the children s inclusion in the Early Childhood Education. This qualitative investigation was built as a case study, collecting data through watching and interviews. Throughout the observations, it was indispensable to look into the different contexts of the school routine, to capture and analyze events that could answer to what was being studied. The accessibility conditions of the school spaces were also observed. The interviews made possible to extract from the subjects what they think and how they perceive themselves when playing. The acquired data were analyzed having as counterparts contemporary studies and theories about playing, childhood and school inclusion, and published documents from the Education and Culture Department that treat of this theme as the guiding axis of the pedagogic proposes aimed to the Early Childhood Education. The revelations of the research show that is necessary to put effort on the disabled children s playing inside the context of the Early Childhood Education, regarding the accomplishment of accessibility laws that treat of school spaces and providing of equipment and resources that respect those children s characteristics, as well as providing opportunities for initial and continued training for the teachers, under the perspective of inclusive education and playing

Formando-se professor(a) da educação infantil: a escola com contexto

This work is the result of a set of experiences and reflections on teaching in kindergarten and, in particular, the issues raised by first experiences as a teacher and how these issues were being gradually answered from the experience in a school . Guided by these experiences and studies of Oliveira-Formosinho (2002) on the training of kindergarten teachers in the school context, among others as: Barreto, Kuhlmann Jr. (1998), Vasconcelos et. al. (2000); Nóvoa (1992, 1995), Moita (1995), Freire (1996), Tardif (2002, 2009) Kramer (2005) and Hargreaves, Fullan (2000), built as study questions: what situations become in the context of professional training at an institution of early childhood education? Which subjects who took part? How involved? From this perspective the goal of our work is a: to investigate, from the perspective of teachers a public kindergarten, situations of professional interaction that become the context of teacher education. The research took the principles of qualitative approach and an intrinsic case study (STAKE, 1998), whose locus was a Municipal Center for Early Childhood Education, so defined by their peculiarities for training faculty in the context of practice. We built the data with a group of nine teachers CMEI this by conducting a questionnaire, interviews and document analysis. Data analysis, guided by the principles of content analysis, allowed to note that beyond the initial training and personnel, the school context contributes to its fundamental training for teachers of kindergarten, whereas their specificities. We conclude by confirming that systematic and unsystematic in situations developed in the school routine, interaction with peers and other members of the school, the teachers take ownership of specific knowledge specific to teaching in kindergarten

Os currículos praticados no cotidiano da EJA: regulações e emancipações na Escola Centro Educacional Dr. Pedro Amorim

This research has as its object of study practiced in the daily curriculum of Youth and Adults in their midst and considered discussion of the concepts of knowledge as regulation and emancipation. The camp of our research relates to the knowing / doing the teachers of this modality of education, in the Escola Centro Educacional Dr. Amorim-CEPA, the city of Assú/RN and is articulated to the emerging desire to understand how cooperating teachers have thought, organized and practiced the curriculum in order to consider the many complex situations that are present in everyday school life. Our tour was guided by the need to study the relationship between the regulated curriculum and practiced in everyday adult education, as well as to understand, from the knowing / doing of the teachers, the conceptions that guide their teaching practices and, therefore, reflect on this Reality curriculum in order to better signify then. In this sense, we turn to the fundamentals of qualitative research, adopting the procedures of documentary research, participant observation and semi-structured interview, which allowed us to enter a universe of complex dimensions, senses, and that add significant difference, because the forms of use of various practitioners are and unique, in that enroll in school life and define their brand identities. The predominance of a traditional teaching practice nature by a process of training and teaching experience, the lines of flight, volatilities and inventiveness promoted by the circumstances of everyday life are some of the conclusions we draw from the data collected. This reality, we infer that the practice of teachers varies between regulation and emancipation, being this time, many challenges to be faced, namely the process of continuing education, the conceptual understanding of the subject curriculum and the existence of relational different knowing / doing produced, used and created in/from the school routine of Youth and Adults

Análise de necessidades de formação: uma prática reveladora de objetivos da formação docente

In recent years, in Brazil, researches in the area of education have been focused on the study of the necessities of formation, by the practice of necessity analysis, to subside the continued teacher formation programs. This research on the necessity of the formation of literacy teachers in the initial years of primary education originated in our discussions in academia, regarding the issues of retention and evasion related to basic literacy teaching in Brazilian public schools. We defined as a goal: to know the necessities of the formation of literacy teachers from Odila Leite Municipal Elementary School, Natal/RN, which focuses on the literacy teaching on that level of education and in Adult and Youth Education. The object is the necessities in these teachers formation. The thesis is that the literacy teacher reveals/constructs formation necessities when speaking of her practice, when exerting said practice or even when producing teaching materials which subside that practice; in other words, when making the theoretical/practical relation related to literacy teaching. The approach is qualitative, according to which the natural environment is the source for data collection; the focus of interest is the process of knowledge construction, and fundamental importance is given to the meanings constructed by the subjects. We comprehended that necessity is a socially constructed subjective phenomenon, and that necessity analysis allows the revelation of formation objectives. We used the case study as a methodological strategy which permits: studying a well-defined entity, [ ] as well as an academic institution; the global comprehension of the phenomenon of interest; discovering what is most essential and characteristic in the object. We counted with 17 teachers, 3 of which had their teaching practices observed. We observed the school routine, analyzed the main class documents and plans and interviewed the 17 teachers. We triangulated the data obtained by the routine observation, the observation of the three teachers practices and by the document analysis, next, we triangulated this data with the data from the analyzing the interviews with the 17 teachers. Such procedures reveal formation necessities in those teachers , such as: studying child cognitive development; reviewing the concepts of literacy teaching; reviewing fundaments of written language psychogenesis; reflecting on reading practices and literature; reflecting on the practice of daily planning; reflecting on the school s material conditions and the family/school relation. We concluded that researches of this nature contribute to the orientation of teacher formation programs

Formação de professores, saberes, reflexividade e apropriação da cultura digital no Projeto Um Computador por Aluno (UCA)

This study investigates teacher training and cognitive practice of teachers in a Basic Education school that adopted the Project One Computer per Student (OCS) in their school routine. Its relevance consists in provide directions for the continuation of training activities on the Project and guide the teachers with their pedagogical practices using the laptop model one to one. The thesis defended is that the educator formation for social using of digital media (specially the laptops from the Project UCA) gives space to establish new sociotechnical relationships, of new social and professionals practices, new identitary components and a process of reflexivity and knowledge reconstruction to teach. We reaffirm the importance of reflexivity and appropriation of digital culture for the better development of teaching practice using the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), giving focus to the aspects of social and professional use of the technology. The study is part of the qualitative aspect and is a procedural tracking based on principles of ethnographic research. As procedures and methodological tools, were used: intensive observation of school environments, documental analysis, focal group, semi-structured questionnaires and semi-structured individual interviews. The research was held in a public school in the city of Parnamirim - RN. The subject sample relates to 17 teachers, coming from the elementary school I and II, Youth and Adult Education and High School, who went through the process of training UCA and having entered the laptops in their teaching. The research corpus is structured based on the messages built into the process of data collection and is analyzed based on principles of Content Analysis, specified by Laurence Bardin (2011). Was taken as theoretical reference studies by Tardif (2000; 2011), Pimenta (2009), Gorz (2004, 2005), Giddens (1991), Dewey, J. (1916), Boudieu (1994; 1999), Freire (1996; 2005), among others. The analysis indicates a process of reconstruction / revision of knowledge to teach and work in digital culture, being these knowledges guided by the experience of the subjects investigated. The reconstructed knowledges will be revealed from a categorization process. The following groups of knowledges: "technical knowledges", "didactic-methodological knowledges and knowledges of professionalization" were built on the assumption of ownership of digital culture in the educational context. The analysis confirms the appearance of new ways of sociability when acquiring other forms of acting and thinking ICTs, despite the environment adverse to the reflexivity shared among the teachers. Also reveals, based on the ownership concept present on the data analysis, the construction of meanings of belonging and transformation of individuals into social routes from the interweaving of the teaching practice with the digital culture. Emphasizes, finally, the importance of a training for use of ICTs that exceeds the instrumentation, in other words, what we call "technical knowledges", but taking on its structural basis the shared reflection, the opening for the ressignificance (new meaning) and reconstruction of new knowledges and practices and that really allows, to the teacher, the living of an experience capable of providing socio-technical transformations of their relationships

A participação das mães no conselho escolar do CMEI Amor de Mãe

This research aims to study the participation of mothers in the School Council of the Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil Amor de Mãe. The goal is to understand the relationship among concepts that mothers have and their practices as advisors. The historical-philosophical approach taken along the research permitted working with real people and not those derived or idealized ones. It searched an approximation of the mode of being and living of the councilor mothers in their homes, and the concepts and practices in the School Council. It was inspired by ethnographic researches to describe data, habits, cultural practices, meanings and values of people involved. As sources of research, we used: interviews with mothers and school staff; documentary and photographic collection of CMEI Amor de Mãe; local and national legislation; notebooks of the National Program for the Strengthening of School Council (2004); data bank of dissertations and theses of the Post-Graduate Program in Education of the UFRN dealing with democratic management and the relationship school and family. The study indicates the existence of a narrative of the school community that shows mothers as "missing" or "passive" and a practice that point out to how people participate actively in the school routine. This contradiction reveals the existence of a historically constructed school mindset that is rooted in a model of family and school that differs from the reality found in CMEI Amor de Mãe and how families served by CMEI Amor de Mãe organize themselves. It is recommended that the school community and families reorganize the conceptions that guide their practices in educating and caring for children with whom they live and work to make progress together in managing this process