Heinrich Schliemann und seine homerische Welt.

Mode of access: Internet.

Schliemann's excavations; an archaeological and historical study.

Mode of access: Internet.

La lengua de los héroes griegos de la guerra de Troya

Resumen basado en el de la publicación.

N-Acetylcysteine protects the peritoneum from the injury induced by hypertonic dialysis solution

Background: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of peritoneal damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in a rat peritoneal infusion model. Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided in 3 groups: (i) control group; (ii) HDS group, receiving peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS); and (iii) HDS+NAC group, receiving PDS and oral NAC. Six weeks later they were evaluated for dialysate to plasma urea ratio (D/P), ratio of glucose concentration in peritoneal fluid (G1/G0), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in plasma and urine and histology of peritoneal membrane. Results: The HDS+NAC group presented a lower increase in solute transport (D/P 0.51 +/- 0.1, and G1/GO 0.35 +/- 0.06) in comparison with the HDS group (D/P 0.67 +/- 0.1; p=0.03, and G1/G0 0.27 +/- 0.07; p=0.01). The HDS+NAC group showed lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substance concentrations compared with the HDS group. In the treated group, the peritoneal membrane presented lower thickness. Conclusions: Functional and histological peritoneal changes were significantly reduced by the treatment with NAC.

The Decisive Step in Betaxanthin Biosynthesis Is a Spontaneous Reaction1

Experiments were performed to confirm that the aldimine bond formation is a spontaneous reaction, because attempts to find an enzyme catalyzing the last decisive step in betaxanthin biosynthesis, the aldimine formation, failed. Feeding different amino acids to betalain-forming hairy root cultures of yellow beet (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris “Golden Beet”) showed that all amino acids (S- and R-forms) led to the corresponding betaxanthins. We observed neither an amino acid specificity nor a stereoselectivity in this process. In addition, increasing the endogenous phenylalanine (Phe) level by feeding the Phe ammonia-lyase inhibitor 2-aminoindan 2-phosphonic acid yielded the Phe-derived betaxanthin. Feeding amino acids or 2-aminoindan 2-phosphonic acid to hypocotyls of fodder beet (B. vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris “Altamo”) plants led to the same results. Furthermore, feeding cyclo-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-alanine (cyclo-Dopa) to these hypocotyls resulted in betanidin formation, indicating that the decisive step in betacyanin formation proceeds spontaneously. Finally, feeding betalamic acid to broad bean (Vicia faba L.) seedlings, which are known to accumulate high levels of Dopa but do not synthesize betaxanthins, resulted in the formation of dopaxanthin. These results indicate that the condensation of betalamic acid with amino acids (possibly including cyclo-Dopa or amines) in planta is a spontaneous, not an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

Mycenae; a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenae and Tiryns.

Reprint of the 1880 ed.

Die Clementinen nebst den verwandten Schriften und der Ebionitismus : ein Beitrag zur Kirchen= und Dogmengeschichte der ersten Jahrhunderte.

Mode of access: Internet.

Conspectus fungorum in Lusatiae Superioris agro Niskiensi crescentium, e methodo Persooniana /

"Cum tabulis XII aeneis pictis, species novas XCIII sistentibus."

Tiryns; der prähistorische palast der könige von Tiryns, ergebnisse der neuesten ausgrabungen,

Mode of access: Internet.

Ancient History pamphlets

A collection of miscellaneous pamphlets.

Ilios. The city and country of the Trojans: the results of researches and discoveries on the site of Troy and through the Troad in the years 1871-72-73-78-79; including an autobiography of the author.

Mode of access: Internet.

Athens, the violet-crowned,

Athens, the violet-crowned.--Saunterings and suprises.--The Acropolis.--The Eleusinian mysteries.--The story of Dr. Schliemann.--The archæological schools in Athens.--Greek sculpture and philosophy.--Contemporary literature in Greece.--Ethical poetry of Greece.--The charm of Corfu.--The royal family of Greece.--The progress of Greece.--The first century of Greek independence.