Macroalgal introductions by hull fouling on recreational vessels: Seaweeds and sailors

Macroalgal invasions in coastal areas have been a growing concern during the past decade. The present study aimed to assess the role of hull fouling on recreational yachts as a vector for macroalgal introductions. Questionnaire and hull surveys were carried out in marinas in France and Spain. The questionnaires revealed that the majority of yacht owners are aware of seaweed introductions, usually undertake short range journeys, dry dock their boat at least once a year, and use antifouling paints. The hull survey showed that many in-service yachts were completely free of macroalgae. When present, fouling assemblages consisted mainly of one to two macroalgal species. The most commonly found species was the tolerant green seaweed Ulva flexuosa. Most of the other species found are also cosmopolitan and opportunistic. A few nonnative and potentially invasive Ceramiales (Rhodophyta) were found occasionally on in-service yachts. On the basis of the information gathered during interviews of yacht owners in the surveyed area, these occurrences are likely to be uncommon. However they can pose a significant risk of primary or secondary introductions of alien macroalgal species, especially in the light of the increase in yachting activities. With large numbers of recreational yachts and relatively rare occurrences of nonnative species on hulls, comprehensive screening programs do not seem justified or practical. The risks of transferring nonnative species may, however, be minimized by encouraging the behaviors that prevent fouling on hulls and by taking action against neglected boats before they can act as vectors.

The gallant deeds of our naval heroes : told for boys and girls : including the adventures of Captain Paul Jones, Commodore Perry, commodore Decatur, Admiral Farragut, Admiral Dewey, and many others of America's brave sailors who won glory in battles at home and abroad; also the story of the ships made famous by great battles and great captains /

Mode of access: Internet.

Roster of Cuyahoga county soldiers, sailors and marines wounded in action, killed in action, died of wounds [or] gassed. : World war 1914-18 /

"These data ... were taken from the 'Official roster' of Ohio soldiers, sailors and marines participating in the world war, as published by the state of Ohio."--Pref.

The sailors whom Nelson led : their doings described by themselves /

Includes index.

Report from the Joint Select Committee of the House of Lords and the House of Commons on Charitable Agencies for Relief of Widows and Orphans of Soldiers and Sailors; together with the proceedings of the committee, minutes of evidence, appendix and index ...

Mode of access: Internet.

A list of the soldiers, sailors, and marines of the Civil War surviving and resident in Massachusetts on April 1, 1915,

Mode of access: Internet.

A grammar of the English language, in a series of letters : intended for the use of schools and of young persons in general ; but more especially for the use of soldiers, sailors, apprentices, and plough-boys /

Title on spine: Cobbett's grammar.

Napoleon the gaoler; personal experiences and adventures of British sailors and soldiers during the great captivity,

Publisher's catalogue (31 pages) at end.

Yankee ships and Yankee sailors : tales of 1812 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Five hundred curious and interesting narratives and anecdotes : comprising The wonderful book, The anecdote book, Sailors' yarns, Salmagundi, and The domestic manners of the Americans.

Title vignette.

The Soldiers' and sailors' half-dime tales of the late Rebellion.

Mode of access: Internet.

The Sailors' Union of the Pacific /

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 1922.

An imperial obligation: Industrial villages for partially disabled soldiers & sailors;

Mode of access: Internet.