Interlaminar differences in the pyramidal cell phenotype in cortical areas 7m and STP (the superior temporal polysensory area) of the macaque monkey

Pyramidal neurones were injected with Lucifer Yellow in slices cut tangential to the surface of area 7m and the superior temporal polysensory area (STP) of the macaque monkey. Comparison of the basal dendritic arbors of supra- and infragranular pyramidal neurones (n=139) that were injected in the same putative modules in the different cortical areas revealed variation in their structure. Moreover, there were relative differences in dendritic morphology of supra- and infragranular pyramidal neurones in the two cortical areas. Shell analyses revealed that layer III pyramidal neurones in area STP had considerably higher peak complexity (maximum number of dendritic intersections per Shell circle) than those in layer V, whereas peak complexities were similar for supra- and infragranular pyramidal neurones in area 7m. In both cortical areas, the basal dendritic trees of layer m pyramidal neurones were characterized by a higher spine density than those in layer V. Calculations of the total number of dendritic spines in the average basal dendritic arbor revealed that layer V pyramidal neurones in area 7m had twice as many spines as cells in layer III. (4535 and 2294, respectively). A similar calculation for neurones in area STP revealed that layer III pyramidal neurones had approximately the same number of spines as cells in layer V (3585 and 3850 spines, respectively). Relative differences in the branching patterns of, and the number of spines in, the basal dendritic arbors of supra- and infragranular pyramidal neurones in the different cortical areas may allow for integration of different numbers of inputs, and different degrees of dendritic processing. These results support the thesis that intra-areal circuitry differs in different cortical areas.

A produção alimentar mundial e a dependência de Cabo Verde e STP em relação às condições do mercado mundial

Os maiores exportadores de cereais são empresas americanas que, entre 2002 e 2006, efectuavam metade das exportações mundiais de milho, mais de oitenta por cento do arroz e um quarto do trigo. Apesar de estas exportações não representarem mais de 12% da produção mundial, o domínio exercido por estas empresas sobre a cadeia de valor da produção alimentar torna-as os actores mais influentes dos mercados, tanto de alimentos processados, como de cereais. Os pequenos estados, como São Tomé e Príncipe e Cabo Verde estão dependentes do abastecimento alimentar e são vulneráveis às variações dos preços que afectam o seu rendimento nacional e o bem-estar das comunidades locais. Surpreendentemente, o impacto no mercado local da subida internacional dos preços dos produtos alimentares, entre 2003 e 2008, foi menor que a que seria de esperar face à magnitude da variação dos preços internacionais. Tal observação permite reconhecer a importância do estudo dos factores internos que resistem às ameaças da conjuntura externa, em particular, aquelas que podem ameaçar as condições de vida das comunidades mais vulneráveis

Relações entre as fonologias das línguas crioulas de STP e a ‘proposta ortográfica’ ALUSTP

Neste trabalho, discutirei as relações entre as fonologias das línguas crioulas de São Tomé e Príncipe (stp) e o anteprojeto da proposta ortográfica unificada do Alfabeto Unificado para a Escrita das Línguas Nativas de S. Tomé e Príncipe (alustp): o São-tomense (Fôlo ou Forro), o Angolar (ou Ngola) e o Principense (Lung’iê). Assim, apresentarei, em primeiro lugar, as ‘ortografias autorais’ utilizadas anteriormente e, em seguida, mostrarei as principais características do alustp, destacando os seus pontos positivos e negativos. Tanto em stp como em outros países da África, o planejamento linguístico das línguas crioulas mostra-se problemático devido a questões relativas à oficialização, à manutenção, à codificação e à padronização destas línguas, que comumente convivem em ambientes multilíngues e/ou em situação de diglossia. Contudo, propostas ortográficas oficiais têm se mostrado de grande importância, posto que o uso de material linguístico (como gramáticas, dicionários etc.) auxilia o aprendizado das línguas crioulas nas escolas e as tornam línguas de prestígio

Mississippi Drive (Iowa 92) from Main Street to the Norbert F. Beckey Bridge in Muscatine, Iowa, STP-U-5330(614)—27-70, Muscatine County, 2015

The proposed action consists of upgrading Mississippi Drive (Iowa Highway 92) through downtown Muscatine, Iowa. The Mississippi Drive Corridor Project begins south of the Main Street/Grandview Avenue intersection, continuing to the East 2nd Street/Norbert F. Beckey Bridge intersection, which marks the end of the project. It passes through a mix of commercial, residential, Central Business District and industrial land uses. The total length of the project is approximately 1.6 miles, including 19 intersections (6 with traffic signals). Refer to the vicinity map on Figure 1. The current roadway is a 3- to 4-lane, urban facility with both divided and undivided medians. The roadway, ranging from 40 to 64 feet wide, is considered difficult to cross for pedestrians, especially for small children or elderly. The width of this roadway is being considered to be narrowed to improve the accessibility to the downtown from the Mississippi River riverfront area by pedestrians. This project also includes accommodations for bicycles and pedestrians and measures to reduce flooding on the roadway.

West 1 St Street/ IA 57 from Highland Drive to Center Street/Franklin Street, Blackhawk County, Iowa, Project # STP-57-2(28)--2C-07, Environmental Assessment and Section 4(f) De Minimis Impact Finding, 2015

From Proposed Action: "Iowa Northland Regional Council of Governments (INRCOG) and the City of Cedar Falls, in coordination with the Iowa Department of Transportation (Iowa DOT) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), are proposing to upgrade and modernize an approximate 4,900-foot segment of Iowa Highway 57 (IA 57), locally known as West 1st Street, in Cedar Falls, Black Hawk County, Iowa."

Substâncias tóxicas persistentes (STP) no Brasil

The present article presents an assessment of PTS in Brazil including polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene hexachloride, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, p,p,-DDT, p,p,DDE, p,p,-DDD, hexachlorocyclohexanes (alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, gamma-HCH and delta-HCH), endossulfan, heptachlor and pentachlorophenol. The data presented here are related to a survey of PTS levels in different environmental matrixes (soil, sediment, water, air, biota) and human tissues (milk, blood, human hair), according to the scope of the UNEP-GEF Regionally Based Assessment of PTSs. Potential sources were evaluated considering national products and imports, since most of the literature does not allow source identification. Finally, Brazilian legislation was updated.

Recent research data on the removal of pharmaceuticals from sewage treatment plants (STP)

Pharmaceutical compounds have been detected in sewage treatment plant (STP) effluents, surface waters and, less frequently, in groundwater and drinking water, all over the world. Different sources are responsible for their appearance in the aquatic environment, however, it is widely accepted that the main sources of this type of pollutant are STP effluents. The adverse effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment include aquatic toxicity, development of resistance in pathogenic bacteria, genotoxicity and endocrine disruption. Thus, the discharge of these compounds to the environment in STP effluents should be minimized.

CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL USE OF SLUDGE FROM STP AND WTP IN PAVING

ABSTRACT Water and sewage treatment plants (STP and WTP) generate as byproduct a significant amount of sludge with environment harmful elements. Sending to landfills or depositing on the ground or rivers are respectively expensive and dangerous alternatives. In this scenario, the use of this waste in paving processes is a promising alternative for disposal thereof. In this study, we focused on characterizing sludge and evaluating its use in paving, which showed satisfactory results for use in base and sub-base floors.

STP National curriculum mathematics: 9A.

Este libro cumple las expectativas de los alumnos de matemáticas en relación a los exámenes de secundaria (KS3) para obtener el General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE). Los temas del libro son: trabajando con números, probabilidad, porcentajes, ratio y proporción, productos algebraicos, desigualdades, factores algebraicos, organizando y resumiendo datos, fórmulas, sistema de ecuaciones, ecuaciones de segundo grado, gráficos, áreas y volúmenes, transformaciones, figuras similares, trigonometría: tangente de un ángulo, el seno y el coseno de un ángulo, geometría.

STP National Curriculum Mathematics 8A.

Este libro cumple las expectativas de los alumnos de matemáticas en relación a los exámenes de secundaria (KS3) para obtener el General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE). Los temas del libro son: trabajando con números, probabilidad, multiplicación y división de fracciones, fracciones y porcentajes, ratio, polígonos, áreas de triángulos, gráficos, circunferencia y área de un círculo, fórmulas, reflexiones, traducciones y rotaciones (rotación de un objeto sobre un punto), ecuaciones, gráficos de línea recta, gráficos curvados, datos continuos, teorema de Pitágoras, volúmenes, relaciones entre distancia, velocidad y tiempo.

Substâncias tóxicas persistentes (STP) no Brasil

The present article presents an assessment of PTS in Brazil including polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene hexachloride, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, p,p,-DDT, p,p,DDE, p,p,-DDD, hexachlorocyclohexanes (alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, gamma-HCH and delta-HCH), endossulfan, heptachlor and pentachlorophenol. The data presented here are related to a survey of PTS levels in different environmental matrixes (soil, sediment, water, air, biota) and human tissues (milk, blood, human hair), according to the scope of the UNEP-GEF Regionally Based Assessment of PTSs. Potential sources were evaluated considering national products and imports, since most of the literature does not allow source identification. Finally, Brazilian legislation was updated.