Predication, propagation, and mediation SFL, CDA, and the inculcation of evaluative meaning systems

In this chapter I propose a theoretical framework for understanding the role of mediation processes in the inculcation, maintenance, and change of evaluative meaning systems, or axiologies, and how such a perspective can provide a useful and complementary dimension to analysis for SFL and CDA. I argue that an understanding of mediation—the movement of meaning across time and space—is essential for the analysis of meaning. Using two related texts as examples, I show how an understanding of mediation can aid SFL and CDA practitioners in the analysis of social change.

Widening the context for interdisciplinary social research : SFL as a method for sociology, anthropology, and communication research

In this paper, I show clear links between the theoretical underpinnings of SFL and those of specific sociological, anthropological, and communication research traditions. My purpose in doing so is to argue that SFL is an excellent interdisciplinary research method for the social sciences, especially considering the emergent form of political economy being touted by new media enthusiasts: the so called knowledge (or information) economy. To demonstrate the flexibility and salience of SFL in diverse traditions of social research, and as evidence of its ability to be deployed as a flexible research method across formerly impermeable disciplinary and social boundaries, I use analyses from my doctoral research, relating these - theoretically speaking - to specific research traditions in sociology, communication, and anthropology.

SFL och översättningsforskning

Abstract (SFL and translation studies): In this paper, the study of translation is seen as a study of texts and discourses. It is argued that systemic-functional linguistics gives both a theoretical framework to discuss variation in text and variation in situational and cultural context, as well as an analytical toolkit to use to compare texts with each other. The same systemic-functional framework can hence be used to analyse both directly written texts and translations.

The development of ISSR-derived SCAR markers around the Seasonal Flowering Locus (SFL) in fragaria vesca

Fragaria vesca is a short-lived perennial with a seasonal-flowering habit. Seasonality of flowering is widespread in the Rosaceae and is also found in the majority of temperate polycarpic perennials. Genetic analysis has shown that seasonal flowering is controlled by a single gene in F. vesca, the SEASONAL FLOWERING LOCUS (SFL). Here, we report progress towards the marker-assisted selection and positional cloning of SFL, in which three ISSR markers linked to SFL were converted to locus-specific sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR1–SCAR3) markers to allow large-scale screening of mapping progenies. We believe this is the first study describing the development of SCAR markers from ISSR profiles. The work also provides useful insight into the nature of polymorphisms generated by the ISSR marker system. Our results indicate that the ISSR polymorphisms originally detected were probably caused by point mutations in the positions targeted by primer anchors (causing differential PCR failure), by indels within the amplicon (leading to variation in amplicon size) and by internal sequence differences (leading to variation in DNA folding and so in band mobility). The cause of the original ISSR polymorphism was important in the selection of appropriate strategies for SCAR-marker development. The SCAR markers produced were mapped using a F. vesca f. vesca × F. vesca f. semperflorens testcross population. Marker SCAR2 was inseparable from the SFL, whereas SCAR1 mapped 3.0 cM to the north of the gene and SCAR3 1.7 cM to its south.

Invasive coronary treatment strategies for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a consensus statement from the European association for percutaneous cardiovascular interventions (EAPCI)/stent for life (SFL) groups

Due to significant improvement in the pre-hospital treatment of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), an increasing number of initially resuscitated patients are being admitted to hospitals. Because of the limited data available and lack of clear guideline recommendations, experts from the EAPCI and "Stent for Life" (SFL) groups reviewed existing literature and provided practical guidelines on selection of patients for immediate coronary angiography (CAG), PCI strategy, concomitant antiplatelet/anticoagulation treatment, haemodynamic support and use of therapeutic hypothermia. Conscious survivors of OHCA with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) should be treated according to recommendations for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and high-risk non-ST-segment elevation -ACS (NSTE-ACS) without OHCA and should undergo immediate (if STEMI) or rapid (less than two hours if NSTE-ACS) coronary invasive strategy. Comatose survivors of OHCA with ECG criteria for STEMI on the post-resuscitation ECG should be admitted directly to the catheterisation laboratory. For patients without STEMI ECG criteria, a short "emergency department or intensive care unit stop" is advised to exclude non-coronary causes. In the absence of an obvious non-coronary cause, CAG should be performed as soon as possible (less than two hours), in particular in haemodynamically unstable patients. Immediate PCI should be mainly directed towards the culprit lesion if identified. Interventional cardiologists should become an essential part of the "survival chain" for patients with OHCA. There is a need to centralise the care of patients with OHCA to experienced centres.

Technocratic discourse : a primer

This article describes the linguistic and semantic features of technocratic discourse using a Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) framework. The article goes further to assert that the function of technocratic discourse in public policy is to advocate and promulgate a highly contentious political and economic agenda under the guise of scientific objectivity and political impartiality. We provide strong evidence to support the linguistic description, and the claims of political advocacy, by analyzing a 900-word document about globalization produced by the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT). Bernard McKenna, Philip Graham

Mapping the language of science and science teaching practices : a case study of early childhood school science

Concerns raised in educational reports about school science in terms of students. outcomes and attitudes, as well as science teaching practices prompted investigation into science learning and teaching practices at the foundational level of school science. Without science content and process knowledge, understanding issues of modern society and active participation in decision-making is difficult. This study contended that a focus on the development of the language of science could enable learners to engage more effectively in learning science and enhance their interest and attitudes towards science. Furthermore, it argued that explicit teaching practices where science language is modelled and scaffolded would facilitate the learning of science by young children at the beginning of their formal schooling. This study aimed to investigate science language development at the foundational level of school science learning in the preparatory-school with students aged five and six years. It focussed on the language of science and science teaching practices in early childhood. In particular, the study focussed on the capacity for young students to engage with and understand science language. Previous research suggests that students have difficulty with the language of science most likely because of the complexities and ambiguities of science language. Furthermore, literature indicates that tensions transpire between traditional science teaching practices and accepted early childhood teaching practices. This contention prompted investigation into means and models of pedagogy for learning foundational science language, knowledge and processes in early childhood. This study was positioned within qualitative assumptions of research and reported via descriptive case study. It was located in a preparatory-school classroom with the class teacher, teacher-aide, and nineteen students aged four and five years who participated with the researcher in the study. Basil Bernstein.s pedagogical theory coupled with Halliday.s Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) framed an examination of science pedagogical practices for early childhood science learning. Students. science learning outcomes were gauged by focussing a Hallydayan lens on their oral and reflective language during 12 science-focussed episodes of teaching. Data were collected throughout the 12 episodes. Data included video and audio-taped science activities, student artefacts, journal and anecdotal records, semi-structured interviews and photographs. Data were analysed according to Bernstein.s visible and invisible pedagogies and performance and competence models. Additionally, Halliday.s SFL provided the resource to examine teacher and student language to determine teacher/student interpersonal relationships as well as specialised science and everyday language used in teacher and student science talk. Their analysis established the socio-linguistic characteristics that promoted science competencies in young children. An analysis of the data identified those teaching practices that facilitate young children.s acquisition of science meanings. Positive indications for modelling science language and science text types to young children have emerged. Teaching within the studied setting diverged from perceived notions of common early childhood practices and the benefits of dynamic shifting pedagogies were validated. Significantly, young students demonstrated use of particular specialised components of school-science language in terms of science language features and vocabulary. As well, their use of language demonstrated the students. knowledge of science concepts, processes and text types. The young students made sense of science phenomena through their incorporation of a variety of science language and text-types in explanations during both teacher-directed and independent situations. The study informs early childhood science practices as well as practices for foundational school science teaching and learning. It has exposed implications for science education policy, curriculum and practices. It supports other findings in relation to the capabilities of young students. The study contributes to Systemic Functional Linguistic theory through the development of a specific resource to determine the technicality of teacher language used in teaching young students. Furthermore, the study contributes to methodology practices relating to Bernsteinian theoretical perspectives and has demonstrated new ways of depicting and reporting teaching practices. It provides an analytical tool which couples Bernsteinian and Hallidayan theoretical perspectives. Ultimately, it defines directions for further research in terms of foundation science language learning, ongoing learning of the language of science and learning science, science teaching and learning practices, specifically in foundational school science, and relationships between home and school science language experiences.

Betydelser i barnfamiljsbroschyrer : Systemisk-funktionell analys av den tänkta läsaren och institutionen

This thesis concerns Swedish and Finland-Swedish brochures to families with children, presenting family allowances from the social insurance institutions in the two countries. The aim of the study is to analyse what meanings are conveyed with reference to the conceivable reader and the institution in the brochures. The material consists of information brochures in Swedish from Kela, the social insurance institution of Finland, and Försäkringskassan, the Swedish social insurance agency, issued during 2003–2006. The general theoretical framework is systemic-functional linguistics (SFL) as presented by Halliday & Matthiessen (2004) and Holmberg & Karlsson (2006). The study consists of a quantitative study of the lexical choices of the social insurance brochures. Furthermore, a qualitative process and participant analysis is annotated with the UAM Corpus tool and the results are quantified. Speech functions and modal auxiliaries are analysed qualitatively. The analysis shows that material and relational processes are most common. The relational and verbal processes are used more in the Sweden-Swedish brochures, while the material processes are more common in the Finland-Swedish brochures. The participants in the brochures are the institution, mentioned by its name, and the conceivable reader, directly addressed with “you” (du). In addition, the referent “child” is often mentioned. The participants assigned for the reader are Actor, Receiver, Carrier and Speaker. In the Finland-Swedish texts, the reader is often an Actor, while the reader in the Sweden-Swedish texts is a Carrier. Thus, the conceivable reader is an active participant who takes care of his or her own matters using the internet, communicates actively to the institution and has legal rights and obligations. The institution is visible in the texts but does not have an active role as the name of the institution is mostly used in circumstances. The institution is not often a participant, but when it is, it is Actor, Receiver, Listener and Carrier, expecting the clients to address it. Speech functions are performed in different ways. For instance, questions structure the reading process and commands are realised by modal auxiliaries, not by imperatives. The most common modal auxiliary is kan (can, may), and another common auxiliary is ska (shall, must). Statements are surrounded by subordinate clauses and adverbs that describe situations and criteria. The results of the study suggest that the brochures in the two countries are similar, in particular when produced in similar ways, that is, when the Finland-Swedish texts are not translated. Existing differences reflect the differences in the institutions, the social insurance systems and the cultural contexts. KEYWORDS: Finland-Swedish, Swedish, comparative analysis, SFL, discourse analysis, administrative language, institutional discourse, institutional communication

Secret Squirrel Stuff in the Australian Curriculum English: The genesis of the ‘new’ grammar

In much the same way that a squirrel stores a range of food in a range of places, the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority’s (ACARA) Australian Curriculum: English (ACARA, 2015) stores references to grammar in a range of places. This paper explores some seemingly ‘hidden’ grammars within the AC:E to (re)discover their genesis and how they unfold across Foundation to Year 6. The first ‘Secret Squirrel’ moment centres on the introduction of a new grammar which weaves traditional Latin-based and Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory. The second ‘Secret Squirrel’ moment centres on the use of one sub-system of SFL Theory, the System of Appraisal, and its potential to provide an analytical lens for ‘reading’ the interpersonal meaning within narratives. The remainder of the paper draws on Goodson’s (1990) notion of curriculum as a social construction, paying attention to the levels of processes and (potential) practice. This part of the paper focuses on the System of Appraisal as it is introduced in the AC:E and then translates the Content Descriptions to an example analysis. One stimulus text, Melanie Watt’s (2012) children’s picture book ‘Scaredy Squirrel at the Beach’, is introduced then analysed using the System of Appraisal as an analytical lens for identifying how language choices ‘go to work’ (Macken-Horarik, 2003, p. 285) on readers, that is how Watt’s language choices are crafted so a ‘compliant’ child reader (Martin & White, 2005, p. 62) has the opportunity to ‘feel with’ and thus ‘adjudicate’ the behaviour of characters in particular ways (Macken-Horarik, 2003, p. 285).

The optoelectronic swept-frequency laser and its applications in ranging, three-dimensional imaging, and coherent beam combining of chirped-seed amplifiers

This thesis explores the design, construction, and applications of the optoelectronic swept-frequency laser (SFL). The optoelectronic SFL is a feedback loop designed around a swept-frequency (chirped) semiconductor laser (SCL) to control its instantaneous optical frequency, such that the chirp characteristics are determined solely by a reference electronic oscillator. The resultant system generates precisely controlled optical frequency sweeps. In particular, we focus on linear chirps because of their numerous applications. We demonstrate optoelectronic SFLs based on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and distributed-feedback lasers (DFBs) at wavelengths of 1550 nm and 1060 nm. We develop an iterative bias current predistortion procedure that enables SFL operation at very high chirp rates, up to 10^16 Hz/sec. We describe commercialization efforts and implementation of the predistortion algorithm in a stand-alone embedded environment, undertaken as part of our collaboration with Telaris, Inc. We demonstrate frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) ranging and three-dimensional (3-D) imaging using a 1550 nm optoelectronic SFL.

We develop the technique of multiple source FMCW (MS-FMCW) reflectometry, in which the frequency sweeps of multiple SFLs are "stitched" together in order to increase the optical bandwidth, and hence improve the axial resolution, of an FMCW ranging measurement. We demonstrate computer-aided stitching of DFB and VCSEL sweeps at 1550 nm. We also develop and demonstrate hardware stitching, which enables MS-FMCW ranging without additional signal processing. The culmination of this work is the hardware stitching of four VCSELs at 1550 nm for a total optical bandwidth of 2 THz, and a free-space axial resolution of 75 microns.

We describe our work on the tomographic imaging camera (TomICam), a 3-D imaging system based on FMCW ranging that features non-mechanical acquisition of transverse pixels. Our approach uses a combination of electronically tuned optical sources and low-cost full-field detector arrays, completely eliminating the need for moving parts traditionally employed in 3-D imaging. We describe the basic TomICam principle, and demonstrate single-pixel TomICam ranging in a proof-of-concept experiment. We also discuss the application of compressive sensing (CS) to the TomICam platform, and perform a series of numerical simulations. These simulations show that tenfold compression is feasible in CS TomICam, which effectively improves the volume acquisition speed by a factor ten.

We develop chirped-wave phase-locking techniques, and apply them to coherent beam combining (CBC) of chirped-seed amplifiers (CSAs) in a master oscillator power amplifier configuration. The precise chirp linearity of the optoelectronic SFL enables non-mechanical compensation of optical delays using acousto-optic frequency shifters, and its high chirp rate simultaneously increases the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) threshold of the active fiber. We characterize a 1550 nm chirped-seed amplifier coherent-combining system. We use a chirp rate of 5*10^14 Hz/sec to increase the amplifier SBS threshold threefold, when compared to a single-frequency seed. We demonstrate efficient phase-locking and electronic beam steering of two 3 W erbium-doped fiber amplifier channels, achieving temporal phase noise levels corresponding to interferometric fringe visibilities exceeding 98%.

A linguagem no Twitter: um enfoque sistêmico-funcional

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar as características da linguagem no Twitter, focalizando (i) seu propósito comunicativo, (ii) seus participantes discursivos e (iii) suas relações interpessoais. Por acreditar que a linguagem é um recurso sistemático e que somente através dela expressamos significados em determinados contextos, encontramos na Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (LSF) uma base teórica que se encaixa à pesquisa. Para Halliday(1994), a linguística é o estudo de como as pessoas negociam sentido através do uso da linguagem. Assim, encontramos no Twitter, um corpus diversificado que reforça ainda mais a teoria da LSF, quando afirma sermos nós, falantes da língua, os únicos responsáveis por nossas escolhas lexicais, tendo consciência de como e onde, contextualmente falando, podemos aplicar em uma atividade linguística em que estivermos engajados. O material de pesquisa foi constituído mediante a coleta inicial de 671 comentários postados no Twitter em 2010. Dados obtidos a partir da análise desta coleta confirmam o argumento de Crystal (2011), de que a expressão de opinião é o principal propósito comunicativo das mensagens postadas no microblogging. Assim, após recortes no corpus para coleta exclusivamente de opiniões, 201 tuítes resultantes de duas coletas realizadas em datas e situações diferentes foram analisados: uma, após notícia de agressão a uma professora; a segunda, momentos antes e durante a Copa Mundial de 2010. Os resultados apontam diferenças entre as amostras, principalmente em função de aspectos do contexto de situação: pois embora o tom seja de indignação nas amostras com tuítes opinativos, apenas na amostra futebol há tentativa de se orientar a ação do outro. Quanto às relações interpessoais, foram identificadas marcas de interação face a face nas duas amostras, mas apenas na amostra futebol identificou-se uso de linguagem de baixo calão. Finalmente, em relação às características gerais do Twitter, observa-se o uso de linguagem reduzida na forma de caracteres emotivos ou de abreviações, o uso de interjeições e pontos de exclamação. Observou-se ainda o uso recorrente de léxico valorativo, de ironia e de perguntas retóricas para expressão de indignação, mas estes traços parecem ser afetados por aspectos do contexto de situação, mais do que por características do Twitter

Retratos das periferias urbanas nos raps dos Racionais MC's

Este trabalho tem por objetivo verificar, a partir do recorte de um dado discurso musical (rap), como os jovens das periferias urbanas brasileiras têm representado discursivamente o social. Sob esse aspecto, a representação dos atores sociais no discurso é o principal foco analítico, tendo como perspectivas teóricas de estudo a Análise Crítica do Discurso (doravante ACD), e a lingüística funcional sistêmica (doravante LFS) no que diz respeito a questões de linguagem. O trabalho apresenta uma introdução na qual são apontadas características de grupos musicais diretamente afetados por conflitos sociais, destacando-se como corpus de trabalho o discurso musical dos Racionais MCs e seguindo-se de uma contextualização histórica do grupo e do movimento hip- hop. Em seguida, apresentam-se, no capítulo teórico, as matérias ligadas diretamente ao objeto de estudo (discurso, ideologia e tipos de significado), ao mesmo tempo em que é feita uma apresentação da linha teórica utilizada e da orientação assumida pelos autores de referência para o trabalho (Fairclough e Halliday). Logo depois, no capítulo metodológico, são descritas as etapas de construção da pesquisa, observando-se os seguintes aspectos: 1) apresentação dos critérios de constituição do corpus, destacando o interesse pelo estilo rap, através de suas principais características, até delimitar as músicas do grupo Racionais MCs para análise; 2) descrição do corpus, a partir de uma característica particular (gangstar rap), com posterior explicação da metodologia criada aqui para sua análise; 3) explicação da categoria analítica utilizada (a representação dos atores sociais), através de exemplos dados pelo seu autor (van Leeuwen, 1996) e outros encontrados no próprio corpus. A análise volta-se, inicialmente, para a observação do significado representacional enfocando as estratégias de representação dos atores sociais utilizadas pelo discurso rap; e, num segundo momento, revela uma prática de polarização, a partir da qual se traça a identidade discursiva do grupo Racionais MCs e sua alteridade (significado identificacional). Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível refletir sobre uma forma de representar o mundo, realizada atualmente por alguns jovens oriundos de comunidades periféricas. Dessa forma, foi possível perceber como os sentidos produzidos por eles podem revelar aspectos significativos de uma nova ordem social brasileira

Análise do gênero portuário NOR sob a ótica da linguística sistêmico-funcional

O ensino de inglês em uma escola técnica é voltado para atender às necessidades dos alunos e do curso. Atuando como professora de inglês para fins específicos no CEFET UnED Itaguaí, deparei-me com um curso novo no estado do Rio de Janeiro, o Curso Pós-Médio Técnico em Portos. Em vista disto, este estudo propõe-se a investigar como o documento portuário, NOR, Notice of Readiness, ou ainda, Aviso de Prontidão, fundamental em uma operação portuária e, consequentemente, material importante para o curso de Portos, se estrutura em estágios para transmitir significados. Objetivamente, este trabalho responde as seguintes questões: em que situação o gênero NOR se constitui? e que linguagem medeia a atividade social nessa situação?. Para tanto, no desenvolvimento da pesquisa, são utilizados os pressupostos da Linguística Sistêmico-funcional (HALLIDAY, 1985; HALLIDAY; HASAN, 1989), que tem a função e a semântica como base da linguagem e da atividade comunicativa, sendo a língua influenciada pelo contexto social. Dessa forma, adota-se uma concepção de gênero a partir de uma perspectiva funcionalista: o gênero é visto como uma atividade direcionada por objetivos e propósitos, realizada em estágios e na qual os falantes são engajados como membros da nossa cultura (MARTIN, 1992). Adota-se, ainda, a noção de configuração contextual (CC) de um gênero, que faz referência às variáveis de registro localizadas no contexto situacional: o campo, a relação e o modo, que possibilitam perceber os elementos obrigatórios e opcionais que compõem a estrutura potencial de um gênero (EPG), assim como verificar seus traços estruturais, lexicais, gramaticais e semânticos (HALLIDAY; HASAN, 1989). O corpus desta pesquisa é constituído de dez exemplares do documento NOR, coletados em duas empresas que possuem terminais portuários na região da Costa Verde, no Rio de Janeiro. A fim de analisar os exemplares do documento, fizemos uma pesquisa de base qualitativa para identificar os seus estágios obrigatórios e opcionais a partir das marcas léxico-gramaticais no texto, mapeando suas funções, conforme a proposta de Hasan (1989). Os resultados da análise dos dez documentos sugere que há quatro estágios obrigatórios nestes textos, ou seja, o documento NOR possui quatro estágios que cumprem certas funções importantes na atividade social em que se insere. Estes estágios ocorreram em todos os exemplares pesquisados e são portanto determinantes para caracterizar o gênero NOR. Nestes estágios, foram identificados padrões da léxico-gramática que sinalizam as respectivas funções dos segmentos textuais que compõem o NOR, mostrando a estreita relação entre texto (representado por suas características lexico-gramaticais) e contexto (representado pela configuração contextual postulada para o NOR). Assim, esta análise aponta vantagens para o contexto portuário uma vez que propõe um modelo para facilitar a leitura e escrita do documento NOR, levando o profissional da área a se tornar um participante mais competente. Além do aporte à área portuária, esta dissertação pode auxiliar na análise de outros gêneros, nos quais seus pesquisadores tenham como premissa um modelo que considera o meio social onde o texto é produzido

As representações de Deus em Caim, de José Saramago: um estudo sistêmico-funcional

Uma das instâncias de representação do mundo é a linguagem. Por meio da língua representamos dados de nossa experiência física e psíquica, ou seja, representamos a realidade que nos cerca. Investigar como o homem representa essa realidade é uma questão inesgotável. Desse modo, é necessário selecionar um aspecto dessa realidade, i.e., fazer um recorte. Para tratar de como o homem representa o mundo, foi escolhido como objeto de pesquisa uma das mais recorrentes representações feitas pela humanidade, a saber, deus. Os questionamentos em torno do personagem deus podem ser considerados uma das questões ontológicas do homem. No âmbito dos estudos da linguagem, a Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional mostra-se como suporte teórico ideal, pois entende que a linguagem possui a habilidade de representar a realidade. O propósito da linguagem de representar ideias e expressar experiências remete à Metafunção Ideacional que tem como ferramenta de análise o Sistema de Transitividade. Sendo assim, nosso objetivo é investigar, por meio do Sistema de Transitividade da LSF, que representações de deus José Saramago nos mostra em seu último romance, Caim, e responder às seguintes perguntas: Qual a representação do personagem Deus em Caim a partir da investigação dos enunciados do narrador, do personagem Caim e do próprio personagem Deus? A análise linguística corrobora ou não o posicionamento de Saramago expresso por meio de um narrador que se coloca contra Deus? Como a análise linguística pode corroborar e sustentar uma análise literária? O conceito de religião e a relação homem-deus têm uma presença constante na obra de Saramago e, em Caim, o autor desconstrói uma tradição judaico-cristã, através das próprias narrativas bíblicas do Velho Testamento. Por meio dos processos analisados é possível observar que o divino, na obra em questão, é revestido de características humanas, é vingativo, rancoroso e demonstra pouquíssima compaixão por suas criaturas. Para Saramago, o Deus cristão faz dos seres humanos suas marionetes, por exemplo, quando induz Caim ao primeiro homicídio da historia cristã. Desse modo, o autor desconstrói a concepção judaico-cristã do Deus justo, onipotente, onisciente e bondoso. Para o autor, Deus é egoísta, vingativo e se deixa levar pela ira