Geology, Geochemistry, and Geochronology (U-Pb) of the Rio Fortuna Gneiss - Serra do Baú Intrusive Suite - Paraguá Terrane - SW Amazonian Craton

O Gnaisse Rio Fortuna aflora na região da serra Santa Bárbara, nas imediações do Destacamento Militar Fortuna, na fronteira Brasil-Bolívia. Estes ortognaisses estão inseridos no Terreno Paraguá, em um setor afetado pela Orogenia Sunsás (1.0 a 0.9 Ga.). São classificados como ortognaisses de composição monzo a granodiorítica, com registros de, no mínimo, três fases de deformação. Idade U-Pb em zircão de 1.711 ± 13 Ma obtida por ablação a laser MC-ICP-MS, é considerada como correspondendo à idade de cristalização do protólito ígneo. Geoquimicamente, essas rochas constituem uma sequencia ácida formada por um magmatismo subalcalino, do tipo cálcio-alcalino de alto potássio, metaluminoso a peraluminoso.

Caracterização de minerais pesados ao longo do Rio Piranhas-Açu/RN distribuição e proveniência

This dissertation deals with the characterization, distribution and provenience of heavy minerals along the Piranhas-Açu River, from the City of Parelhas (Seridó River) to your mouth at the City of Macau-RN. Many heavy minerals species were recorded in this study: clinoamphibole, epidote (including zoisite), garnet, sillimanite, tourmaline, staurolite, andalusite, zircon, rutile, augite, ilmenite, hematite and magnetite. Major transparent minerals, those forming more than 5% of some assemblages, are hornblende, epidote, tourmaline, staurolite and zircon. Predominant opaque mineral is ilmenite. Six assemblages were identified along the river: (i) Garnet-hornblende-tourmaline with sillimanite, when cutting rocks of the Seridó Formation; (ii) Hornblende-garnet-zircon, when crossing rocks of the Caicó gnaisse-migmatitic Complex; (iii) Hornblende-zircon-epidote-staurolite, when draining rocks of the Jucurutu Formation; (iv) Hornblende-zircon-epidote, when cutting rocks of the Açu Formation; (v) Hornblende-zircon-staurolite, on the lowermost Açu River, when crossing limestones of the Jandaíra Formation and (vi) Zircon-tourmaline-staurolite in the Açu River mouth (Cenozoic rocks) where coastal process dominate. Mineral ratios that reflect differences in grain shape, density, and selective chemical decomposition were used in an attempt to isolate the effects of source and process as controls of mineral variability. Reworking of the sediments was regionally effective in selective sorting; the more equant minerals (e.g. epidote) and heavier minerals (e.g. opaques) had a higher probability of being selected for permanent deposition during reworking. The processes of selective decomposition stand out at the river mouth. A priori knowledge of provenance, associated with the assemblage distribution and effects of process were utilized to the interpretations, that points to the follow provenances: hornblende comes from micashists of the Seridó Formation, orthognaisses and amphibolites of the Caico Complex, paragnaisses and paranphibolites of the Jucurutu Formation and granites intrusions; epidote comes from paragnaisses and calciosilicatics of the Jucurutu Formation, granites intrusions (-Npy3al/ca and -Npy3mz, gravels deposits and Açu Formation; Andalusite and staurolite come from the Seridó Formation; Sillimanite, tourmaline and garnet come from micashists of the Seridó Formation, as well as from quartzites of the Equador Formation; Zircon comes from Precambrian rocks (pink and prismatic zircon) and from sediments of several cycles (round zircon); Opaques come from all rocks cutted for the Piranhas-Açu River; Rutile comes from metamorphic rocks, in general; Augite comes from the Ceará-Mirim, Serra do Cuó and Macau volcanisms. The texture of gravels deposits reveals a sediment transport mechanisms by traction-current processes, together with a diagenetic clay matrix suggests a hot-humid environments for deposition. The presence of unstable heavy minerals assemblages, as well as pebbles of different composition and degrees of rounding and esfericity, indicate more than one source. The occurrence of calcio/alkaline granites suites, in areas closed to the gravel deposits, suggests that these intrusions are the main source of sediments. This could explain for instance, the significant amounts of epidote and presence of unstable heavy minerals (e.g. hornblende). The analyses of heavy minerals also show significante variability between the modern (Piranhas-Açu) and ancestral (Açu Formation) river sediments. In general, these variations reflect relatively higher unstable and lower stable heavy minerals contents of the modern Piranhas-Açu sediments. The absence of significant compositional differences probably reflects uniform weathering conditions

O rio e a casa: imagens do tempo na ficção de Mia Couto

Este estudo constitui-se de três momentos principais: a reflexão sobre a historiografia literária de Moçambique (apresentada no capítulo um), as considerações a respeito da fortuna crítica acadêmica monográfica de Mia Couto produzida no Brasil (que abordamos no segundo capítulo) e a análise da autointertextualidade na obra ficcional de Mia Couto (matéria que ocupa os capítulos três e quatro)

A pobre gente: as crônicas de João do Rio no jornal e no livro

Pós-graduação em Letras - IBILCE

Caracterização geocronológica (U-Pb), geoquímica e isotópica (Sr, Nd, Hf) do complexo Rio Capivari no terreno Embu

O Complexo Rio Capivari (CRC) é constituído por ortognaisses migmatíticos de composições graníticas a tonalíticas e anfibolitos subordinados (magmas toleíticos) em lascas tectônicas no Terreno Embu. As composições dos gnaisses do CRC são predominantemente cálcio-alcalinas a álcali-cálcicas. Idades U-Pb em núcleos de zircão com zoneamento oscilatório indicam cristalização magmática dos protólitos em três períodos principais 2.4, 2.2-2.1 e 2.0 Ga. Idades metamórficas foram reconhecidas em bordas de zircão totalmente escuras nas imagens de catodoluminescência e variam entre 620-590 Ma. A suíte sideriana (2.4 Ga) apresenta caráter juvenil, como evidenciado pelos valores positivos de \'\'épsilon\'\'IND.Nd\' (+3.8) e \'\'épsilon\'\'IND.Hf\' (+0.3 a +4.8) e pela ausência de núcleos de zircão herdado, comumente encontrados em rochas que sofreram retrabalhamento crustal. A suíte de idades riacianas (2.2-2.1 Ga) apresenta idades modelos TDM arqueanas (2.6-3.3 Ga), valores negativos de \'\'épsilon\'\'IND.Nd\' (-12.0 a -4.0) e negativos a levemente positivos de \'\'épsilon\'\'IND.Hf\' (-7.8 a +0.5). Portanto, tais rochas derivam de retrabalhamento de reservatórios crustais antigos. A suíte de idade orosiriana (2.0 Ga) apresenta fontes mais antigas e retrabalhadas com valores altamente negativos de \'\'épsilon\'\'IND.Nd\' (-10.4) e \'\'épsilon\'\'IND.Hf\' (-1.2 a -13.6), sugerindo prolongada residência crustal com idades modelo \'T IND.DM\' e \'T IND.Hf\' >3.3 Ga. As assinaturas de elementos traços em rocha total e a química de zircão sugerem fontes máficas para o gnaisse sideriano. Reservatórios de crosta média, mas de profundidades variáveis, parecem ser a principal fonte dos gnaisses riacianos e orosirianos. Análises em diagramas tectônicos discriminantes baseados em elementos traços de rocha total com elevadas razões \'La/Yb IND.(N)\' (>10), Nb/Yb (>2) e Th/Yb (>1), somados aos valores de \'Y IND.2\'\'O IND.3\' (<3000 ppm), U/Yb (>0.5) e Nb/Yb (0.01-0.10) da química de zircão, sugerem que ambas as suítes de idades foram geradas em ambientes de arco magmático continental, mas com um gap de 200-300 Ma entre o gnaisse sideriano e os gnaisses riacianos sem dados ou informações geológicas. Perfis multielementos (elementos traços) comparativos entre representação de amostras típicas de arco continental associado à subducção de crosta oceânica (margem andina) e amostras de arcos de ilha (Ilhas Mariana) confirmam afinidade com ambiente de arco continental para o CRC, associado à subducção de placa oceânica, principalmente para o gnaisse sideriano. Apesar de pouco representativo, devido ao número de amostras (n=1), uma acresção juvenil em 2.4 Ga colabora para uma dinâmica contínua da evolução da crosta continental. O papel desempenhado pelo CRC na evolução geral do Terreno Embu permanece enigmático. Os dados isotópicos de \'\'épsilon\'\'IND.Nd(590)\' e \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/\'ANTPOT.88 Sr IND.(i)\' do CRC (-27.3 a -19.7 e 0.704 a 0.722, respectivamente) indicam evolução temporal não compatível com o requerido para as fontes dos granitos ediacaranos do Terreno Embu, que exigem a participação de reservatórios mais primitivos (\'\'épsilon\'\'IND.Nd(590)\' -13 a -7) e empobrecidos em Rb (\'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/\'ANTPOT.88 Sr IND.(i)\' \'\'QUASE IGUAL A\' 0,710).

Deliberation and empowerment in Rio de Janeiro's favelas

In modern day Brazil, new media initiatives centred in local communities are attempting to change the face of mainstream ideas about favelas and their inhabitants. One of these initiatives is Viva Favela which is ideologically and physically supported by the NGO Viva Rio that is based in Rio de Janeiro. This non-government organisation runs projects that provide favela residents with skills to take, edit and print their own(photo)journalism contents that enable a community-based framing and documentation of favela life, personalities and issues. The NGO furthermore has developed a range of public venues for displaying these works of (photo)journalism, thus minimising the invisibility that favela dwellers feel in Brazilian political life. This paper takes a discursive and ethnographic approach to investigating how community media might contribute with the aims of empowering people and supporting deliberation within Rio de Janeiro’s favelas.

Get Into Vocational Education (GIVE) Gladstone Pilot Project : Final Report to Rio Tinto Alcan Community Fund

This report describes the Get Into Vocational Education (GIVE) pilot project run at Gladstone Central State School from September to December 2010. The report describes the aims, budget, and timeline of the project and its findings in relation to each of the three major objectives of the project, namely (a) build awareness of, interest in, and familiarity with trades as a future vocation and opportunity for advancement; (b) enhance literacy, numeracy and science knowledge and performance; and (c) provide motivation and engagement to stay on at school and build towards a productive future. The clear findings of the GIVE Gladstone Year 4 pilot project are that, for students at risk in terms of school attendance, engagement and learning: (1) awareness of trades, literacy, mathematics and science knowledge, and motivation and engagement all improve and, in most cases, dramatically improve, in the GIVE structure; (2) this improvement involves transfer to situations and concepts not directly addressed in the project; and (3) the crucial factor in the GIVE structure that gives the improvement is the integration of classroom work with trades experiences and not the classroom and trades experiences themselves (although it is better if these are good).

New discursive configurations of journalism : Narratives in Rio de Janeiro's favelas [Novas configurações discursivas no jornalismo: narrativas digitais nas favelas do Rio de Janeiro]

Oprincipal objetivo desse artigo é apresentar os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa em andamento sobre o processo de produção de conteúdo do portal Viva Favela, um dos projetos sociais realizados pela organização nãogovernamental Viva Rio. Partindo de uma abordagem conceitual que discute os modos pelos quais a mídia alternativa e o jornalismo público/jornalismo cívico criam as condições de possibilidade para que uma determinada prática jornalística dê ‘voz’ e ‘empodere’ (empower) moradores de periferias e favelas brasileiras, estamos realizando um estudo das rotinas produtivas do Viva Favela e seus ‘correspondentes comunitários’. O conceito sobre voice, de Jo Tacchi, oferece-nos um embasamento teórico adequado para refletirmos sobre o que vem sendo denominado, nos Estados Unidos, de digital storytelling – as narrativas digitais produzidas com as tecnologias de informação e comunicação para “contar estórias” 1, que são criativamente apropriadas, no Brasil, por moradores das favelas e periferias das regiões metropolitanas.

Narratives of the 'everyday' in Rio de Janeiro's favelas : community photographers' attempts at generating alternative news values [Narrativas do cotidiano nas favelas do Rio de Janeiro: tentativas de construção de valores-notícia alternativos pelos fotógrafos populares]

Abstract This paper presents the partial results of an ongoing research project which investigates ethnographically community (photo)journalism media initiatives, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The Viva Rio and Observatorio de Favelas (NGOs) run projects that provide favela residents with skills to take, edit and print their own (photo) journalism contents that enables community-based framing and documentation of favela live, personalities and issues. Three months of fieldwork related to these projects in Rio's favelas generated remarkable theoretical issues that represent the community photographers' attempt to establish counter news values by shifting the focus from poverty, shortages, violence and criminality to images of the ordinary life which included the myriad events that occurs in the day of the favelas. Resumo Este artigo apresenta os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa em andamento que, a partir do método etnográfico, investiga os projetos de comunicação comunitária, jornalismo e fotojornalismo, no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. As organizações não-governamentais (ONGs) Viva Rio e Observatório de Favela apoiam projetos que objetivam tornar moradores de favelas capazes de produzir, editar e publicar as suas próprias narrativas sobre personagens e questões do cotidiano de suas comunidades. O trabalho de campo sobre estes projetos, realizado durante três meses nas favelas do Rio de Janeiro, forneceu questões teóricas relevantes que representam o esforço dos fotógrafos populares para estabelecer contra valores-notícia transferindo o foco da pobreza, escassez, violência e criminalidade para imagens do cotidiano que inclui uma miríade de eventos que acontecem no dia-a-dia das favelas.

Participatory content creation and collective intelligence in Rio de Janeiro's favelas [Virtual presentation]

This proposal combines ethnographic techniques and discourse studies to investigating a collective of people engaged with audiovisual productions who collaborate in Curta Favela’s workshops in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas. ‘Favela’ is often translated simply as ‘slum’ or ‘shantytown’, but these terms connote negative characteristics such as shortage, poverty, and deprivation referring to favelas which end up stigmatizing these low income suburbs. Curta Favela (Favela Shorts) is an independent project which all participants join to use photography and participatory audiovisual production as a tool for social change and raising consciousness. As cameras are not affordable for favelas dwellers, Curta Favela’s volunteers teach favela residents how they can use their mobile phones and compact cameras to take pictures and make movies, and afterwards, how they can edit the data using free editing video software programs and publish it on the Internet. To record audio, they use their mp3 or mobile phones. The main aim of this study is to shed light not only on how this project operates, but also to highlight how collective intelligence can be used as a way of fighting against the lack of basic resources.

Narratives of the 'everyday' in Rio de Janeiro's favelas : the construction of alternative news values by community photographers [Narrativas do cotidiano nas favelas cariocas: a problematizacao dos valores-noticia pelos fotografos populares]

Resumo: Esse artigo apresenta os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa em andamento que, a partir do método etnográfico, investiga os projetos de comunicação comunitária, jornalismo e fotojornalismo desenvolvidos por duas organizações não-governamentais na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho de campo, realizado durante três meses nas favelas cariocas, forneceu questões teóricas relevantes para os estudos do jornalismo, destacando-se as problematizações sobre a noção de valores-notícia. Voltados para a produção de narrativas centradas no cotidiano das comunidades, os fotojornalistas populares consideram fundamental discutir os valores-notícia formulados pela grande imprensa e propor “contra-valores”.

Participatory content creation and collective intelligence in Rio de Janeiro's favelas

This proposal combines ethnographic techniques and discourse studies to investigate a collective of people engaged with audiovisual productions who collaborate in Curta Favela’s workshops in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas. ‘Favela’ is often translated simply as ‘slum’ or ‘shantytown’, but these terms connote negative characteristics such as shortage, poverty, and deprivation which end up stigmatizing these low income suburbs. Curta Favela (Favela Shorts) is an independent project in which all participants join to use photography and participatory audiovisual production as tools for social change and to raise consciousness. As cameras are not affordable for favela dwellers, Curta Favela’s volunteers teach favela residents how they can use their mobile phones and compact cameras to take pictures and make movies, and afterwards, how they can edit the data using free editing video software programs and publish it on the Internet. To record audio, they use their mp3 or mobile phones. The main aim of this study is to shed light not only on how this project operates, but also to highlight how collective intelligence can be used as a way of fighting against a lack of basic resources.

Percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents or coronary artery bypass surgery in subjects with type 2 diabetes : evaluation of: Farkouth ME, Domanski M, Sleeper LA, et al. Strategies for multivessel revascularization in patients with diabetes. N Engl J Med 2012;367(25):2375-84, and Contini GA, Nicolini F, Fortuna D, et al. Five-year outcomes of surgical or percutaneous myocardial revascularization in diabetic patients. Int J Cardiol 2012. [Epub ahead of print]

There is debate as to whether percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents or coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) is the best procedure for subjects with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease requiring revascularization. There is some evidence that following these procedures there is less further revascularization with CABG than PCI in subjects with diabetes. Two recent studies; the FREEDOM (Future Revascularization Evaluation in patients with Diabetes mellitus: Optimal Management of Multivessel Disease) trial, and a trial using a real world diabetic population from a Registry, have shown that the benefits of CABG over PCI in subjects with type 2 diabetes extends to lower rates of death and myocardial infarct, in addition to lower rates of revascularization. However, the rates of stroke may be higher with CABG than PCI with drug-eluting stents in this population. Thus, if CABG is going to be preferred to PCI in subjects with type 2 diabetes and multivessel coronary disease, consideration should be given to how to reduce the rates of stroke with CABG.

Social and cultural borders in Rio de Janeiro : the everyday life of community and mainstream photojournalists

This paper takes a multimethod approach which combines ethnographic techniques and discourse studies to investigate two contrasting professional groups: community photographers, who are favela dwellers who have developed photographic projects in Brazil‘s favelas, and photojournalists of the mainstream media. Its purpose is to determine how a cultural and social divide in the city of Rio de Janeiro shapes both community photographers and mainstream photojournalists’ practices, discourses, and identities. While community photographers strive to establish a humane and positive view about favelas and their residents by shifting the focus from poverty, shortages, violence, and criminality to images of the ordinary life, mainstream photojournalists express the view that their role is of primary importance for the defence of human rights in the favelas by helping to prevent, for instance, police abuses and violations. As the data analysis indicated the existence of socio-spatial borders all over Rio de Janeiro, this study adopted the idea of a divided city without denying interconnections between favelas and the city’s political life. Through the analysis of categories which emerged from the data, the complex world of documenting favela life is explored. The major themes touched upon are: the breakdown between the mainstream media and the favela communities; the different kinds of relationships which arise in Rio’s low income suburbs; and the gradual return of mainstream news workers to favelas.