Google book search settlement : implications for Australia

In 2005, the Association of American Publishers (AAP) and the Authors Guild (AG) sued Google for ‘massive copyright infringement’ for the mass digitization of books for the Google Book Search Project. In 2008, the parties reached a settlement, pending court approval. If approved, the settlement could have far-reaching consequences for authors, libraries, educational institutions and the reading public. In this article, I provide an overview of the Google Book Search Settlement. Firstly, I explain the Google Book Search Project, the legal questions raised by the Project and the lawsuit brought against Google. Secondly, I examine the terms of the Settlement Agreement, including what rights were granted between the parties and what rights were granted to the general public. Finally, I consider the implications of the settlement for Australia. The Settlement Agreement, and consequently the broader scope of the Google Book Search Project, is currently limited to the United States. In this article I consider whether the Project could be extended to Australia at a later date, how Google might go about doing this, and the implications of such an extension under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth). I argue that without prior agreements with rightholders, our limited exceptions to copyright infringement mean that Google is unlikely to be able to extend the full scope of the Project to Australia without infringing copyright.

Las bodas de Camacho y una relectura del mito de D. Quijote desde versiones operísticas del episodio cervantino

Resumen: El mundo de la ópera es un campo de permanentes ebulliciones aunque todavía se le endilguen acusaciones falsas de inmovilidad y anquilosamiento. No cesan de componerse obras con lenguajes innovadores sobre temáticas inéditas. Se experimenta —a veces, abusivamente— con puestas en escena heterodoxas, y las investigaciones hallan partituras perdidas o relegadas que hacen variar, permanentemente, el mapa del canon del género. En el presente trabajo, se analiza un caso-testigo de estas continuas mutaciones. Es la recuperación entre 2006 y 2011 de tres óperas compuestas entre 1760 y 1830 sobre el episodio del Quijote referido a las bodas de Camacho. Reviste particular relevancia, a mi juicio, porque no solo ha aumentado el caudal del repertorio operístico conocido sino que por sus relaciones con la literatura nos alerta a los estudiosos de ésta acerca de fenómenos que no podemos dejar de considerar. Ellos atañen a la recepción de la obra cervantina y al mito de D. Quijote, mito cuya expansión sobrepasa, ampliamente, al público lector de la obra. Nos conduce, por lo tanto, más allá de lo literario, a las complejidades de la construcción del imaginario cultural.

Lírica vernácula y saber : consideraciones sobre el lugar de la lectura y la escritura en el “Prologus Baenensis”

Integran este número de la revista ponencias presentadas en Studia Hispanica Medievalia VIII: Actas de las IX Jornadas Internacionales de Literatura Española Medieval, 2008, y de Homenaje al Quinto Centenario de Amadis de Gaula.

Vida e morte de M. J. Gonzaga de Sá: modernização e subjetividade, história e memória em Lima Barreto

O estudo ora apresentado pretende concentrar-se, principalmente, na análise do romance Vida e morte de M. J. Gonzaga de Sá e trazer alguma contribuição no que se refere à relação desta obra com aspectos do romance moderno, assim como à identificação de procedimentos narrativos que explicitam traços do realismo de Lima Barreto, perpassados pela experiência da modernidade no Brasil. Nesse percurso, busca-se revelar a dinâmica que se estabelece entre cidade e subjetividade na vinculação com a memória individual e as consequências para a realização da narrativa. Realizou-se, inicialmente, uma abordagem histórica de temas como a origem do romance, a formação do público leitor na Inglaterra e no Brasil e as concepções de realismo que perpassam a forma romance, a fim de se compreender e identificar o lugar da obra de Lima Barreto na história da Literatura. Apresentou-se, ainda, correlação das concepções de memória e história, que podem ser vislumbradas no romance estudado, a partir de estudos teóricos de obras escolhidas de Friedrich Nietzsche e Walter Benjamin

Políticas Públicas de Leitura: Estudo Comparativo dos Planos Nacionais de Leitura de Portugal e do Brasil

Este trabalho propõe analisar comparativamente o Plano Nacional de Leitura (PNL) de Portugal e o Plano Nacional do Livro e da Leitura do Brasil, uma vez que são países que desenvolvem políticas públicas de leitura paralelamente aos seus sistemas de ensino formais. Especificamente, deverá alcançar os seguintes objetivos: definir o que são estes planos de leitura; destacar os aspectos que levaram ao seu surgimento; e como surgiram; entender as questões que levam Brasil e Portugal a desenvolverem e implementarem políticas públicas de leitura, identificar como se formou a necessidade de investir em políticas públicas específicas de incentivo à leitura; caracterizar comparativamente os históricos, as estruturas, os princípios, os objetivos e o conjunto de ações e áreas de intervenção estabelecidos nos planos nacionais de leitura português e brasileiro. Tema esse que teve estreita relação com as inquietações advindas da prática profissional da pesquisadora. Tratando-se de uma investigação de caráter exploratório, cujo contributo consiste fundamentalmente em comparar os planos nacionais de leitura, adotando-se o método dedutivo, com uma opção teórico-metodológica fundamentada por uma análise de conteúdo, tendo como referência os estudos de Bardin (1977), sendo esta de forma qualitativa e descritiva, que utilizou o recurso da pesquisa documental como principal estratégia de produção de dados para construir o corpus da pesquisa.

L'Aufklärung kantienne : une quête d'autonomie

Michel Foucault fait remarquer qu’il y a dans la conception des Lumières européennes une tension entre la « croissance de l’autonomie » et la « croissance des capacités » par la science et la technique (Foucault, 1994, p. 83). Or, dans « Qu’est-ce que les Lumières? », Kant privilégie clairement le premier volet, l’autonomie, tel qu’en témoigne sa définition : « sortie de l’homme de l’état de minorité, où il se maintient par sa propre faute ». Force lui est toutefois d’admettre que l’autonomie qui s’exprime dans le « penser par soi-même » nécessite un accès à l’espace public, car la liberté de pensée implique la possibilité de publier ses opinions et de penser avec autrui. Le texte de Kant évoque donc les conditions politiques permettant un libre accès au « public des lecteurs ». Il importe ainsi que le despote éclairé, en l’occurrence Frédéric le Grand, gouverne à tout le moins dans un esprit républicain en maintenant un espace public exempt de censure. Il importe en outre qu’il s’abstienne d’intervenir en matière religieuse. Ce n’est pas un hasard si le thème de la liberté de conscience religieuse occupe une large place dans le texte de Kant, car la tentation est grande pour l’autorité politique de bafouer cette liberté et d’instrumentaliser la religion à des fins politiques.

La figure de l’auteur comme producteur : littérature et connaissance chez Walter Benjamin, Georg Lukács et Theodor W. Adorno.

La question posée dans ce mémoire concerne ce que des philosophes comme Georg Lukács, Walter Benjamin et Theodor. W. Adorno appellent le contenu de vérité des œuvres littéraires. Le but de ma réflexion est de montrer qu’un tel contenu de vérité ne doit pas être recherché dans la réalité extra-littéraire par rapport à laquelle la littérature apparaît comme une représentation, pas plus que dans les intentions introduites du dehors par l’auteur ou dans la réception de l’œuvre par ses lecteurs, mais plutôt directement dans la sphère de sa production. À partir d’une lecture comparative des différentes positions défendues dans le débat des années 1930 entre Georg Lukács, Walter Benjamin, Bertolt Brecht et Ernst Bloch, la production littéraire est définie comme un phénomène par lequel l’esprit, en s’objectivant, transcende la réalité dans laquelle il s’inscrit. Il en résulte une conception du littéraire comme processus au sein duquel la relation épistémologique entre le sujet et l’objet est appréhendée d’une manière irréductible aux autres formes de connaissance.

Boots Book-lovers' Library and the novel: The impact of a circulating library market on twentieth-century fiction

In a Report for the Society of Bookmen in 1928, British publishers estimated that between a quarter to two thirds of all the books they published went to four circulating libraries: Boots, Smith’s, Mudie’s, and The Times bookclub. This essay examines the literary impact of one of the largest of these, Boots Book-lovers’ Library (1899-66), which by 1935 had around 400 libraries attached to their high-street pharmacies catering for the tastes of over one million subscribers a year. Compared to the wealth of studies examining the influence of the library market in the Victorian period, the significance of the subscription libraries as key distributors of fiction in the twentieth century is not well known. But private libraries expanded rapidly in the early twentieth century to cater for what Sidney Dark termed a ‘new reading public’, and records in publishers’ archives indicate that authors routinely adapted their unpublished manuscripts in order to meet the perceived demands of this library reader. This article examines the impact of the Boots Book-lovers’ Library market on authors’ practices of writing and revision, and on literary marketing and censorship. It focuses in particular on the author James Hanley (1897-1985), using unpublished correspondence in the Chatto & Windus archive at the University of Reading to demonstrate how the publisher’s sense of the tastes and expectations of the Boots library reader influenced the editorial process.

Outward bound: women translators and scientific travel writing, 1780–1800

As the Enlightenment drew to a close, translation had gradually acquired an increasingly important role in the international circulation and transmission of scientific knowledge. Yet comparatively little attention has been paid to the translators responsible for making such accounts accessible in other languages, some of whom were women. In this article I explore how European women cast themselves as intellectually enquiring, knowledgeable and authoritative figures in their translations. Focusing specifically on the genre of scientific travel writing, I investigate the narrative strategies deployed by women translators to mark their involvement in the process of scientific knowledge-making. These strategies ranged from rhetorical near-invisibility, driven by women's modest marginalization of their own public engagement in science, to the active advertisement of themselves as intellectually curious consumers of scientific knowledge. A detailed study of Elizabeth Helme's translation of the French ornithologist Françoise le Vaillant's Voyage dans l'intérieur de l'Afrique [Voyage into the Interior of Africa] (1790) allows me to explore how her reworking of the original text for an Anglophone reading public enabled her to engage cautiously – or sometimes more openly – with questions regarding how scientific knowledge was constructed, for whom and with which aims in mind.

Where did all these books come from? The Publishing Industry and American Intellectual Life

The American book publishing industry shapes the character of American intellectual life. While the newspaper and television industries have been accused of and investigated for bias and lowering America’s intellectual standards, book publishing has gone largely unexamined by scholars. The existing studies of the publishing industry have focused on finance, procedure and history. “There are few ‘theories’ of publishing – efforts to understand the ‘whys’ as well as the ‘hows.’ Few scholarly scientists have devoted significant scholarly attention to publishing” (Altbach and Hoshino, xiii). There are many possible reasons for this lacuna. First, there is a perception that books have always been around, that they are an “old” technology and therefore they don’t appear to have had as much of an impact on our society as television and other media (which were developed quickly and suddenly) seem to have had (Altbach and Hoshino, xiv). Also, despite books’ present and past popularity, television, radio, and now the internet reach more people more easily, and are therefore more topical points of study and observation. In studying the effects of mass media on everyday American life, television and the internet may be the most logical points of study. Regarding public intellectual life however, books play a much more important role. Public intellectual life has always been associated with independent thinkers publishing their work for the masses. For this reason, this I focus on trade publishing. Trade publishing produces fiction and non-fiction works for the general reading public, as opposed to technical manuals, textbooks, and other fiction and nonfiction books targeted to small and specific audiences. Although, quantitatively speaking, “the largest part of book publishing business is embodied in that great complex of companies and activities producing educational, business, scientific, technical, and reference books and materials,” (Tebbel 1987, 439) the trade industry publishes most of the books that most people read. It is the most public segment of the industry, and the most likely place to find public intellectualism. Trade publishing is not only the most public segment of the industry, but it is also the most susceptible to corruption and lowered intellectual standards. Unlike specialty publishing, which caters to a specific, known segment of society, trade publishers must compete with countless other publications, as well as with other forms of media, for the patronage of the general public. As John Tebbel (author of a widely referenced history of the publishing industry) puts it, “The textbook, scientific, or technical book is subjected to much more rigorous scrutiny by buyers and users, and in an intensively competitive market inferior products are quickly lost" (Tebbel 1987, xiv). Since the standards for trade publishing are not nearly as specific – trade books simply need to catch the attention of a significant number of readers, they don’t have to measure up to a given level of quality – the quality of trade books is much more variable. And yet, a successful trade publication can have a much greater impact on society than the most rigorously researched and edited textbook or scholarly study.

Perfil de leitura de textos jornalísticos por alunos de escolas pública e privada do município de Cascavel-SP

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Nas páginas da imprensa: a instrução/educação nos jornais em Mato Grosso (1880-1910)

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

De Holmes a Poirot: relações entre literatura e história na narrativa policial britânica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O jornalismo econômico por meio da imprensa alternativa: bundas e a acessibilidade da informação

This article aims to analyze the content expressed in the weekly Bundas and show how this addressed the economic issues in Brazil in the period 1999-2001. Through this study, we will seek to understand how the printed addressed the economic issues and the language employed by evidence how the vehicle was differed from the others in the category accessibility. The economic journalism has a way of approach often incomprehensible by readers, so the analysis of Bundas show the role of that journalism to the society and the importance of it becoming available to the reading public.

Cultural and Educational Society of Muslims "Narodna Uzdanica" /"National Hope"/ 1923-1941

Ibrahim Kemura. The Muslim Cultural-Educational Society Narodna uzdanica from 1923/4 to 1941 One of the features of the cultural history of the Bosniacs between the two world wars (1918-1941) was a cultural and educational society named Narodna uzdanica, which was a significant institutional and cultural-intellectual centre of the Bosniac people in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Narodna uzdanica expressed the aspirations and needs of the Bosniac citizens who were its main support and axis and was aimed at fulfilling their interests. This was reflected in an ideological-cultural orientation towards the West and the adoption of positive western achievements while at the same time stressing its Slavic origins and individuality, the education of young people and the formation of a European-type civic intelligentsia, adaptation to life in capitalist society, the development of modern trade and crafts, the emancipation of women, and cultural education based on European values. Thus conceived, the programme enjoyed the support of a wider circle of members, the reading public and the cultural consumers of those particular elements such as education and economic prosperity which it sought to achieve. The political involvement of Narodna uzdanica and its use as a platform for the leading Bosniac political party Jugoslovenska muslimanska organizacija (JMO - Yugoslav Muslim Organisation) which had founded the society, played a significant role in the socio-political life and development of Bosniacs. The opposition to the ruling regime, often expressed through close cooperation with similar Croat organisations and through the pro-Croat attitude of some of the society's leading figures, offered both the regime and Narodna uzdanica's political adversaries grounds for describing it as separatist and Croat and served as a pretext for repressive measures to hinder its normal operations. This research proved these accusations to be groundless, showing that the pro-Croat orientation was primarily political and cultural and that throughout its existence Narodna uzdanica was active in the cultural and educational renaissance of Bosniacs, helping to strengthen their national identity.