La letra y los cuerpos subyugados: heterogeneidad, colonialidad y subalternidad en cuatro novelas latinoamericanas

Bajo una investigación con elementos socio-culturales, y teniendo como antecedentes literarios a cuatro novelas latinoamericanas (Ave sin nido de Clorinda Matto, Ximena de dos caminos de Laura Riesco, Juyungo de Adalberto Ortiz y Canto de sirena de Gregorio Martínez), aparece este estudio que manifiesta la asociación histórica entre dos formas de colonialidad: la etno-social y la de género. Se manifiesta un discurso donde las categorías de sumisión, marginación y discriminación alcanzan niveles similares, dependiendo del tiempo y del espacio.

Heterogeneidad, colonialidad y subalternidad en cuatro novelas latinoamericanas

Heterogeneidad, colonialidad y subalternidad en cuatro novelas latinoamericanas es un intento de lectura y reflexión histórica de una serie discontinua que, partiendo de la propuesta transdisciplinaria de los estudios culturales, trata de relacionar la heterogeneidad del discurso literario con la heterogeneidad cultural e histórica estructural de la región andina en sus respectivas coyunturas históricas, teniendo en consideración la asociación entre dos formas de colonialidad: la etnosocial y la de género. El concepto de cronotopo ha permitido encontrar que la familia, la migración y la peregrinación son los organizadores simbólicos de los principales acontecimientos argumentales y discursivos de los sujetos sociales representados en condiciones subordinadas con respecto a las relaciones de poder. La voz y la palabra de estos sujetos heterogéneos problematizan y fracturan la voluntad de verdad de las relaciones de poder, la cultura letrada y el falocentrismo en procesos discursivos discontinuos. Esta discontinuidad y la apertura a la diversidad expresada en intentos, no sin tensiones, hacia la polifonía como procesos de afirmación; parecen ser algunas de las tendencias contemporáneas de la heterogénea producción discursiva de la subalternidad en la región andina de América Latina.

(Table 1) Observations of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) in the Svalbard area 1940-2008

Forty-six sightings of bowhead whales have been reported from the Svalbard area between 1940 and 2009. But, only three of these sightings are reported prior to 1980. Most observations involve only one or two whales, but groups of up to seven individuals have been seen recently. Increased ship traffic, particularly cruise-based tourism, in the north undoubtedly provides more opportunities for spotting this species, and the establishment of a structured cetacean sighting programme, as well as increase in effort in documenting sightings from a wider marine user-community, likely all play a role in more records being documented in recent years. The absence of a dedicated monitoring programme for ice-associated cetaceans and the generally low scientific activity level in this field in Svalbard Waters hampers firm conclusions about the trends in abundance of bowhead whales in the Svalbard area.

A representação do sertão na metrópole: a construção de um gênero musical (1929-1940)

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

De Amézola, Gonzalo, Esquizohistoria, La Historia que se enseña en la escuela, la que preocupa a los historiadores y una renovación posible de la historia escolar. Buenos Aires, Libros del Zorzal, 2008, 130 p.

Fil: Rodríguez, Laura Graciela. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

De Amézola, Gonzalo, Esquizohistoria, La Historia que se enseña en la escuela, la que preocupa a los historiadores y una renovación posible de la historia escolar. Buenos Aires, Libros del Zorzal, 2008, 130 p.

Fil: Rodríguez, Laura Graciela. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

"Valehtelu ei auta, mutta kaikkea ei kannata kertoa." : Kertomatta jättäminen parisuhteen vuorovaikutuskontekstissa

Topic avoidance in romantic relationships has not been researched before in Finnish speech communication research, and this study was expected to increase the understanding of a phenomenon that acquires relatively dramatic attributes in everyday conversation. The aim of this study was to describe topic avoidance based on what was told in the interviews, and to describe the beliefs concerning functional or dysfunctional relational communication that can be interpreted from the interviewees' speech when they talk about topic avoidance. The theoretical reference frame of this study consists of the Communication Privacy Management Theory, relational dialectics, and earlier, mostly American research on topic avoidance. Ten Finnish people aged 22-31, who all had previous experience on one or more marital or common-law relationships were interviewed for this study. Additional material for the study was gathered from the interviewees by using the role playing method to describe interactional events where something essential is left unsaid in the context of romantic relationship. The following values were attributed to functional communication in romantic relationships: openness, equality, honesty, trust and positivity. The dialectical nature of the phenomenon being researched is evident in the way that along with openness, the interviewees talked about excessive openness that should occasionally be avoided in the context of relational communication by leaving things unsaid. Topic avoidance was seen both as a conscious strategic communication for managing privacy, and as an uncontrollable force of nature that at its worst destroys the relationship. When topic avoidance is seen as strategic communication, the choice concerning what is left unsaid is made by weighing the following dimensions asgainst each other: risks/ benefits (for self, relationship), protects/ does not protect (self, partner, relationship), burdens/ does not burden (self, partner, relationship), honesty/ dishonesty, responsibility lies with self/ responsibility does not lie with self. Topic avoidance was acceptable if it was used in order to preserve the relationship, as opposed to gaining power in the relationship or causing insecurity for the partner. The acceptability of topic avoidance varied according to whether it differed from lying or not. When the interviewees talk about topic avoidance, their speech can be interpreted to mean that in spite of uncontrollability, communicative choices can be made in relational communication and that skills concerning communication in romantic relationships can be learned.

Children drawing toy commercials: re-imagining television production features

Griffiths, M. (2005). Children drawing toy commercials: re-imagining television production features. Visual Communication. 4(1), pp.21-37. RAE2008

Pink Worlds and Blue Worlds: A Portrait of Intimate Polarity

Griffiths, Merris, 'Pink Worlds and Blue Worlds: A Portrait of Intimate Polarity', In: 'Small Screens: television for children', D. Buckingham (Ed.), (London: Leicester University Press), pp. 159-184, 2002 RAE2008

Nurturing Change: Lilly Martin Spencer's Images of Children

This dissertation is the first full-length study to concentrate on American genre painter Lilly Martin Spencer's images of children, which constituted nearly one half of her saleable production during the height of her artistic career from 1848 to 1869. At this time, many young parents received advice regarding child rearing through books and other publications, having moved away from their families of origin in search of employment. These literatures, which gained in popularity from the 1830s onward, focused on spiritual, emotional, and disciplinary matters. My study considers four major themes from the period's writing on child nurture that changed over time, including depravity and innocence, parent/child bonding, standards of behavior and moral rectitude, and children's influence on adults. It demonstrates how Spencer's paintings, prints, and drawings featuring children supported and challenged these evolving ideologies, helping to shed light not only on the artist's reception of child-rearing advice, but also on its possible impact on her middle-class audience, to whom she closely catered. In four chapters, I investigate Spencer's images of sleeping children as visual equivalents of contemporary consolation literature during a time of high infant and child mortality rates; her paintings of parent/child interaction as promoting separation from mothers and emotional bonding with fathers; her prints of mischievous children as both considering changing ideals about children's behavior and comforting Anglo-American citizens afraid of what they saw as threatening minority groups; and her pictures with Civil War and Reconstruction subject matter as contending with the popular concept of the moral utility of children. By framing my interpretations of Spencer's output around key issues in the period's dynamic child-nurture literature, I advance new comprehensive readings of many of her most well-known paintings, including Domestic Happiness, Fi, Fo, Fum!, and The Pic Nic or the Fourth of July. I also consider work often overlooked by other art historians, but which received acclaim in Spencer's own time, including the lithographs of children made after her designs, and the allegorical painting Truth Unveiling Falsehood. Significantly, I provide the first in-depth analysis of a newly rediscovered Reconstruction-era painting, The Home of the Red, White, and Blue.

Middle Stone Age (MSA) site distributions in eastern Africa and their relationship to Quaternary environmental change, refugia and the evolution of Homo sapiens

This paper considers the evolution of Homo sapiens in eastern Africa in relation to refugia and bottlenecks around ~200 ka BP, at a macro scale. Middle Stone Age (MSA) lithics, site distributions and locations are analysed in relation to palaeovegetation maps of the last glacial/interglacial cycle, which are used as a proxy for earlier climate cycles. A ‘‘push and pull’’ model is then postulated for the spread of Homo sapiens out of refugia in eastern Africa, involving both volcanism (push) and habitat availability (pull). A date within OIS 5 is suggested for this expansion to other parts of the continent, and potentially further a?eld, contrary to a frequently proposed expansion within OIS 3. ©2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.