Resilience in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease

Background: Resilience is a psychosocial factor associated with clinical outcomes in chronic diseases. The relationship between this protective factor and certain diseases, such heart diseases, is still under-explored. Objective: The present study sought to investigate the frequency of resilience in individuals with ischemic heart disease. Method: This was a cross-sectional study with 133 patients of both genders, aged between 35 and 65 years, treated at Rio Grande do Sul Cardiology Institute - Cardiology University Foundation, with a diagnosis of ischemic heart disease during the study period. Sixty-seven patients had a history of acute myocardial infarction. The individuals were interviewed and evaluated by the Wagnild & Young resilience scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: Eighty-one percent of patients were classified as resilient according to the scale. Conclusion: In the sample studied, resilience was identified in high proportion among patients with ischemic heart disease.

PROFILE OF CAREGIVERS OF ELDERLY PEOPLE WITH ALZHEIMER DISEASE ASSOCIATED TO RESILIENCE

This exploratory and descriptive study described sociodemographic and health variables of caregivers of elderly people with Alzheimer's disease, associating care provided with resilience. Participants were 101 caregivers over 18 years old who accompanied older adults in a Primary Care Unit of a Brazilian public hospital in 2009. Questionnaires regarding the profile, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Resilience Scale were used. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Most caregivers were female, without depression, aided by other people in providing care, and had a high degree of resilience. The variables degree of kinship, medical treatment, the use of medication, tiredness, prostration, discouragement, and caregivers' mental health had significant association with resilience. Physical health was significantly associated to experience in care, with 82 elderly people presenting acute cognitive damage. Older adults in the family context can benefit from a more resilient caregiver.

Al lado: Un método para la reducción del sufrimiento mediante decisiones compartidas, en Andalucía

The strategy "Next To", developed in Andalusia, about cooperation between public health services and associations of affected people, to improve the quality of care, has been applied, among other diseases, to the problems of adversity on child health. In order to explore the needs of affected population, it has been made a qualitative study with parents of deceased children, through which it has been identified the key points of improvement in relation to the suffering that occurs in the affected person and their next caregiver environment. The purpose of the study, in addition to identifying areas for improvement, includes providing proposals as recommendations. "Next To" as a participatory and transversal strategy, currently under development, is implicit in the objectives of the Fourth Andalusian Health Plan, since its application encourages the participation and empowerment of people affected by health adversity

Resiliencia organizacional y capital psicológico

Desde la noción universal sobre la empresa como un sistema de interacción con un entorno determinado para alcanzar un objetivo, de manera planificada y en función de satisfacer las demandas de un mercado mediante la actividad económica, su viabilidad, sostenibilidad y crecimiento dependerán, por supuesto, de una serie de estrategias adecuadas no solo para tales fines, sino también para enfrentar diversidad de agentes endógenos y exógenos que puedan afectar el normal desempeño de su gestión. Estamos hablando de la importancia de la resiliencia organizacional y del Capital Psicológico. En un escenario tan impredecible como el de la economía mundial, donde la constante son los cambios en su comportamiento —unos propios de su dinámica e interdependencia, naturales de fenómenos como la globalización, y otros derivados de eventos disruptivos— hoy más que nunca es necesario implementar el modelo de la empresa resiliente, que es aquella entidad capaz de adaptarse y recuperarse frente a una perturbación. Al mismo tiempo, más allá de su tamaño, naturaleza u objeto social, es indispensable reconocer básicamente que toda organización está constituida por personas, lo cual implica la trascendencia que para su funcionamiento tiene el factor humano-dependiente, y por lo tanto se crea la necesidad de promover el Capital Psicológico y la resiliencia a nivel de las organizaciones a través de una cultura empresarial.

Resiliência e velhice: um estudo de fatores de risco e de proteção na saúde do idoso

Resilience consists of a capacity to adapt and overcome situations of risk, from the aid of protective factors. This construct constitutes a process of preventive and multidimensional present in all stages of human development. During this development, it has been immersed in the elderly biopsychosocial changes resulting from the aging process. In this sense, there was a need for a multidisciplinary study, combining psychology, medicine, nursing, social work and gerontology in order to check the resilience, its risk factors, such as life events and health, and protection, such as self-esteem and social support. For this, we performed a descriptive exploratory study of cross-sectional nature, along with a convenience sample consisting of 65 elderly users of the public health of the district east of the city of Natal/RN, Brazil. This research allowed the collection of socio-demographic, economic, relational, physical, biological and psychological in understanding the aging process. It is observed that the studied sample socio-economic status and chronic health conditions in their own lives and their families, that demand for care and attention every day, are resilient, have faced significant losses, have positive self-esteem and social support perceived as external satisfactory. Given this multidimensional nature, the aging process deserves the attention of many professionals and health policies, seeking provide to the elderly a better living conditions and mechanisms that promote well-being and health

Adversidades e resiliência no contexto da depressão materna: estudos de casos comparativos

A depressão materna, associada a outros estressores, configura cenários contextuais familiares que podem influenciar o desenvolvimento infantil. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se caracterizar e comparar, por meio do método de estudo de caso, condições favorecedoras de resiliência ou de adversidade para crianças em idade escolar que convivem com a depressão materna recorrente, focalizando os processos-chave da resiliência, analisados em cenários familiares diversos. Foram avaliadas seis duplas mãe-criança, sendo mães com depressão recorrente e episódios moderados ou graves, três crianças com dificuldades escolares e comportamentais e três crianças sem tais dificuldades. Foram aplicados entrevistas, questionário e testes psicológicos, integrando-se os dados em três cenários familiares associados à depressão materna. Para crianças sem dificuldades, foram identificadas como condições favorecedoras dos processos-chave da resiliência a organização da rotina familiar com a efetiva participação paterna, bem como a postura próativa materna no enfrentamento cotidiano de adversidades.

Perfil de cuidadores de idosos com doença de Alzheimer associado à resiliência

Estudo exploratório-descritivo que objetivou descrever variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde dos cuidadores de idosos com Alzheimer, associando os cuidados realizados à resiliência. Participaram do estudo 101 cuidadores, maiores de 18 anos, que acompanhavam os idosos em unidade básica e em hospital público, no ano 2009. Foram aplicados questionários para perfil, Inventário de Depressão de Beck e Escala de Resiliência. Realizada análise estatística dos dados. A maioria dos cuidadores eram mulheres, sem depressão, recebia ajuda de outras pessoas para cuidar e possuía alto grau de resiliência. Houve associação significativa da resiliência com as variáveis: grau de parentesco, tratamento médico, uso de medicamentos, cansaço, esgotamento, desânimo e saúde mental do cuidador. Saúde física foi associada, significativamente, à experiência no cuidado, sendo que 82 idosos tinham prejuízos cognitivos graves. O idoso no contexto familiar pode ser beneficiado quando o cuidador é mais resiliente.

Inteligência emocional, resilência e bem-estar: um estudo comparativo entre alunos do ensino secundário regular e profissional

Esta investigação teve como principal objetivo estudar a relação entre os constructos Inteligência Emocional, Resiliência e Bem-estar Psicológico em jovens de ensino secundário, em vias distintas de ensino. Participaram no estudo 245 jovens, com idades entre 15 e 23 anos, – 155 inseridos no ensino regular e 90 no ensino profissional –, pertencentes ao Agrupamento de Escolas nº 4 de Évora, que responderam a um Questionário Sóciodemográfico, ao Questionário de Inteligência Emocional traço (TEIQue-SF), à Escala de Resiliência de Wagnil e Young (ER) e à Escala de Medida de Manifestação de Bem-Estar Psicológico (EMMBEP). Os principais resultados encontrados sugerem que os jovens do ensino profissional apresentam níveis mais elevados de inteligência emocional traço, resiliência e bemestar psicológico e apontam para a existência de uma relação positiva entre os três constructos; Emotional Intelligence, Resilience and Well-Being: A comparative study between regular high school and vocational route students Abstract: The primary goal of this investigation was to study the relationship between Trait Emotional Intelligence, Resilience and Psychological Well-Being in young people in distinct routes of education. The participants were 245 boys and girls, between the ages of 15 to 23, 155 of which in regular high school and the remain 90 in vocational routes, that responded to a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, to Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue-SF), to Wagnil and Young´s Resilience Scale (ER) and to the Échelle de Mesure des Manifestations de Bien-Être Psychologique. They all belonged to de school’s cluster nº4, in Évora. The main results found suggest that vocational route students present higher levels of trait emotional intelligence, resilience and psychological well-being and point out to the existence of a positive relationship between the three constructs.

Psychological adaptation to spousal bereavement in old age. The role of trait resilience, marital history, and context of death

This research examined the effect of marital status and gender on various indicators of psychological adaptation, namely depressive symptoms, loneliness, and life satisfaction. It further explores the role of trait resilience, marital history, and context of death for predicting These outcomes in bereaved individuals. Four hundred eighty widowed individuals aged between 60 and 89 were compared with 759 married peers. Main effects were found for marital status and gender for all indicators. The regression analyses illustrate the multifaceted structure of psychological adaptation. Trait resilience is a key factor in adapting to spousal bereavement, whereas marital history and the context are secondary.

Attachment, psychological functioning, and resilience within the street involved youth populations: describing youth who access community agency support

Youth homelessness is defined within the literature as youth who have left their homes and are living independent of parental figures and/or caregivers, have no stable residence or source of income, and lack access to the supports needed to make the challenging transition into adulthood (Canadian Observatory on Homelessness, 2015). Previous research studying homeless (or street-involved) youth has primarily focused on risk factors hindering the development of this population, and has largely ignored resilience, coping, and help-seeking behaviours. The current study examined the attachment styles (both categorically and dimensionally), psychological functioning, resilience, and help-seeking behaviours in street-involved youth of St. John’s, Newfoundland. Face-to face interviews were completed over a four-month period with 63 youth (42 males, 21 females) aged 15-29 (Mage = 20.00), recruited from a local community organization providing outreach services to street-involved youth. Results revealed the disproportionate struggles of the street-involved youth population, and highlighted higher levels of attachment insecurity, psychological distress and lower resilience compared to normative peers. Findings also showed a significant difference in psychological functioning, overall resilience, and emotional reactivity based on individual attachment style. In an exploratory model of help-seeking, a positive relationship was found between overall resilience (defined as a sense of mastery and sense of relatedness) and frequency of community service access. However, contrary to predictions, no relationships were found between frequency of community service access and attachment, psychological functioning, or emotional reactivity. Implications of the present findings in development of interventions for street-involved youth are discussed, in addition to strengths and limitations of the present research, and suggested areas of future inquiry.

A way out of the crises for expatriates: The mediating role of psychological capital

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Psychological distress in health sciences college students and its relationship with academic engagement

Objective: To determine the prevalence of psychological distress and its relationship with academic engagement (absorption, dedication and vigor), sex and degree among students from four public universities. Method: A non-experimental,comparative correlational, quantitative investigation without intervention. Study population: 1840 nursing and physical therapy students. The data collection tool used was a questionnaire. Results: A 32.2% prevalence of psychological distress was found in the subjects; a correlation between vigor and psychological distress was found for all of the subjects and also for women. High absorption and dedication scores and low psychological distress scores predicted higher vigor scores. Conclusion: The risk of psychological distress is high, especially for women. Women seem to have a higher level of psychological distress than men. Vigor, energy and mental resilience positively influence psychological distress and can be a vehicle for better results during the learning and studying process.







Transgenerational transmission of trauma in families of Holocaust survivors: The consequences of extreme family functioning on resilience, Sense of Coherence, anxiety and depression.

BACKGROUND: The psychological transmission of the noxious effects of a major trauma from one generation to the next remains unclear. The present study aims to identify possible mechanisms explaining this transmission among families of Holocaust Survivors (HS). We hypothesized that the high level of depressive and anxiety disorders (DAD) among HS impairs family systems, which results in damaging coping strategies of their children (CHS) yielding a higher level of DAD. METHODS: 49 CHS completed the Resilience Scale for Adults, the Hopkins Symptom Check List-25, the 13-Item Sense of Coherence (SOC) scale, and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale. We test a mediation model with Family types as the predictor; coping strategies (i.e. Resilience or SOC) as the mediator; and DAD as the outcome variable. RESULTS: Results confirm that the CHS׳ family types are more often damaged than in general population. Moreover, growing in a damaged family seems to impede development of coping strategies and, therefore, enhances the occurrence of DAD. LIMITATIONS: The present investigation is correlational and should be confirmed by other prospective investigations. CONCLUSIONS: At a theoretical level we propose a mechanism of transmission of the noxious effects of a major trauma from one generation to the next through family structure and coping strategies. At a clinical level, our results suggest to investigate the occurrence of trauma among parents of patients consulting for DAD and to reinforce their coping strategies.

Resilience and unmet supportive care needs in patients with cancer during early treatment: A descriptive study.

PURPOSE: The concept of resilience is gaining increasing importance as a key component of supportive care but to date has rarely been addressed in studies with adult cancer patients. The purpose of our study was to describe resilience and its potential predictors and supportive care needs in cancer patients during early treatment and to explore associations between both concepts. METHODS: This descriptive study included adult cancer patients under treatment in ambulatory cancer services of a Swiss hospital. Subjects completed the 25-item Connor-Davidson-Resilience Scale and the 34-item Supportive Care Needs Survey. Descriptive, correlational and regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: 68 patients with cancer were included in the study. Compared to general population, resilience scores were significantly lower (74.4 ± 12.6 vs. 80.4 ± 12.8, p = .0002). Multiple regression analysis showed predictors ("age", "metastasis", "recurrence" and "living alone") of resilience (adjusted R2 = .19, p < .001). Highest unmet needs were observed in the domain of psychological needs. Lower resilience scores were significantly and strongly associated with higher levels of unmet psychological needs (Rho = -.68, p < .001), supportive care needs (Rho = -.49, p < .001) and information needs (Rho = -.42, p = .001). CONCLUSION: Ambulatory patients with higher levels of resilience express fewer unmet needs. Further work is needed to elucidate the mechanism of the observed relationships and if interventions facilitating resilience have a positive effect on unmet needs.