Active Controllers or Wealthy Rentiers?: Large Shareholders in Victorian Public Companies

This article addresses the issue of whether large shareholders in Victorian public companies were active in the control of companies or were simply wealthy rentiers. Using ownership records for 890 firm-years, we examine the control rights, socio-occupational background, and wealth of large shareholders. We find that many large shareholders had limited voting rights and neither they nor family members were directors. This implies that the majority of public companies in the second half of the nineteenth century cannot be characterized as family companies and that large shareholders are better viewed as wealthy gentlemen capitalists rather than entrepreneurs.

Scaling the Costs of 404 Testing to Fit the Needs of Small Public Companies

In July of 2002, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed by Congress, including section 404 which requires the auditors to test and opine on the company's internal controls. Since that time there has been much debate about whether the intended benefits of increased investor confidence and financial statement transparency trump the unexpectedly high compliance costs, especially for public companies with market-caps less than $75 million. Before these companies begin complying in the upcoming year, interest groups are calling for the requirements to be 'scaled' to better fit the needs of these companies. While auditors already are expected to scale their audit approach to each individual client, more must be done to significantly decrease the costs in order to reverse the trend of small companies foregoing listing on U.S. capital markets. Increased guidance from the PCAOB, SEC, and other related parties could help the small-cap companies and their auditors be aware of best practices. Also, exempting industries that already follow similar guidelines or are significantly injured by the compliance requirements could help. Lastly, the controversial proposal of rotational audits could be put in place if the affected parties cooperate to remove the undue burden on these small-cap companies. Without some form of significant action, the investors could soon lose the ability to buy small-cap companies in U.S. markets.

The black book: an exposition of abuses in church and state, courts of law, municipal corporations, and public companies;

Includes bibliographical references and index.

CPA audit quality : status of actions taken to improve auditing and financial reporting of public companies : report to the chairman, Oversight and Investigations Subcommittee, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives /

"B-233641"-- P. [1].

Accounting reform and investor protection : hearings before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, second session, on the legislative history of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, accounting reform and investor protection issues raised by Enron and other public companies.

Shipping list number: 2003-0249-P (volumes 1-2, 4), 2003-0247-P (volume 3).

Capital expenditure decision in private and public sector entreprises in India A comparative evaluation

This study is focussed on public and private sector The study is confined to industrial Public companies in the states of Kerala and Orissa along with companies in India. undertakings only. sector and private sector private sector companies in other states were studied. Even though the original plan of 190 companies as the sample size could not be accomplished, as the responses were very poor, but data could be collected frmn 6 public and 5 private sector companies in Kerala, 8 public and 8 private sector companies in Orissa along with 27 private sector companies in other states totalling to 54 companies. The number of years of data collected varies from 2 years to 6 years. Factors which are affecting capital expenditures and hence leading to the performance of private sector compared to public sector companies are studied. After the study and analysis, comparisons are made between public sector and private sector, and suitable recomendations are made so that public sector industries can also perform equally well as the private sector industries in India.

Regulation of the private provision of public water-related services

Includes bibliography

Disclosure of proxy voting information by Australian managed investment schemes

The US Securities and Exchange Comission requires registered management investment companies to disclose how they vote proxies relating to portfolio securities they hold. The primary purpose of this rule is to enable fund investors to monitor the role of institutional shareholders in the corporate governance practices of public companies. In Australia, despite reform proposals, there are no regulations requiring institutional investors to report proxy voting procedures and practises. There is little evidence of voluntary disclosure of proxy voting by Australian managed investment schemes in equities, indicating that there are costs involved in such disclosure.

Territorial strategies and regions

The notion of territorial strategy emerged in the 1990s and has become more and more popular since. It refers to that combination of factors purposely assembled by governments, private and public companies, universities, and industrial associations to exploit a specific geographic competitive advantage in order to boost economic growth through the development of entrepreneurial activity and innovation. Three factors are generally considered to be the building blocks of a territorial strategy: natural resources, human capital, and industrial capabilities. Natural resources derive from environ­ mental conditions and represent raw materials or land available in a region. The presence of natural resources characterizes the typology of an industry (related to tourism, oil, wood, fish, and so forth) that exists or could exist in a certain area. Human capital refers to the stock of competences available in a certain region resulting from education and work experience. Industrial capabilities relate to complex constructs of specialized expertise, the confidence to apply knowledge and skills in various contexts and under changing conditions, and an ability repeatedly to improve methods and processes in a specific industry.

Audit reports in Australia 2005-2013 : preliminary analysis

This paper provides a preliminary summary of audit reports for Australian listed public companies for the period 2005 to 2013. This summary focuses on auditor reporting in the most recent period 2011 to 2013.

Audit reports in Australia : 2005-2013: Preliminary Findings

This paper provides a preliminary summary of audit reports for Australian listed public companies for the period 2005 to 2013, focusing on auditor reporting in the most recent period 2011 to 2013. Prior research has shown that audit reports modified for uncertainty relating to the going concern assumption increased following the shock of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in late 2007. This occurred in Australia from 2008 where Xu et al. (2011) find that reports modified for going concern uncertainty increase from 12% in 2005 to 2007 to 18% in 2008 and 22% in 2009. Similar trends are observable for the United States as shown by an increase from 14% in 2003 to 21% in 2008 (Cheffers et al. 2010, Geiger et al. 2014). The aim of this report is to examine the frequency of the various types of audit reports issued in Australia during the period 2011 to 2013, with a focus on reports emphasizing significant uncertainty in regard to the going concern assumption.

Um estudo sobre a relação entre ações preferenciais e valor de mercado das empresas brasileiras de capital aberto

O mercado de capitais brasileiro se caracteriza pela alta concentração de poder nas mãos de poucos acionistas controladores. No Brasil, a existência de ações preferenciais sem direito a voto enseja o surgimento de conflito de agência entre acionistas controladores e acionistas minoritários, agravado pelo fato de que o controle pode ser exercido com uma participação relativamente pequena sobre o total de ações emitidas pelas companhias. A concentração de propriedade permitiria a possibilidade de expropriação dos direitos dos minoritários. Diversos estudos empíricos vêm sendo realizados ao longo dos últimos anos com o objetivo de avaliar a influência da estrutura de propriedade das ações sobre o valor de mercado das companhias. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho pretende trazer novas contribuições, com ênfase na participação de ações preferenciais na estrutura de propriedade. Neste trabalho, usando uma amostra de empresas de capital aberto negociadas na BM&FBOVESPA, a partir de teste de diferença de médias, rejeita-se a hipótese de igualdade de valor entre empresas que só possuem ações ON em sua estrutura de propriedade, em relação às que possuem ambos os tipos, ON e PN. Em continuidade, usando modelos de regressão linear, encontra-se relação negativa estatisticamente significativa entre valor de mercado das empresas e variável utilizada para caracterizar a estrutura de propriedade, especificamente, a diferença entre o percentual de participação dos acionistas não controladores no total de ações PN e o percentual de participação dos acionistas controladores no total de ações PN.

Privatização, desestruturação organizacional e da força de trabalho: o caso de uma empresa de energia

Este trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar o processo de privatização, como parte do projeto da reestruturação produtiva e de reforma do Estado, no contexto da crise do setor energético brasileiro nos anos 90. Para isto, é tomado, como caso exemplar, uma empresa do setor elétrico, para investigação das implicações ocorridas para a organização e para os seus trabalhadores. Entende-se aqui que a reforma do setor elétrico é parte integrante de mudanças mais amplas, remetidas à reforma do Estado, a qual adotou como ideologia as políticas neoliberais a partir dos anos 1990 no Brasil. É neste contexto que entendemos a privatização das empresas de utilidade pública no Programa Nacional de Desestatização (PND). Tomamos para o estudo de caso uma empresa do setor elétrico, tendo em vista que a energia representa um insumo essencial para o desenvolvimento de um país. Foi a partir também do desenvolvimento das formas de energia que ocorreram as revoluções industriais e, com isso, o desenvolvimento do capitalismo industrial. Além de revisão teórica e bibliográfica, o estudo contou com pesquisa documental dos relatórios anuais, do planejamento estratégico e da pesquisa de clima organizacional realizados pela empresa investigada. Contribuiu, para a análise, ainda, o processo de observação da autora como participante do cotidiano organizacional, na medida em que é trabalhadora e assistente social da empresa. A pesquisa revela que o período de sete anos em que a empresa permaneceu incluída no PND, acarretou a sua des/reestruturação tanto para a identidade empresarial da empresa quanto para os seus recursos humanos. Diante, da reestruturação, a empresa elaborou seu Planejamento Estratégico, buscando, segundo os padrões empresariais vigentes, ser referência mundial, ter excelência empresarial e rentabilidade. Ao mesmo tempo, estabeleceu abstratamente a valorização das pessoas, a transparência, a ética e a responsabilidade sócio-ambiental. Porém, ao analisar o seu Planejamento Estratégico e a pesquisa de Clima Organizacional, constatamos as contradições existentes na empresa. Entre as contradições, verificamos ser a gestão de recursos humanos, o principal desafio a ser superado nesse processo de reestruturação.