Turismo, capital social e produção do espaço: uma leitura a partir do município de Natal/RN no período de 1980 a 2012

Nowadays, there is a tourism phase in the city of Natal/RN called internationalization of tourism , which shows a tourism model with a planning and an administration, based on the needs of the visitors. Such process shows that the production as well as the reproduction of the city spaces with the goal of favor tourism excludes of its composition the effective participation of local subjects. Thus, the research is a result of the perception of tourism as an activity with a meaningful power of transformation of the social and natural space taking into account the low participation of the residents in the decisions of the tourism activities in the city of Natal/RN. Despite that reality, it is possible to note Natal that civil society, starts to mobilize its citizens trying to develop collective actions to low the negative impacts caused by the bad planning as wells not efficient tourism administration, trying to put in action the right of the local population to take part in the decisions of the city activities. Having this panorama as background, this paper aims at investigating in which way the mobilizing action of the social capital in Natal has contributed to change the spatial production which is part of the process of expansion of tourism in Natal/RN? The research presents a temporal picture which starts in the year of 1980, when occurs the first effective state intervention aiming to develop tourism in the capital, taking into account an analysis of 2012. Concerning the spatial picture, the research investigates the beaches of Natal which concentrates criteria and actions such as: visitation, tourism appeal and focus of investments, highlighting the following beaches: Ponta Negra, Areia Preta, Praia dos Artistas, Praia do Meio, Praia do Forte and Redinha. This study is of a descriptive and exploratory nature concerning its goals. With respect to the treatment of its object it is a qualitative research. The data was collected through structural interviews, with open questions. Regarding the methodological choices, it was used the content analysis proposed as well as the collective discursive subject methodology. The results show that there´s not yet in Natal a meaningful social capital related to tourism, capable to change the spatial production related to the activity. It should be stressed that Natal social capital presents difficulties concerning the incentive to trust, spontaneous cooperation and the civic participation, which are the foundation for the development of an effective social capital, which makes it harder for a more expressive articulation in the reality in Natal/RN. It should be stressed, as an answer to the research questions, that tourism in Natal/RN is represented by social and spatial segregation. In other words it emphasizes mainly the action of hegemonic agents (State and market), leaving little room for the participation of society. It can be noticed that the actions related to tourism in Natal keeps the popular participation out of the way. Thus, it can be said that the social capital in Natal/RN does not yet contribute to a more fair spatial production related to the expansion of the tourism as well as the well being of the population of Natal/RN. In conclusion, it should be taken into account that this participation do exists but not in a meaningful way. In other words, it´s not enough yet to cause meaningful changes in the actions which tourism needs nowadays in Natal/RN

A participação dos residentes no processo de produção do território turístico em Canoa Quebrada-CE

The work present entitled the participation of resident in the production process of the tourist territory in Canoa Quebrada/CE has as objective analyse of which form the site population participates of the manufacturing process and appropriation of the territory s tourist Canoa Quebrada CE , in period undestood between from 1980 to the present day. The theoretical variable about which rest this search is the concept the territory expressed in the manifested in the process deterritorialization that always appears in conjuction whith the reconstruction of territories, in other words, the process of repossession. The migratory movement of new residents acts in the new sociospatial configuration that location, form new territoriality and (de) territorializing in space turistificado reflected dialectically through the emergence of a new sociospatial setting consisting of forms and images expressed physically in place.Finish the job showing that the participation of resident native and nonnative in the production process of the tourist territory in Canoa Quebrada occurred unevenly characterized by dominance of a small group, who has control of the practice of this activity, thus appears that tourism can be tendentious, since a large portion of the population does not benefit from their results, having a exclusion with various impacts that directly affect the everyday social population

Ilha de Santana e Alto de Santa Rita: a produção do espaço a partir do turismo em Caicó e Santa Cruz - RN

Tourism is an activity that uses the spatial objects and also produces and because it creates an economic activity areas for leisure. So for this to occur itdoes need a space reorganized, with infrastructure to receive visitors. And in the process of construction / reconstruction of tourist destination the state comes as a precursor, creating public policies that tourism can develop. Thus, this paper examines the transformation process by which the spaces are aiming to become tourist, and what changes occur in socio-spatial dynamic of the city in which this activity is inserted. The spatial area of study refers to the Alto de Santa Rita, Santa Cruz and the Isla de Santana Tourist Complex in Caicó both in Rio Grande do Norte. The reconstruction of the Island de Santana did not occur randomly, in order that the spatial changes were performed to meet the demand for which Caicó had to perform his greatest social and religious event, the Feast of Santana, which occurs since its colonization in year 1748 and also the Carnival these two events being considered as a strong tourist attraction of the city. And the Santa Rita High was built in order to enter the city of Santa Cruz in the script of religious tourism of the state through the devotion of the patron. The Dissertation isstructured in five parts, the first refers to the introduction of the work, while the second examines how tourism wound to the Rio Grande do Norte and internalizesthe third part deals with the spaces for tourism in these cities, the the fourthidentifies as the symbolism of these spaces influence the transformation and the latter reveals how these spaces affect the socio-economic structure of cities across the events

A ilusão urbanística: análise crítica sobre a (re)produção do espaço urbano no município de Ilha Bela - SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

URBANIZAÇÃO TURÍSTICA E A PRODUÇÃO DO ESPAÇO NOS CENTROS DO LAZER: UM ESTUDO SOBRE PRAIA DO FORTE – BAHIA

A pesquisa, “Urbanização turística e a produção do espaço nos centros do lazer: um estudo sobre Praia do Forte – Bahia” tem como objetivo analisar como o turismo promove a reestruturação urbana nas localidades litorâneas. Para a compreensão desse processo, tomou-se como exemplo a comunidade de Praia do Forte no estado da Bahia. Objetivando o desenvolvimento do estudo foi realizada uma pesquisa de gabinete e de campo junto aos moradores locais, turistas e veranistas, com o intuito de analisar o reordenamento de antigos espaços, a inserção de novas formas espaciais, assim como a construção da paisagem urbana, a inserção da população local no modelo turístico e se o mesmo vem contribuindo para o desenvolvimento local. Esse processo gerou a espetacularização do lugar, assim como uma imagem artificial de localidade simples e bucólica, visto que nada tem de autêntico em relação à antiga comunidade de pescadores. Assim, a urbanização turística transformou uma pequena e simples localidade pesqueira em um elegante destino turístico, representativo da nova forma de urbanização que vem se destacando no século XXI, onde a produção do espaço está assentada no consumo de paisagens e atividades de lazer e entretenimento.

O espaço geográfico como categoria de análise para o fenômeno do turismo em Conservatória Valença/RJ

O turismo é considerado uma das principais atividades econômicas de nossa sociedade no mundo contemporâneo e, por ser geradora de significativas transformações espaciais, conclui-se que a ciência geográfica pode oferecer importantes ferramentas para a sua compreensão. Desta forma, foi utilizado um dos principais conceitos da geografia para cumprir tal estudo, o espaço geográfico. Identificou-se, nas relações de poder da produção do espaço turístico, os principais atores responsáveis pela expansão do turismo, como é realizada a invenção dos atrativos para tornar os lugares atraentes para tal atividade e, as principais transformações espaciais para dar viabilidade a expansão do turismo, abordando as principais conseqüências socioeconômicas derivadas dessas articulações. Para exemplificar tal reflexão foi escolhido o distrito de Conservatória, localizado no município de Valença, na Região do Médio Vale Paraíba do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Esta pesquisa, no entanto, objetivou-se em investigar as transformações socioespaciais ocorridas em função do turismo no distrito de Conservatória nos últimos anos, apontando o contexto de seu surgimento, os agentes sociais promovedores desta atividade e seus interesses, além de tratar os impactos para a população local. Percebeu-se que os empreendedores turísticos em conjunto com o poder público estabelecem políticas para tornar possível o desenvolvimento do turismo em Conservatória, muitas vezes em detrimento dos interesses de seus habitantes. Na elaboração desta pesquisa foram utilizadas as principais bibliografias que tratam sobre o tema, além de trabalhos de campo

Diagnóstico do espaço turístico e das propostas de gestão no município de Cachoeiras de Macacu.

2009

Impacto urbano em áreas de interesse e proteçõa ambiental : produção do espaço em zonas de preservação ambiental da cidade de Pelotas na lei 2565/80

Os impactos associados ao crescimento e transformação urbana ampliaramse nesse último século, nas cidades brasileiras. O processo de degradação e a desequilibrada ocupação do espaço periférico constituem problemas urbanos marcantes, onde conflitos de interesses diversos são materializados no espaço por acentuadas desigualdades sociais. Nesse contexto, são identificadas deficiências no sistema de planejamento tradicional em tratar o processo de produção e uso do espaço urbano relacionado à problemática socioespacial e ambiental. Considerando as áreas protegidas inseridas nas cidades, esse trabalho busca relacionar urbanização e meio ambiente através do estudo do impacto e avaliação de desempenho da lei 6525/80, II Plano Diretor de desenvolvimento urbano da cidade de Pelotas no período 80/2000 em zonas de preservação ambiental, na busca de alternativas aplicáveis ao planejamento urbano, examinando os processos mais gerais de produção do espaço e a estrutura fundiária. Foram selecionadas variáveis relativas à problemática ambiental e espacial, relacionadas com a regulamentação vigente, Lei 6525/80 e com aspectos socioeconômicos a fim de proporcionar o monitoramento da informação do desenvolvimento urbano. Propõe-se, na análise, a classificação das zonas de preservação em Unidades Espaciais de Planejamento-UEPs, as glebas assentamentos, em Unidades Espaciais de Desempenho-UEDs, e o ambiente natural em Unidades Geomorfológicas-UGs, cujos dados relativos aos aspectos ambientais, espaciais e socioeconômicos são identificados, descritos e analisados posteriormente através de procedimentos estatísticos multivariados. As conclusões desse trabalho mostram a inadequação da regulamentação, lei 6525/80, no que se refere aos mecanismos de controle da dinâmica de uso do solo, quanto à qualidade do espaço produzido e proteção do meio ambiente, assim como a validação da metodologia aplicada na análise. A utilização de instrumentos de planejamento e gestão mais dinâmicos se faz necessário, assim como a utilização de novas metodologias, considerando os processos naturais relacionados ao meio ambiente no qual a cidade está inserida.

O capital imobiliário e a produção do espaço urbano: o caso da Cia City

Trata a inter-relação entre os processos sócio-econômicos e o desenvolvimento urbano

O processo de produção do espaço urbano e da segregação sócio-espacial: um estudo sobre a cidade de São Carlos

Trata-se de desenvolver uma análise sobre o processo de urbanização na cidade de São Carlos e, no contexto dessa análise, de identificar os determinantes da passagem de um padrão de moradia popular a outro, em um momento histórico de destruição da hegemonia agro-exportadora e de início e consolidação da industrialização.

Das "belezas que emanam dos jardins suspensos de Ipanema e Copacabana": políticas governamentais, demandas por memória e produção do espaço no Museu de Favela do Pavão-Pavãozinho e Cantagalo.

O foco central desta tese é a análise sobre a sistematização e uso da memória nas favelas Pavão-Pavãozinho e Cantagalo, localizadas na Zona Sul da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, tanto quanto a institucionalização destas memórias no Museu de Favela (MUF). Neste trabalho, procuro investigar como se estruturam políticas governamentais em torno da categoria “museologia social” que possibilitam a realização de projetos mobilizando demandas por visibilidade e reconhecimento. Tais demandas são encampadas por sujeitos que compõem segmentos marginalizados da sociedade e têm como objeto principal a publicização de memórias das favelas. Problematizo as estratégias utilizadas pelos agentes para realizar ações que têm a memória como “legado” de projetos de intervenção urbana, além de analisar suas maneiras de produzir novos significados e práticas no espaço da favela.

A Produção do Flagelo : a re-produção do espaço social da seca na cidade de Mossoró (1877-1903-1915)

The great droughts re- produced spaces in the city of Mossoró / RN in the end of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century. Its dimension exceeds the climatic effects becoming social locus when advances over the political and economic sectors, social and cultural of the North / Northeast Brazilian societies during that period. This way, analyzing the re-production of social space in episodes of Mossoró‟s droughts is our toil. So try to reveal each segment, route and aspect of production of space in its size and interface between the perceived, conceived and lived, and subjects related to it - refugees, population and authorities - during the droughts of 1877, 1903 and 1915 within Mossoró city. Therefore, issues such as the constitution and representation of the city and social space in the terrifying experience of the drought of 1877, the production of fixed objects and flows of the urban web through of migrant labor, attempts to control, discipline and spatial planning and ways to resistance to these charges in daily sphere are key issues addressed in this work. For this we use diverse sources as minutes of the city council, reports from provincial presidents, media, memory books and others that sustain us in building our narrative and problematic. This way, the spatial production of Mossoró‟s droughts reveals itself in the field of relations and political-economic transformations and sociocultural, inextricably, that shapes and mobilizes your own social space

A produção do espaço rural no município de Ceará-Mirim

This research intended to study the process of production of the rural space in the municipal district of Little Ceará-Mirim, looking for to identify the transformations in him happened, above all in the last thirty years. Since the beginning of your historical formation, the area in study had as element modelador and transformer of the physiognomy of your territory the culture canavieira that printed in your economy and in your society marks of a powerful nobility. The sugar-cane is covered of a cyclical character facing acme phases and decadence, as the one that it happens at the present time. Simultaneously, the sphere rural cearimirinense is going by changes by the implantation of modern companies gone back to the papaya production destined to the internal market and more precisely to the external market. Of this context they also consist the supplying farms of this same product. In the group of the establishments in the rural landscape here analyzed, they still interfere the mixed farms, the ones that practice agriculture, the ones that were devoted to the livestock, as well as the farms and the ranches. Another innovation is the caprinocultura developed in modern molds, using the system voisin of pasture rodízio being constituted in a pioneering experience in Brazil. Of that reality they announce other elements, to example of the establishments, being configured as new forms of use of the soil. In the perspective of turning them productive, the challenge resides of overcoming the difficulties in them existent. The reality of the space in screen is replete of lacks in all the instances. It is inferred that the municipal district possesses an enormous potential, however the performance of the administrative components is seen as deficient. He becomes urgent that the municipal public power promotes changes, mainly in what it respects to the social area, with a better attendance to the rural communities, for them to act positively in the process of the development of this municipal district

Produção do espaço e transformações urbanas no litoral sul de João Pessoa - PB

This present work has as its objective the analysis of transformations relating to the production processes in the Southern littoral urban space of the city of João Pessoa PB. The research estimated that the urban space is the product, means and condition of the society which produces it. The object-area of this inquiry is constituted of five districts: Altiplano Cabo Branco, Portal do Sol, Ponta do Seixas, Penha and Costa do Sol. The urban expansion which occurs in this area is characterized by the appearance of sufficient contradictory space phenomenona. On the other hand, the launching of real estate products such as the horizontal closed condominiums, directed towards the upper class, and the occurrence of areas of irregular occupation, inhabited by lower socioeconomic class and with a great lack of infrastructure and basic urban services, revealing the social contradictions. Due to this, processes such as auto-segregation and segregation imposed beyond the precarious and delinquent inclusion, has become the determining characteristic of this part of the city in analysis. The study also takes into account the appreciation of the new urban environmental zoning of Altiplano do Cabo Branco and from this moment on, start the discussion about the tendencies of urban expansion in this area, due to the interests and strategies of the real estate sector and the prominent role of the government in the current valorization process of urban soil of the area. The presence of residuals of agricultural businesses indicates a typical picture of the peri-urban areas configuring what we observe today at the Southern littoral of João Pessoa

O processo de (re)produção do espaço urbano de Nova Parnamirim

The public and private politics that was implemented in Natal, have always been attracting, great contingent of people in search of employments. However, not always, they can attend the migratory demands. Recently, Nova Parnamirim that is situated in the municipal district of Parnamirim - RN, due to proximity with Natal, it is passing for an intensive and accelerated occupation process impelled by the urban politics that created and they determined new diversities, leaning in the growth of the modern tertiary. In this context, Nova Parnamirim is suffering, along the time, substantial transformations in your espace, so much of nature social as environmental, that are affecting in the quality of your residents' life. This fact is mainly linked in the absence of an appropriate urban planning that have to be considered as an instrument norteador of the development of the city in its constant construction process. The study has as objective to analyze the social-space dynamics of the area and their implications, identifying the principal agents that promote and they benefit of that urbanization process. For the ccomplishment of this research it was executed bibliographical readings that turn of theoretical studies about the urban subjects and enviroments, besides field activities for the rising of the data investigated in the methodological approach