Difference and equality: A critical theorist analysis of post-modern philosophy

The following paper is a critical theorist analysis of post-structuralist philosophy. It examines the omission of an economic critique in post-structuralism and describes this omission as the result of a particular flaw in Nietzsche's epistemological work, an error which has persisted all the way down through deconstruction, post-colonialism, and cultural studies. The paper seeks to reintroduce an economic critique of capitalism back into the social critique of post-structuralism, with the promise that the combination of the two will prove stronger than either critical theory or post-structuralism alone. To achieve this it reinterprets Marx' concept of metabolism as a critical economic category that mirrors post-structuralism's concept of differance.

The ‘Global Dimension’ of Contemporary Politics. An Argument for Taking ‘Global’ Seriously

Recent years have seen a striking proliferation of the term ‘global’ in public and political discourse. The popularity of the term is a manifestation of the fact that there is a widespread notion that contemporary social reality is ‘global’. The acknowledgment of this notion has important political implications and raises questions about the role played by the idea of the ‘global’ in policy making. These questions, in turn, expose even more fundamental issues about whether the term ‘global’ indicates a difference in kind, even an ontological shift, and, if so, how to approach it. This paper argues that the notion of ‘global’, in other words the ‘global dimension’, is a significant aspect of contemporary politics that needs to be investigated. The paper argues that in the globalization discourse of International Studies ‘global’ is ‘naturalized’, which means that it is taken for granted and assumed to be self-evident. The term ‘global’ is used mainly in a descriptive way and subsumed under the rubric of ‘globalization’. ‘Global’ tends to be equated with transnational and/or world-wide; hence, it addresses quantitative differences in degree but not (alleged) differences in kind. In order to advance our understanding of contemporary politics, ‘global’ needs to be taken seriously. This means, firstly, to understand and to conceptualize ‘global’ as a social category; and, secondly, to uncover ‘global’ as a ‘naturalized’ concept in the Political and International Studies strand of the globalization discourse in order to rescue it for innovative new approaches in the investigation of contemporary politics. In order to do so, the paper suggests adopting a strong linguistic approach starting with the analysis of the word ‘global’. Based on insights from post-structuralism as well as cognitive and general constructivist perspectives it argues that a frame-based corpus linguistic analysis offers the possibility of investigating the collective/social meaning(s) of global in order to operationalize them for the analysis of the ‘global dimension’ of contemporary politics.

Gènere i bilingüisme: connectant experiències i teories. Introductory paper in Santaemilia, José, Patricia Bou, Sergio Maruenda i Gora Zaragoza International Perspectives on Gender and Language

Peer-reviewed

À toi pour toujours? Le Canadien de Montréal comme enjeu national d'une guerre culturelle

Le nationalisme est souvent présenté comme étant civique ou ethnique. En réalité, toute nation se définit avant tout par sa culture. Les États, le plus souvent composés de deux ou plusieurs nations, sont le théâtre permanent d'une guerre culturelle. Inspiré par le cadre théorique défini par le post-structuralisme et le post-colonialisme, l’objectif de la recherche est de montrer que le sport en tant qu’agent culturel actif a historiquement été instrumentalisé pour alimenter la guerre culturelle au sein des États. L'analyse critique des différents écrits académiques touchant au Canadien de Montréal montre comment la guerre culturelle s’est déployée sur le territoire du Québec à travers les pratiques discursives qui ont sculpté les représentations symboliques de cette équipe de hockey.

Derrida and metaphor : drawing out the relation between metaphor and proper meaning through différance

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

La résistance à venir : exploration théorique autour du mouvement Occupy

Cette recherche, par une approche deleuzienne – mais aussi inspirée des écrits de Guattari, Foucault, Bergson et Massumi –, vise à approfondir le bagage théorique associé au concept de résistance. En abordant les notions de néolibéralisme, de démocratie et de société de contrôle, une conceptualisation particulière du pouvoir est développée : non pas un biopouvoir – ayant force sur la vie – mais un ontopouvoir – ayant force de vie. À travers l’étude micropolitique du mouvement de contestation Occupy (2011), les concepts d’affect, d’événement, de préfiguration, de devenir, de structure et de consensus sont travaillés, et des possibilités résistantes sont cartographiées et théorisées. En somme, cette synthèse conceptuelle élabore une forme de résistance radicalement autre que celles préconisées par la démocratie (néo)libérale représentative ou la politique identitaire : une résistance intrinsèquement créative tournée vers ce qui n’existe pas encore.

La formation du sujet dans la philosophie féministe de Judith Butler

Dans Trouble dans le genre, Judith Butler conteste l’aspect identitaire du féminisme, qui selon elle produirait de nouvelles possibilités d’exclusion, basées sur la catégorie même de « femme ». Je ne contesterai pas le mouvement qu’elle adopte, à savoir que la sexualité informe du genre, qui produit le sexe, bien que j’exposerai les difficultés que cela soulève. Mon intérêt se situe dans la vision que Butler a de la formation des sujets individuels et de leur rattachement à des identités collectives, via la performativité du genre. Sa position voulant que le genre soit un acte et l’identité une pratique, je vais expliquer comment elle conçoit l’humain constitué par ses actes et critiquer, avec deux auteures féministes, sa conception du genre. J’en conclurai que Butler doit admettre qu’une forme d’identité féminine soit nécessaire au féminisme tout en tenant compte de son plaidoyer d’inclusion des individus aux sexualités marginales.

Análisis cruzado de las respuestas del neoinstitucionalismo liberal y del constructivismo social aplicadas al estudio de la OTAN y sus Estados miembros

Esta monografía ayuda a responder la pregunta del porque los Estados actuan a través de organizaciones internacionales a partir de los postulados del neoliberalismo institucional de Robert Keohane y del constructivismo Social de Alexander Wendt.

"I'm still here. Sort of." : Constructed Identities in Paul Auster's City of Glass

Paul Auster’s City of Glass contains a jumble of identities. In fact, the identities are more numerous than the characters, and consequently, characters have several different identities. Some of these identities are obvious constructs, but with others the degree of construction is less evident. Poststructuralist theory, however, puts forward the idea that these seemingly original identities are in fact constructs to the same level as all others. Thus, this essay argues that there are no original identities; identities are constructed by outer factors. This essay discusses three outer factors contributing to the construction of identities, factors commonly discussed in poststructuralist criticism, these three being language, cultural codes and chance.

Gêneros, sexualidades e Educação Física escolar: um início de conversa

Physical Education establishes relations about sex-gender-sexuality by its programs. Thinking approaches among gender and sexuality questions from scholar Physical Education is a productive challenge. Inspired in post-structuralism studies, we problematized dialogues among body, gender, identity and body movement culture. Bodily our sports practices educate citizens beyond their performances, health and beauty. Their "truths" produce gender and sexuality brands in a culture process of branding differences. Cultural events are related in binary categories as good-bad, beautiful-ugly, thin-fat, similar-different, normal-unnatural, man-women, heterosexual-homosexual, that don't let to observe the multiplicity of people educate. We must to understand the pedagogical speeches about bodies as constituents of their own bloods.

Homofobia e sexualidade em adolescentes: trajetórias sexuais, riscos e vulnerabilidades

Esta pesquisa é um estudo transversal realizado junto a 2282 estudantes de ambos os sexos que cursavam as três séries do ensino médio em três cidades do interior do oeste paulista. O instrumento de coleta de dados empregado foi um questionário autoaplicável com 131 questões. Neste artigo, abordamos as trajetórias sexuais de adolescentes de ambos os sexos que mantêm práticas sexuais homoeróticas ou não. Discutimos as relações desses adolescentes com seus familiares e grupos de pares e a questão de sair do armário como ferramenta política. Tendo como base as concepções de Sedgwick, analisamos os momentos em que sair do armário pode ser uma entre tantas maneiras de manifestação das diferentes sexualidades em relação à heteronormatividade. Apoiando-nos nas colocações de teóricos pós-estruturalistas, abordamos também as construções teóricas e as produções discursivas sobre a adolescência, apontando novas manifestações da juventude na contemporaneidade. Por fim, percebemos a existência de amplos fatores que afetam as decisões de jovens não heterossexuais quanto a sair (ou não) do armário para além da homofobia: eventos pessoais, histórias de vida e mesmo a revelação de sua sexualidade aos pais e/ou a outras pessoas.

Música de câmara e pós-modernismo: os grups Syntagma (CE) e Anima (SP)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)