Elämän ja entisyyden maisemat : Kolgujev nenetsien arjessa, muistelussa ja kerronnassa

The dissertation discusses the conceptions of place and landscape amongst Nenets living on the island of Kolguyev or being of Kolguyev descent. The conceptions are examined through the everyday life of the community, oral recollections and narration that unfold meanings related to the island. The research material has been collected in ethnographic fieldwork in 2000 2005. The duration of individual fieldworks varies from two weeks to three months and their total duration is nearly six months. The fieldwork has been conducted both on the island and in the city of Nar yan-Mar. The main methods have been participant observation and recorded and unrecorded informal interviews. In addition to the field work data, archive materials, travel accounts, and other historical texts by outsiders about Kolguyev or the Nenets living in the European side of Russia have been used as a research material. The analysis is based on the idea of the place as a meeting point of the physical features, experiences in them and collective narration about them. The concept sense of place is used to describe the interaction of these three. Lived space manifests individual s or collective sense of place. The places form different kinds of networks of meanings which are called landscapes. Hot spots are places where different meanings accumulate. Furthermore, the material is analysed using the concepts of Tale World and Story Realm by Katherine Young. The Tale World is a realm created during the Story Realm, i.e. the event of narrations. The Tale Worlds are true as such but become evaluated in the Story Realm. The Tale Worlds are seen to arise both from the physical features of a place and from oral tradition, but at the same time these worlds give meanings to the place. The Tale Worlds are one of the central ingredients for the sense of place. One of the most central hot spots in Kolguyev is the arok harbour, where most of the themes of the pre-Soviet Tale Worlds are placed: trade and interaction with the Russians, rituals of the popular religion and arrival of the first Nenets to the island. arok is also part of the landscape of the coast where the meetings of Nenets and the other(s) are generally connected. Furthermore, arok is connected to the network of amans graves but also more generally to the landscape of collective sacred and sacrificial places. Another hot spot is the population centre of Bugrino which unfolds through the evaluations of the Tale Worlds. It also is the centre of the everyday life of the community studied. The Tale Worlds of the radiant past fastens on the population centre which is described through the negative models within the genre of litany. Sacred places, that represent the possibility to meet the Otherworld or mark places were encounters with the Otherworld have taken place, generate many kinds of landscapes in the island. They fasten on the graves of the amans, sirtya tradition, and to collective sacred places with their associations. The networks are not closed systems but are given meanings and new associations continuously in narration and recollection. They form multi-level and significant landscapes which reflect the fastening of the Kolguyev Nenets in the tundra of the island. In the research material the holy places and the popular religiousness are emphasised which is one of the most significant research results. It can be seen to reflect collective resistance and the questioning of the atheistic propaganda of the Soviet years. The narration and the recollection often refer also to the discourse of the anti-religious propaganda or use its strategies. The centrality of the holy places is also based on the tenacity of the religious Tale Worlds and sense of place and to the collective significance of the religion in general.

Moda-de-viola: lirismo, circunstância e musicalidade no canto recitativo caipira

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Hologramas de la muerte imprevista : Pregnancia urbana de las Animitas en Chile

El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un análisis integral de la relación que existe entre religiosidad popular y espacio urbano en la práctica de las animitas chilenas. Para ello proponemos un esquema polivalente de análisis, sostenido en el concepto de "holograma de la muerte imprevista". Este esquema propone tres clasificaciones complementarias: la animita como sujeto holográfico, como objeto holográfico y como lugar holográfico. Finalmente, estas tres clasificaciones, complementando extractos de entrevistas y análisis topológicos, muestran la cuasi totalidad de los factores socio-espaciales que esta práctica presenta, lo que da cuenta de la importancia urbana que este tipo de práctica popular posee

Hologramas de la muerte imprevista : Pregnancia urbana de las Animitas en Chile

El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un análisis integral de la relación que existe entre religiosidad popular y espacio urbano en la práctica de las animitas chilenas. Para ello proponemos un esquema polivalente de análisis, sostenido en el concepto de "holograma de la muerte imprevista". Este esquema propone tres clasificaciones complementarias: la animita como sujeto holográfico, como objeto holográfico y como lugar holográfico. Finalmente, estas tres clasificaciones, complementando extractos de entrevistas y análisis topológicos, muestran la cuasi totalidad de los factores socio-espaciales que esta práctica presenta, lo que da cuenta de la importancia urbana que este tipo de práctica popular posee

Hologramas de la muerte imprevista : Pregnancia urbana de las Animitas en Chile

El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un análisis integral de la relación que existe entre religiosidad popular y espacio urbano en la práctica de las animitas chilenas. Para ello proponemos un esquema polivalente de análisis, sostenido en el concepto de "holograma de la muerte imprevista". Este esquema propone tres clasificaciones complementarias: la animita como sujeto holográfico, como objeto holográfico y como lugar holográfico. Finalmente, estas tres clasificaciones, complementando extractos de entrevistas y análisis topológicos, muestran la cuasi totalidad de los factores socio-espaciales que esta práctica presenta, lo que da cuenta de la importancia urbana que este tipo de práctica popular posee

FOLKCOMUNICAÇÃO E OS ESTUDOS DA DEVOÇÃO RELIGIOSA COMO MANIFESTAÇÃO COMUNICACIONAL COM O SAGRADO

Este trabalho aborda o tema Folkcomunicação e os estudos da religiosidade popular como manifestação comunicacional com o sagrado e tem por objetivo analisar os meios de devoção popular como forma de comunicação com o sagrado, sendo o fator existencial (demandas individuais, sociais, econômicas, culturais) das classes socialmente marginalizadas como motivação dessa respectiva comunicação. Foram tomadas as ênfases da teoria da folkcomunicação como referencial para a pesquisa que fez uso, metodologicamente, de pesquisas bibliográficas e pesquisa de campo, onde se aplicou a observação participante, no intuito de perceber o imaginário operante na vida do fiel devoto presentes em suas práticas. A análise revelou que a complexidade cultural gera várias formas de comunicação, dentre elas a religiosidade popular, que é para a vida do fiel devoto, um legado cheio de espiritualidade e riqueza humanitária que se encarna na cultura do povo simples, em especial no tocante à dimensão existencial. Este resultado contribui para o enriquecimento dos estudos folkcomunicacionais, no que concerne à devoção popular como forma de comunicação com o sagrado.

EX-VOTOS MIDIÁTICOS E A RECONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE DA REVISTA AVE MARIA A supressão dos ex-votos no início da década de 1970

No catolicismo popular, o devoto encontra formas próprias de manifestar a sua fé, distante muitas vezes da ortodoxia da Igreja. Os ex-votos são um exemplo claro dessa apropriação de alguns elementos da tradição católica e a sua aplicação no cotidiano religioso do fiel. A revista Ave Maria desde a sua origem no ano de 1898 incentivou os leitores a testemunharem os favores recebidos de Deus por intermédio de algum santo. Nasceu assim na revista o gênero graças alcançadas, que são cartas de fiéis manifestando milagres recebidos. Após o Concílio Vaticano II, final da década de 1960, a Igreja Católica, sobretudo da América Latina, tentou purificar a fé. As práticas devocionais, como a fé nos santos, as promessas e os ex-votos foram claramente combatidos. Neste período a revista Ave Maria suprime os ex-votos midiáticos impressos. A compreensão do processo comunicacional relacionado a este fato é o objetivo dessa pesquisa. A metodologia será composta de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.

How does ‘Newstainment’ actually work? : ethnographic research methods and contemporary popular news

Much debate has taken place recently over the potential for entertainment genres and unorthodox forms of news to provide legitimate – indeed democratized – in-roads into the public sphere. Amidst these discussions, however, little thought has been paid to the audiences for programs of this sort, and (even when viewers are considered) the research can too easily treat audiences in homogenous terms and therefore replicate the very dichotomies these television shows directly challenge. This paper is a critical reflection on an audience study into the Australian morning “newstainment” program Sunrise. After examining the show and exploring how it is ‘used’ as a news source, this paper will promote the use of ethnographic study to better conceptualize how citizens integrate and connect the increasingly fragmented and multifarious forms of postmodern political communication available in their everyday lives.

Less popular but more democratic? Corrie, Clarkson and the dancing Cru

The central cultural experience of modernity has been change, both the ‘creative destruction’ of existing structures, and the growth, often exponential, of new knowledge. During the twentieth century, the central cultural platform for the collective experience of modernising societies changed too, from page and stage to the screen – from publishing, the press and radio to cinema, television and latterly computer screens. Despite the successive dominance of new media, none has lasted long at the top. The pattern for each was to give way to a successor platform in popularity, but to continue as part of an increasingly crowded media menu. Modern media are supplemented not supplanted by their successors.

Media Studies: "Media, History and Society", and "Thinking Popular Culture".

“When cultural life is re-defined as a perpetual round of entertainments, when serious public conversation becomes a form of baby talk, when, in short, a people become an audience and their public business a vaudeville act, then a nation finds itself at risk.” (Postman) The dire tones of Postman quoted in Janet Cramer’s Media, History, Society: A Cultural History of US Media introduce one view that she canvasses, in the debate of the moment, as to where popular culture is heading in the digital age. This is canvassed, less systematically, in Thinking Popular Culture: War Terrorism and Writing by Tara Brabazon, who for example refers to concerns about a “crisis of critical language” that is bothering professionals—journalists and academics or elsewhere—and deplores the advent of the Internet, as a “flattening of expertise in digital environments”.

Journalism, History and the Politics of Popular Culture

I argue that a divergence between popular culture as “object” and “subject” of journalism emerged during the nineteenth century in Britain. It accounts not only for different practices of journalism, but also for differences in the study of journalism, as manifested in journalism studies and cultural studies respectively. The chapter offers an historical account to show that popular culture was the source of the first mass circulation journalism, via the pauper press, but that it was later incorporated into the mechanisms of modern government for a very different purpose, the theorist of which was Walter Bagehot. Journalism’s polarity was reversed – it turned from “subjective” to “objective.” The paper concludes with a discussion of YouTube and the resurgence of self-made representation, using the resources of popular culture, in current election campaigns. Are we witnessing a further reversal of polarity, where popular culture and self-representation once again becomes the “subject” of journalism?

Collaborative Filtering Recommender Systems based on Popular Tags

The social tags in web 2.0 are becoming another important information source to profile users' interests and preferences for making personalized recommendations. However, the uncontrolled vocabulary causes a lot of problems to profile users accurately, such as ambiguity, synonyms, misspelling, low information sharing etc. To solve these problems, this paper proposes to use popular tags to represent the actual topics of tags, the content of items, and also the topic interests of users. A novel user profiling approach is proposed in this paper that first identifies popular tags, then represents users’ original tags using the popular tags, finally generates users’ topic interests based on the popular tags. A collaborative filtering based recommender system has been developed that builds the user profile using the proposed approach. The user profile generated using the proposed approach can represent user interests more accurately and the information sharing among users in the profile is also increased. Consequently the neighborhood of a user, which plays a crucial role in collaborative filtering based recommenders, can be much more accurately determined. The experimental results based on real world data obtained from Amazon.com show that the proposed approach outperforms other approaches.

Restrung New Chamber Festival : Bridging the Gap Between High Art Music and Popular Sensibilities

The Restrung New Chamber Festival was a practice-led research project which explored the intricacies of musical relationships. Specifically, it investigated the relationships between new music ensembles and pop-oriented bands inspired by the new music genre. The festival, held at the Brisbane Powerhouse (28 February-2 March 2009) comprised 17 diverse groups including the Brodsky Quartet, Topology, Wood, Fourplay and CODA. Restrung used a new and distinctive model which presented new music and syncretic musical genres within an immersive environment. Restrung brought together approaches used in both contemporary classical and popular music festivals, using musical, visual and spatial aspects to engage audiences. Interactivity was encouraged through video and sound installations, workshops and forums. This paper will investigate some of the issues surrounding the conception and design of the Restrung model, within the context of an overview of European new music trends. It includes a discussion of curating such an event in a musically sensitive and effective way, and approaches to identifying new and receptive audiences. As a guide to programming Restrung, I formulated a working definition of new music, further developed by interviews with specialists in Australia and Europe, and this will be outlined below.