Herbivory in the previous generation primes plants for enhanced insect resistance.

Inducible defenses, which provide enhanced resistance after initial attack, are nearly universal in plants. This defense signaling cascade is mediated by the synthesis, movement, and perception of jasmonic acid and related plant metabolites. To characterize the long-term persistence of plant immunity, we challenged Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) with caterpillar herbivory, application of methyl jasmonate, or mechanical damage during vegetative growth and assessed plant resistance in subsequent generations. Here, we show that induced resistance was associated with transgenerational priming of jasmonic acid-dependent defense responses in both species, caused caterpillars to grow up to 50% smaller than on control plants, and persisted for two generations in Arabidopsis. Arabidopsis mutants that are deficient in jasmonate perception (coronatine insensitive1) or in the biogenesis of small interfering RNA (dicer-like2 dicer-like3 dicer-like4 and nuclear RNA polymerase d2a nuclear RNA polymerase d2b) do not exhibit inherited resistance. The observation of inherited resistance in both the Brassicaceae and Solanaceae suggests that this trait may be more widely distributed in plants. Epigenetic resistance to herbivory thus represents a phenotypically plastic mechanism for enhanced defense across generations.

Association of plant hairs and insect resistance : an annotated bibliography /

"September 1975."

Genetically modified insect resistance in cotton: some farm level economic impacts in India

The paper explores the impact of insect-resistant Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton on costs and returns over the first two seasons of its commercial release in three sub-regions of Maharashtra State, India. It is the first such research conducted in India based on farmers' own practices rather than trial plots. Data were collected for a total of 7793 cotton plots in 2002 and 1577 plots in 2003. Results suggest that while the cost of cotton seed was much higher for farmers growing Bt cotton relative to those growing non-Bt cotton, the costs of bollworm spray were much lower. While Bt plots had greater costs (seed plus insecticide) than non-Bt plots, the yields and revenue from Bt plots were much higher than those of non-Bt plots (some 39% and 63% higher in 2002 and 2003, respectively). Overall, the gross margins of Bt plots were some 43% (2002) and 73% (2003) higher than those of non-Bt plots, although there was some variation between the three sub-regions of the state. The results suggest that Bt cotton has provided substantial benefits for farmers in India over the 2 years, but there are questions as to whether these benefits are sustainable. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Genetically modified insect resistance in cotton: some farm level economic impacts in India

The paper explores the impact of insect-resistant Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton on costs and returns over the first two seasons of its commercial release in three sub-regions of Maharashtra State, India. It is the first such research conducted in India based on farmers' own practices rather than trial plots. Data were collected for a total of 7793 cotton plots in 2002 and 1577 plots in 2003. Results suggest that while the cost of cotton seed was much higher for farmers growing Bt cotton relative to those growing non-Bt cotton, the costs of bollworm spray were much lower. While Bt plots had greater costs (seed plus insecticide) than non-Bt plots, the yields and revenue from Bt plots were much higher than those of non-Bt plots (some 39% and 63% higher in 2002 and 2003, respectively). Overall, the gross margins of Bt plots were some 43% (2002) and 73% (2003) higher than those of non-Bt plots, although there was some variation between the three sub-regions of the state. The results suggest that Bt cotton has provided substantial benefits for farmers in India over the 2 years, but there are questions as to whether these benefits are sustainable. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Metodologias de pesquisa e tipos de resistência em genótipos de soja a Diabrotica speciosa (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV

Não preferência para oviposição e antibiose em genótipos de eucalipto a Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore, 1964 (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV

Resistência de genótipos de soja Glycine max (L.) a Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood)(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

cis-Jasmone e Tween 20 na indução de metabólitos secundários em soja e seus efeitos em insetos-praga

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos associados de genótipos de eucalipto sobre Thyrinteina arnobia (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) e no predador Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV

Resistência de cultivares de milho convencional e transgênico à Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Não preferência para alimentação e antibiose em genótipos de feijão-caupi a Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, 1857) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Resistência de genótipos de soja a Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas)(HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA