Euphorbia L. subsect. Esula (Boiss. in DC.) Pax in the Iberian Peninsula. Leaf surface, chromosome numbers and taxonomic treatment

Presentem l'estudi taxonòmic dels représentants d'Euphorbia subsect. Esula a la Península Ibèrica. Prèviament, s'inclou un primer capítol dedicai a l'estudi de les epidermis foliars i un segon capítol sobre nombres cromosòmics...

Chromosome numbers in the Triatominae (Hemiptera-Reduviidae): a review

The chromosome numbers of 46 out of the 122 currently recognized species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) are summarized. We present the number of autosomes, the sex mechanism and the first reference for each karyotype.

Chromosome numbers and their taxonomic implications for eight Brazilian andropogons (Poaceae: Andropogoneae)

Eleven chromosome counts are reported for Brazilian populations of eight species of Andropogon. Counts for five of the species are first reports for the species. Four of these species, A. arenarius, A. glaziovii, A. lateralis, and A. lindmanii, are hexaploids (n=30) and belong to a group of about a dozen species informally referred to as the Andropogon lateralis complex. Two other species of this complex, A. bicornis and A. hypogynus, we also found to be hexaploids, in agreement with previous reports. Diploid counts (n=10) for A. macrothrix (a first report) and A. virgatus (the same as two previous reports) support the morphological affinities of these two species to other species complexes within Andropogon. © 1986 the New York Botanical Garden.

Chromosome numbers of some Brazilian species of diplopods (Diplopoda, Arthropoda)

The present paper presents the chromosome numbers of five brazilian species of diplopods: Plusioporus setiger (2n = 10 and 2n= 10+ lB, the distinction of the sexual pair was not possible), Pseudonannolene ophiulus (2n=12, XY), Pseudonannolene halophila (2n=16, XY), Rhinocricus sp. (2n=28, XY) and Rhinocricus padbergi (2n=20, the distinction of the sexual pair was not possible).

Chromosomal evolution in Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) with an emphasis on the genus Acianthera: chromosome numbers and heterochromatin

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Numeros cromosomaticos de plantas marroquies

Se estudian los números cromosomáticos de 11 especies de plantas vasculares recolectadas en Marruecos. Entre ellas cuatro constituyen primeros recuentos.

Numeros cromosomaticos de plantas occidentales 307-314

Se estudiaron metáfases somáticas de meristemas radicales o de tejidos florales. La tinción se realizó con carmín acético para los tejidos florales y con el método de Feulgen para los meristemas radicales.

Numeros cromosomaticos de plantas occidentales 35-37

Se estudió la meyosis en botones florales fijados directamente en el campo. Los testigos se conservan en el Herbario de la Facultad de Farmacia de Barcelona (BCF).

Chromosome polymorphism and cytotype establishment in Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae)

Chromosome evolution, in the Bidens genus, was by polyploidy mechanisms. The basic number to the genus is X = 12 chromosomes, as all the Fitchinae subtribe. The association of chromosome number and environment in these plants was made some time ago, concerning the cytotypes of the species. In this paper, the chromosome number of nine Bidens pilosa populations was studied. The chromosome numbers found were 2n = 48, 70 and 72. In six of the nine populations analysed the most frequent number was 2n = 72. The Ibiuna population had 2n = 70 chromosomes and two had the lowest chromosome number (2n = 48). Observations of the B. pilosa population suggests that ploidy levels were related to a geographical gradient establishing the environmental altitudes. The data showed that lower ploidy levels, that is 2n = 48, were found at lower altitudes, while the populations higher ploidy levels were found in several environments, over a wide distribution.

Malpighiaceae: correlations between habit, fruit type and basic chromosome number

The family Malpighiaceae presents species with different habits, fruit types and cytological characters. Climbers are considered the most derived habit, followed, respectively, by the shrubby and arboreal ones. The present study examines the relationship between basic chromosome numbers and the derivation of climbing habit and fruit types in Malpighiaceae. A comparison of all the chromosome number reports for Malpighiaceae showed a predominance of chromosome numbers based on x=5 or 10 in the genera of sub-family Malpighioideae, mainly represented by climbers with winged fruits, whereas non-climbing species with non-winged fruits, which predominate in sub-family Byrsonimoideae, had counts based on x=6, which is considered the less derived basic number for the family. Based on such data, confirmed by statistic assays, and on the monophyletic origin of this family, we admit the hypothesis that morphological derivation of habit and fruit is correlated with chromosome basic number variation in the family Malpighiaceae.

Chromosome number in germplasm accessions of Paspalum notatum (Gramineae)

Chromosome numbers are reported for 127 germplasm accessions of Paspalum notatum maintained by EMBRAPA (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária) in two research centers in Brazil. Most accessions were collected in their natural habitats in Southern Brazil. Tetraploidy (2n = 40 chromosomes) was predominant (91% of the accessions studied), confirming previous reports for the species. Eleven accessions with 2n = 20 chromosomes, although collected in the wild, are possibly derived from 'Pensacola' bahiagrass, commonly cultivated in the area since its introduction from the United States in the 60's, for the establishment of permanent pastures.

Phylogenetic relationships and infrageneric classification of Epidendrum subgenus Amphiglottium (Laeliinae, Orchidaceae)

Epidendrum L. is the largest genus of Orchidaceae in the Neotropical region; it has an impressive morphological diversification, which imposes difficulties in delimitation of both infrageneric and interspecific boundaries. In this study, we review infrageneric boundaries within the subgenus Amphiglottium and try to contribute to the understanding of morphological diversification and taxa delimitation within this group. We tested the monophyly of the subgenus Amphiglottium sect. Amphiglottium, expanding previous phylogenetic investigations and reevaluated previous infrageneric classifications proposed. Sequence data from the trnL-trnF region were analyzed with both parsimony and maximum likelihood criteria. AFLP markers were also obtained and analyzed with phylogenetic and principal coordinate analyses. Additionally, we obtained chromosome numbers for representative species within the group. The results strengthen the monophyly of the subgenus Amphiglottium but do not support the current classification system proposed by previous authors. Only section Tuberculata comprises a well-supported monophyletic group, with sections Carinata and Integra not supported. Instead of morphology, biogeographical and ecological patterns are reflected in the phylogenetic signal in this group. This study also confirms the large variability of chromosome numbers for the subgenus Amphiglottium (numbers ranging from 2n = 24 to 2n = 240), suggesting that polyploidy and hybridization are probably important mechanisms of speciation within the group.

Lapanthus (Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae): A New Genus from the Southern Espinhaco Range, Brazil

In this paper we describe a new genus of Bromehaceae, Lapanthus, restricted to the southern portion of the Espinhaco Range, Minas Germs State, in southeastern Brazil Two new combinations to accommodate species previously described in the genera Orthophytum and cryptanthus and one new synonym are proposed Lapanthus has morphological affinities with both Cryptanthus and Orthophytum but nevertheless differs by the combination of margins of the petals ciliate, presence of lanceolate petal appendages and free stamens, and also by molecular data Cryptanthus and Orthophytum have petals entire along the margins, and the filaments of the most internal whorl are adnate to the petals Lapanthus stands out by having a pair of lanceolate petal appendages, which are almost completely adnate to the petals In Orthophytum, however, appendages are cupuhform or sacciform and they are totally absent in the genus Cryptanthus Lapanthus and Orthophytum present meiotic and mitotic chromosome numbers equal to n=25 and 2n=50, 100 and 150 respectively, while Cryptanthus presents meiotic and mitotic chromosome numbers n=17 and 2n=34, 36, 54 respectively, and this difference is considered to be an autapomorphic feature of Cryptanthus Descriptions of the genus and species, identification keys, illustrations, photographs of living specimens, and taxonomic comments are provided

Caracterização citogenética em Schlumbergera truncata (Haworth) Moran e Schlumbergera × buckleyi (T. Moore) Tjaden (Cactaceae)

O número cromossômico diplóide de Schlumbergera truncata e Schlumbergera x buckleyi, de indivíduos com diferentes tipos de coloração de pétalas, foi determinado usando-se pontas de raízes. A utilização de 8-hidroxiquinoleína 0,003 M à 36 °C por 3 horas possibilitou melhor separação cromossômica. Técnica de bandeamento C e de coloração Giemsa permitiram o estudo cariológico dessas espécies. O híbrido Schlumbergera × buckleyi (rósea) apresenta 2n = 22 cromossomos com fórmula cariotípica 16 M + 6 SM. Schlumbergera truncata, apresentando pétalas nas cores vermelha, branca e pink, possui 2n = 22 cromossomos, formulação cariotípica idêntica à de Schlumbergera × buckleyi, enquanto a planta com flores de coloração amarelada mostrou 2n = 34 cromossomos. A classificação cromossômica foi baseada no índice centromérico. Nas plantas que apresentam coloração vermelha, branca, pink e rósea nas pétalas, o melhor período de obtenção de metáfases corresponde ao período de florescimento. Schlumbergera truncata com flores amareladas apresenta dois picos anuais de divisão mitótica. Esses resultados dão suporte à um melhor entendimento da biologia no gênero Schlumbergera e auxiliam na classificação taxonômica nos casos onde apenas as características fenotípicas não são suficientemente confiáveis para a classificação das plantas no mesmo táxon.