Jäljittely vuorovaikutteisena keinona oppia toista kieltä videopelitilanteissa

Summary

Suomalaisen laajan turvallisuuden diskurssi : Yhteiskunnan elintärkeiden toimintojen turvaamisen strategiat diskurssianalyyttisesti tarkasteltuna

Strategioita on kaikilla ja kaikkialla. Jos strategioita on paljon, on vähintään yhtä paljon toisistaan eroavia käsityksiä strategioiden merkityksistä ja tarkoituksista. Tämän tutkimuksen mielenkiinto strategioita kohtaan kohdistui niiden teksteihin ja sitä kautta merkityksiin, joita strategiat viestinnällisesti välittävät. Tarkasteltaviksi kohteiksi valittiin Yhteiskunnan elintärkeiden toimintojen turvaamisen strategiat (YETTS) ja Yhteiskunnan turvallisuusstrategia (YTS2010), joista on tullut keskeisiä yhteiskunnallista turvallisuutta ohjaavia asiakirjoja. Tämä valtioneuvoston vuonna 2010 viimeksi julkaisema periaatepäätös on esimerkki pyrkimyksestä ohjata laajaa turvallisuutta koskevaa keskustelua ja toimeenpanna yhteiskunnallisesti merkittäviä kansallista turvallisuutta lisääviä toimintoja. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena on selvittää, kuinka yhteiskunnallista turvallisuutta tuotetaan YETT-strategioilla ja miten ne viestinnällisesti välittävät strategioille ominaisesti asiasisällöistään. Tutkimuksessa haettiin vastauksia kysymyksiin - Miten turvallisuus käsitetään suomalaisessa yhteiskunnassa? - Miten laajan turvallisuuden diskurssi ymmärretään historiallisesta, tieteellisestä ja in-stitutionaalisesta näkökulmasta? - Miten YETT-strategian kaltaisia tekstejä tuotetaan? - Miten YETT-strategiassa kuvataan strategisia tavoitteita ja päämääriä, turvallisuustilanteita ja uhkakuvia sekä miten strategialla välitetään käsityksiä turvallisuuteen liit-tyvistä valtasuhteista? - Miten nämä määritellyt näkökulmat välittyvät periaatepäätöksestä tiedotusvälineille ja miten ne esiintyvät strategiaa toimeenpanevien ministeriöiden internet-sivustoilla?

Characterization of humic substances in salt marsh soils under sea rush (Juncus maritimus)

Humic substances (HS) from salt marsh soils were characterized and the relationships among HS composition and some geochemical factors were analysed. For this, three salt marshes with the same vegetation cover (Juncus maritimus), but with different geochemical characteristics, were selected. The qualitative characterization of the soil humic acids and fulvic acids was carried out by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and VACP/MAS (13)C NMR spectroscopy. HS from salt marsh soils under sea rush (Juncus maritimus) displayed some shared characteristics such as low degree of humification, low aromatic content and high proportion of labile compounds, mainly polysaccharides and proteins. However, although the three salt marsh soils under study were covered by the same type of vegetation, the HS showed some important differences. HS composition was found to be determined not only by the nature of the original organic material, but also by environmental factors such as soil texture, redox conditions and tidal influence. In general. an increase in the humification process appeared to be related to aerobic conditions and predominance of sand in the mineral fraction of the soil, while the preservation of labile organic compounds may be associated with low redox potential values and fine soil texture. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Does habitat modification affect oviposition by the salt marsh mosquito, Ochlerotatus vigilax (Skuse) (Diptera : Culicidae)?

Studies were conducted at sites in south-cast Queensland, Australia, to investigate the effect of habitat modification for mosquito control on the distribution of eggshells of the salt marsh mosquito, Ochlerotatus vigilax (Skuse). Modifications were mainly tunnelling, but an Open Marsh Water Management (OMWM) site and a grid-ditched site were also included. There were two separate experimental designs: one was data collected Before and After (BA) modification and the other was for other sites with a Treatment and Control (TC) experimental design. For the BA data, there were significant reductions in eggshells after modification. Eggshells were generally fewer after modification in areas which were close to unrestricted tidal flushing. A sandy substrate and vegetation changes which resulted in reduced Sporobolus virginicus or mixed Sporobolus and Sarcocornia quinqueflora also contributed to the effect. In the TC experiment, there was no effect of modification at the tunnelled site, eggshells were fewer at the OMWM site, but there were more eggshells at the grid-ditched site. There was some general indication that recent oviposition activity was reduced in sites that had been modified, evidenced by a relatively small proportion of young (dark coloured) eggshells.

Development and characterization of microsatellite loci in the marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus Cervidae)

Marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) is one of the most exposed large mammals in South America. To aid in the conservation management of the species, nine polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and tested on up to 50 animals, showing 3-12 alleles and expected heterozygosity values varying from 0.69 to 0.89. These markers should be of considerable utility in future population and ecological genetics studies of this species. The marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) is the biggest South American species of deer. Originally distributed across a large part of South America, stretching from the south bank of the Amazon river to northern Argentina, significant wild populations are now restricted to the Pantanal, swamplands that cover about 40% of southwest Brazil. The marsh deer is listed as Vulnerable on the Red List of the IUCN. Three populations of the species from three areas in the Parana River basin (between the states of Sao Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul) were recently studied by observing protein polymorphism at 17 loci (Oliveira et al. 2005). Now we are presenting data about isolation of microsatellite markers to improve the results regarding population structure.

South American marsh rats, Genus Holochilus, with a summary of sigmodont rodents.

v.37:no.24(1955)

Bioaccumulation of 210Pb and 210Po in fish tissues in a radioactive naturally enhanced area: the Peníscola marsh (Castelló, Spain)

210Pb and 210Po concentration in fish tissues from Peníscola marsh were analyzed, being this area a radioactive naturally enhanced marsh located in the East coast of Spain. Results showed that 210Po accumulation in tissues could reach values ranging from 28±8 Bq kg-1 in muscle of Cyprinus carpio, to 8558±6378 Bq kg-1 in gut content of Chelon labrosus. On the other hand, 210Pb concentrations ranged from 8±4 Bq kg-1 in muscle of Cyprinus carpio, to 475±481 Bq kg-1 in gut content of Chelon labrosus. Bioaccumulation pattern is generally 210Po&210Pb, except in spine, where more 210Pb than 210Po is accumulated. When comparing our samples to those collected as blanks, individuals from Peníscola marsh showed an enrichment in 210Po and 210Pb in their tissues compared to the blanks. Bioaccumulation factors showed that feeding is the major input route of 210Pb and 210Po into the fish body. Highest values of 210Pb and 210Po concentration in tissues were found on Chelon labrosus and Carassius auratus, being Cyprinus carpio the species with the lowest average values of 210Pb and 210Po accumulation.

Systematics and distribution of the genus Johnsonius Marsh (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) with description of two new species from Brazil

The genus Johnsonius Marsh includes five species, most of them known from Costa Rica and one known from Venezuela, Peru and Costa Rica. Two of these species and two new species were recently collected in Atlantic rain forest. Description of the new species, illustrations of some morphological characters, a key for identification of all known species and the new geographic records are presented.