907 resultados para Pan-americanismo
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Pós-graduação em História - FCHS
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Pós-graduação em História - FCLAS
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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O presente artigo discorre sobre o período de divulgação da revista Em Guarda (1941-1946). No decorrer de sua publicação, os norte-americanos apareciam como modelo de sociedade (político, cultural e social), enquanto aos latino-americanos cabia o papel de fornecer matérias-primas para a fabricação de produtos voltados à guerra. Pretendo discutir as estratégias adotadas pelo mensário na construção do discurso de união interamericana sob a ótica dos Estados Unidos. Desse modo, surgem novas possibilidades para o estudo das relações entre Brasil- Estados Unidos, em particular do pan-americanismo.
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Desde el siglo xix, con la formación de los Estados nacionales en Latinoamérica, se han promovido proyectos integracionistas aún no concluidos. Actualmente se resalta la necesidad de la integración entre países en distintos aspectos: económico, político, militar, diplomático.El primer propósito es analizar históricamente los proyectos de integración en América Latina y dar una mirada al concepto de “panamericanismo”, que surgió en 1890 tras la Conferencia Internacional Americana: examinando el “panamericanismo” como concepto y como política que estuvo estrechamente ligada al surgimiento de Estados Unidos como potencia mundial, y el “panamericanismo”, desde la posición latinoamericana, entendido como el esfuerzo por parte del gobierno norteamericano por controlar política y militarmente a las distintas naciones del continente para favorecer en última instancia su expansión económica (Bobbio, Matteucci y Pasquino, 2002).El propósito final es destacar los intentos de integración en el siglo xx, especialmente desde los proyectos aparecidos en la década del sesenta hasta la formación del Mercado Común del Sur (Mercosur) en 1994; asimismo, observar las dificultades que ha tenido históricamente la comunidad regional, y analizar la experiencia del Mercosur como el más serio proceso de integración latinoamericano –vigente en los comienzos del siglo xxi– en el ámbito económico e, incluso, político.---Integration projects in Latin America during the 20th century: the ‘Mercosur’ and the dream that continues effectiveFrom the nineteenth century, with the formation of the national states in Latin America, have promoted an integrationist projects unfinished. Nowadays, the need of the integration is highlighted between countries in different aspects: economic, political, military man, diplomat.The first intention is to analyze historically the projects of integration in Latin America, and to give a look to the concept “Pan Americanism”, which arose in 1890 after the International American Conference: examining the “Pan Americanism” as concept and as politics that was closely linked to the emergence of The United States as world power, and the “Pan Americanism”, from the Latin-American position, understood as the effort on the part of the North American government for controlling politics and militarily to the different nations of the continent to promote its eventual economic expansion (Bobbio, Matteucci and Pasquino, 2002).The final intention is to emphasize the attempts of integration in the twentieth century, specially, from the projects appeared in the decade of sixty up to the formation of the Common Market of the South (Mercosur) in 1994. Likewise, to observe the difficulties that the regional community has had historically, and to analyze the experience of the Mercosur as the most serious Latin-American process of integration –in force in the beginning of the twenty-first century– in the economic area and, enclosedly, political.Key words: Latin America, pan americanism, integration, Mercosur, twentieth century---Projetos de interrogação na América Latina durante o século xx: O Mercosul e o sonho que continua vigenteDesde o século XIX, com a formação dos Estados nacionais na Latino-América, se têm promovido projetos integracionistas ainda não concluídos. Atualmente se ressalta a necessidade da integração entre países em distintos aspectos: econômico, político, militar, diplomático.O primeiro propósito é analisar historicamente os projetos de interrogação na América Latina e dar uma olhada ao conceito de “pan-americanismo”, que surgiu em 1890 depois da Conferencia Internacional Americana: examinado o “panamericanismo” como conceito e como política que esteve estreitamente ligada ao surgimento de Estados Unidos como potencia mundial, e o “pan-americanismo”, desde a posição latino-americana, entendido como o esforço por parte do governo norte-americano por controlar política e militarmente às distintas nações do continente para favorecer em última instância sua expansão econômica (Bobbio, Matteucci e Pasquino, 2002).O propósito final é destacar as tentativas de interrogação no século XX, especialmente desde os projetos aparecidos na década do sessenta até a formação do Mercado Comum do Sul – Mercosul (Mercado Común del Sur – Mercosur) em 1994; assim mesmo, observar as dificuldades que tem tido historicamente a comunidade regional, e analisar a experiência do Mercosul como mais importante processo de integração latino-americano –vigente a princípios do século XXI- no âmbito econômico e, inclusive, político.Palavras chave: Latino-américa, pan-americanismo, integração, Mercosul, século XX
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em História - FCHS
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A importância histórica do Congresso do Panamá de 1826 como precursor dos sistemas interamericano e mundial é ressaltada. A participação de brasileiros na construção do ideal de união dos países americanos é apresentada. O artigo conclui considerando brevemente o episódio do desaparecimento das atas originais do Congresso e o efeito simbólico da transferência destas do Brasil para o Panamá. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
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Partially aligned and oriented polyacrylonitrile(PAN)-based nanofibers were electrospun from PAN and SWNTs/PAN in the solution of dimethylformamide(DMF) to make the carbon nanofibers. The as-spun nanofibers were hot-stretched in an oven to enhance its orientation and crystallinity. Then it were stabilized at 250 square under a stretched stress, and carbonized at 1000 square in N-2 atmosphere by fixing the length of the stabilized nanofiber to convert them into carbon nanofibers. With this hot-stretched process and with the introduction of SWNTs, the mechanical properties will be enhanced correspondingly. The crystallinity of the stretched fibers confirmed by X-ray diffraction has also increased. For PAN nanofibers, the improved fiber alignment and crystallinity resulted in the increased mechanical properties, such as the modulus and tensile strength of the nanofibers. It was concluded that the hot-stretched nanofiber and the SWNTs/PAN nanofibers can be used as a potential precursor to produce high-performance carbon composites.
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MOST PAN stages in Australian factories use only five or six batch pans for the high grade massecuite production and operate these in a fairly rigid repeating production schedule. It is common that some of the pans are of large dropping capacity e.g. 150 to 240 t. Because of the relatively small number and large sizes of the pans, steam consumption varies widely through the schedule, often by ±30% about the mean value. Large fluctuations in steam consumption have implications for the steam generation/condensate management of the factory and the evaporators when bleed vapour is used. One of the objectives of a project to develop a supervisory control system for a pan stage is to (a) reduce the average steam consumption and (b) reduce the variation in the steam consumption. The operation of each of the high grade pans within the schedule at Macknade Mill was analysed to determine the idle (or buffer) time, time allocations for essential but unproductive operations (e.g. pan turn round, charging, slow ramping up of steam rates on pan start etc.), and productive time i.e. the time during boil-on of liquor and molasses feed. Empirical models were developed for each high grade pan on the stage to define the interdependence of the production rate and the evaporation rate for the different phases of each pan’s cycle. The data were analysed in a spreadsheet model to try to reduce and smooth the total steam consumption. This paper reports on the methodology developed in the model and the results of the investigations for the pan stage at Macknade Mill. It was found that the operation of the schedule severely restricted the ability to reduce the average steam consumption and smooth the steam flows. While longer cycle times provide increased flexibility the steam consumption profile was changed only slightly. The ability to cut massecuite on the run among pans, or the use of a high grade seed vessel, would assist in reducing the average steam consumption and the magnitude of the variations in steam flow.
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Recent literature acknowledges the need for new career development models to support the way that careers evolve in the 21st century workplace (Bloch 2005). This is particularly so within temporary organisation forms, and for those pursuing a career in project management (Hölzle 2010). Our research, explores how project managers working on projects and within temporary organisation forms and those working on project-linked contracts access the development opportunities they require to remain employable in an era of project-by-project employment. Set in Australia where a project-based economy (Crawford, French and Lloyd-Walker 2013) and contract work have led to casualisation of the workforce (Connell & Burgess, 2006; McKeown & Hanley (2009) the results suggest new approaches to career development may be required.