Rintamalta kotiseurakunnan multiin

Artikkeli ilmestynyt julkaisussa: Tampereen hiippakunnan vuosikirja. 46 (1995), s. 95-100

Adaptable Strut-and-Tie Model for Design and Verification of Four-Pile Caps

A large percentage of pile caps support only one column, and the pile caps in turn are supported by only a few piles. These are typically short and deep members with overall span-depth ratios of less than 1.5. Codes of practice do not provide uniform treatment for the design of these types of pile caps. These members have traditionally been designed as beams spanning between piles with the depth selected to avoid shear failures and the amount of longitudinal reinforcement selected to provide sufficient flexural capacity as calculated by the engineering beam theory. More recently, the strut-and-tie method has been used for the design of pile caps (disturbed or D-region) in which the load path is envisaged to be a three-dimensional truss, with compressive forces being supported by concrete compressive struts between the column and piles and tensile forces being carried by reinforcing steel located between piles. Both of these models have not provided uniform factors of safety against failure or been able to predict whether failure will occur by flexure (ductile mode) or shear (fragile mode). In this paper, an analytical model based on the strut-and-tie approach is presented. The proposed model has been calibrated using an extensive experimental database of pile caps subjected to compression and evaluated analytically for more complex loading conditions. It has been proven to be applicable across a broad range of test data and can predict the failures modes, cracking, yielding, and failure loads of four-pile caps with reasonable accuracy.

Análise e avaliação de risco de incêndio através de diagramas “Bow-Tie”

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial

Directory of environmental life scientists / prepared by the Institute of Ecology (TIE) for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

v.7: North Atlantic Region

TIE-2 and VEGFR Kinase Activities Drive Immunosuppressive Function of TIE-2-Expressing Monocytes in Human Breast Tumors.

PURPOSE: Tumor-associated TIE-2-expressing monocytes (TEM) are highly proangiogenic cells critical for tumor vascularization. We previously showed that, in human breast cancer, TIE-2 and VEGFR pathways control proangiogenic activity of TEMs. Here, we examine the contribution of these pathways to immunosuppressive activity of TEMs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We investigated the changes in immunosuppressive activity of TEMs and gene expression in response to specific kinase inhibitors of TIE-2 and VEGFR. The ability of tumor TEMs to suppress tumor-specific T-cell response mediated by tumor dendritic cells (DC) was measured in vitro. Characterization of TEM and DC phenotype in addition to their interaction with T cells was done using confocal microscopic images analysis of breast carcinomas. RESULTS: TEMs from breast tumors are able to suppress tumor-specific immune responses. Importantly, proangiogenic and suppressive functions of TEMs are similarly driven by TIE-2 and VEGFR kinase activity. Furthermore, we show that tumor TEMs can function as antigen-presenting cells and elicit a weak proliferation of T cells. Blocking TIE-2 and VEGFR kinase activity induced TEMs to change their phenotype into cells with features of myeloid dendritic cells. We show that immunosuppressive activity of TEMs is associated with high CD86 surface expression and extensive engagement of T regulatory cells in breast tumors. TIE-2 and VEGFR kinase activity was also necessary to maintain high CD86 surface expression levels and to convert T cells into regulatory cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that TEMs are plastic cells that can be reverted from suppressive, proangiogenic cells into cells that are able to mediate an antitumoral immune response. Clin Cancer Res; 19(13); 3439-49. ©2013 AACR.

Tie omaan ääneen : kehollisuus ja kokonaisvaltaisuus laulunopetuksessa

Työ on hankkeistettu Laulupedagogit ry:n kanssa. Hankkeistamisen muoto on opinnäytetyön abstraktin julkistaminen yhdistyksen kotisivuilla www.siba.fi/laulupedagogit. Pohdin työssäni lauluoppilaan kehollisten kokemusten, opettaja-oppilas -vuorovaikutuksen ja oppimisen suhdetta. Menetelmänä on oman oppimiskokemuksen uloskirjoittaminen ja sen analyysi. Keskityn työssäni opettajani laulutunneillaan käyttämien ääniharjoitusten opetustilanteisiin. Näkökulmana on laulamisen kokemus kokonaisvaltaisena ja kehollisena tapahtumana, jossa tietoinen ajattelu yhdistyy alitajuntaan ja ajattelevaan ja muistavaan kehoon. Työ jakautuu laulutunteihin, joissa jokaisessa pohditaan teemaa eri käsitteiden ja aihepiirien valossa. Kuvaan kokemuksia ja keskusteluja opettajan kanssa subjektiivisesta näkökulmasta, minkä rinnalla pohdin kutakin aihetta myös ulkopuolelta, lähdekirjallisuuden (esim.T. Klemola, T. Koski) kanssa. Miltä tuntuu, kun laulan? Miten koen kehollisuuden laulaessani? Mitä pyrin oppimaan ja mitkä ovat päämääräni laulunopiskelussa? Miten opin laulaessani ja aistin kehittymiseni? Mikä saa minut ylittämään itseni? Pyrin löytämään vastauksia näihin kysymyksiin kielellä, jota laulajat käyttävät ja ymmärtävät. Pohdintojen kautta niin kirjoittaja kuin lukijakin voi etsiä tietä omaan ääneensä ja olemiseensa laulajana, oppilaana ja opettajana.

Akateemikko Lauri Posti 21/5 1975

Kirje 21.5.1975

Vuorineuvos Lauri J. Kivekäs 30/3 1973

Kirje 30.3.1973