Pagoda shadows; studies from life in China.

Mode of access: Internet.

(1S*,3S*,8S*,10S*)-10-Fluoro-15-oxatetracyclo[6.6.1.0(1,10).0( 3,8)]pentadeca-5,12-dien-3-ol

The title compound, C(14)H(17)FO(2), was obtained from anti-4a, 9a:8a,10a-diepoxy-1,4,4a,5,8,8a, 9,9a, 10,10a-decahydroanthracene via tandem hydrogen-fluoride-mediated epoxide ring-opening and transannular oxacyclization. With the two cyclohexene rings folded towards the oxygen bridge, the title tetracyclic fluoroalcohol molecule displays a conformation reminiscent of a pagoda. The crystal packing is effected via intermolecular O-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds, which link the molecules into a zigzag chain along the b axis.

槐花提取化合物K3体外抗HIV-1活性的研究

目的:研究槐花提取化合物K3的体外抗HIV-1活性,并对其抗HIV-1机制进行初步探讨.方法:采用MTT比色法检测化合物对各种细胞的毒性.用合胞体形成计数法,p24抗原捕获ELISA法及RT-PCR等多种方法研究化合物体外抗HIV-1活性.结论:槐花提取化合物K3体外有较好的抗HIV-1活性,能够抑制病毒实验株(HIV-1ⅢB,耐药株(HIV-1 74v)和临床分离株(HIV-1KM018)等多种病毒株的复制,且其作用机制是多靶点的,不仅可以抑制病毒的进入,还可以抑制HIV-1逆转录酶活性.

灯盏花乙素和槐花化合物K3 体外抗HIV-1 活性研究

由于目前抗HIV 药物价格昂贵且有较强的毒副作用，传统药物将成为未来 HIV 治疗的主流药物。许多植物来源的天然化合物体外具有较好的抗HIV 活性， 有些化合物甚至可以作用在病毒复制周期的不同阶段。HIV 侵入抑制剂目前成 为抗HIV 药物研发的热点。HIV 侵入抑制剂靶定在病毒复制周期的结合或融合 位点，对临床中已产生耐药性突变的病毒株也有较好的抑制作用。该类抑制剂 的出现将为HARRT 疗法提供更多新的药物组合。开发新一代的HIV-1 侵入抑制 剂，与逆转录酶或蛋白酶抑制剂联合使用将增加治疗的有效性并减少毒副作用 的产生。 灯盏花乙素（Scutellarin）与槐花化合物K3 均从天然植物资源中提取，且 前者在我国临床上一直有着广泛应用。我们对这两种化合物的抗HIV-1 活性进 行了研究，检测了其对实验室适应病毒株（HIV-1ⅢB）、耐药株（HIV-174V）和临 床分离病毒株（HIV-1KM018）的抑制活性。灯盏花乙素是从植物滇黄芩中分离出 来的具有多种生物活性的黄酮类化合物，该化合物抑制HIV-1ⅢB 诱导C8166 细 胞合胞体形成的EC50 为26μM，选择指数为36。灯盏花乙素对耐药病毒株和临 床分离株也表现出良好的抑制作用。从槐花中提取的硫酸酯类化合物K3 体外研 究证实也有很好的抗HIV-1 活性，它不仅可以抑制HIV-1 致细胞病变效应，也 可以抑制感染细胞中的HIV-1 特异性抗原表达，该化合物的半数有效抑制浓度 EC50 为5～54μM。 灯盏花乙素与槐花化合物K3 的抗HIV-1 机制研究结果表明：两种化合物均 能有效抑制病毒进入细胞。灯盏花乙素在54μM 时抑制45%的病毒粒子进入细 胞，槐花化合物K3 在40μM 时能够有效抑制56％的HIV-1 进入细胞；灯盏花乙 素与槐花化合物K3 也可以抑制C8166 细胞与慢性感染的H9/HIV-1ⅢB 细胞间的融合，灯盏花乙素的EC50 为15μM，而槐花化合物K3 的EC50 为5μM；两种化 合物对体外重组的HIV-1 逆转录酶有微弱的抑制作用，在433μM 时，灯盏花乙 素可以抑制48％的逆转录酶活性，槐花化合物K3 在300μM 时能够抑制80％的 HIV-1 逆转录酶活性；这两种化合物体外对HIV-1 均无直接杀伤作用，也不能抑 制慢性感染细胞中的病毒复制和HIV-1 蛋白酶活性。因此，灯盏花乙素与槐花 化合物K3 的体外抗HIV-1 作用机制主要源于其能够抑制HIV-1 RT 活性和阻止 HIV-1 进入细胞。 灯盏花乙素和槐花化合物K3的有效抗病毒活性和多种作用途径使其成为具 有发展潜力的抗病毒先导化合物。

Synthesis and field emission of diamond-like carbon nanorods on TiO2/Ti nanotube arrays

Highly ordered TiO2/Ti nanotube arrays were fabricated by anodic oxidation method in 0.5 wt% HF. Using prepared TiO2/Ti nanotube arrays deposited Ni nanoparticles as substrate, high quality diamond-like carbon nanorods (DLCNRs) were synthesized by a conventional method of chemical vapor deposition at 750 degrees C in nitrogen atmosphere. DLCNRs were analyzed by filed emission scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectrometer. It is very interesting that DLCNRs possess pagoda shape with the length of 3-10 mu m. Raman spectra show two strong peaks about 1332 cm (1) and 1598 cm (1), indicating the formation of diamond-like carbon. The field emission measurements suggest that DLCNRs/TiO2/Ti has excellent field emission properties, a low turn-on field about 3.0 V/mu m, no evident decay at 3.4 mA/cm(2) in 480 min. (C) 2009 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

Folgazões do mogi-abaixo : música, caipiridade e paisagens cantadas

Esta investigação tem por objetivo perceber os protagonismos associados à música raiz na região do Sul de Minas, estado brasileiro de Minas Gerais. Desenvolvido no âmbito da etnomusicologia, trata-se de um estudo etnográfico realizado entre os anos de 2009 e 2012 no município de Jacutinga, localizado no Vale do Sapucaí. Como música raiz entende-se nesse contexto um universo musical que engloba vários “ritmos”, “formas” ou “estilos”, como a moda-de-viola, o pagode-de-viola, a querumana, a guarânia, dentre outros, performado por uma dupla cantando em dueto com acompanhamento da viola caipira. O termo engloba os segmentos música caipira e música sertaneja no sentido em que, para os protagonistas, as classificações convergem. O conceito de paisagem cantada é adotado como principal ferramenta de análise uma vez que no romance – gênero cantado e central da música raiz - a poética-narrativa atua como testemunha da história de um universo associado ao modo de vida rural do centro-sudeste brasileiro. A memória é portanto entextualizada na moda – unidade mínima musical de análise – que ao ser performada evoca um catálogo de elementos identificadores de uma cartografia humana, territorial e sonora, associadas a um universo designado por caipira. O sentido de pertencimento e de identificação com este paradigma promove uma recontextualização destes elementos fazendo emergir novas paisagens e novas práticas onde eles são ressignificados, adquirindo, em alguns casos, o valor de marcos sonoros (ex: o carro-de-boi, o berrante e o monjolo). Paralelamente, o processo de materialização da música que conduziu à sua fixação em disco e ao aparente desaparecimento da situação de performance participativa, transformou a própria música raiz num marco sonoro através do qual a caipiridade é representada.

Seismic vulnerability assessment of slender masonry structures

Slender masonry structures are distributed all over the world and constitute a relevant part of the architectural and cultural heritage of humanity. Their protection against earthquakes is a topic of great concern among the scientific community. This concern mainly arises from the strong damage or complete loss suffered by this group of structures due to catastrophic events and the need and interest to preserve them. Although the great progress in technology, and in the knowledge of seismology and earthquake engineering, the preservation of these brittle and massive structures still represents a major challenge. Based on the research developed in this work it is proposed a methodology for the seismic risk assessment of slender masonry structures. The proposed methodology was applied for the vulnerability assessment of Nepalese Pagoda temples which follow very simple construction procedure and construction detailing in relation to seismic resistance requirements. The work is divided in three main parts. Firstly, particular structural fragilities and building characteristics of the important UNESCO classified Nepalese Pagoda temples which affect their seismic performance and dynamic properties are discussed. In the second part the simplified method proposed for seismic vulnerability assessment of slender masonry structures is presented. Finally, the methodology proposed in this work is applied to study Nepalese Pagoda temples, as well as in the efficiency assessment of seismic performance improvement solution compatible with original cultural and technological value.

Pesticide residues in artichokes: Effect of different head shape

Residues of three pesticides (dimethoate, parathion, and pyrazophos) in two artichoke cultivars, Masedu and Spinoso sardo, were investigated. The amount of pesticides in artichokes was greatly affected by the head shape. In the case of the calix-shaped Masedu artichoke, the residues in whole heads at commercial ripening were on average about twice higher than those of the pagoda-shaped Spinoso sardo artichoke. In the heart this ratio was 4 to 42 times greater. Residue decay rates were very fast, mainly owing to the dilution effect due to head growth.

Caracterização do jardim japonês de Ribeirão Preto - SP e germinação de sementes de pinheiros característicos do estilo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Benthic and planktonic foraminifera in the Japan Sea

Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental history of deep and surficial waters of the Japan Sea are addressed using sequences recovered from the floor of the backarc basin. The study is divided into two parts: (1) foraminifer biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental assessment of sedimentary sequences recovered from above igneous basement at the four sites and (2) detailed planktonic foraminifer paleoenvironmental analysis of Quaternary and Pliocene sequences from Sites 794 and 797 in the Yamato Basin. A total of 253 samples were examined for the foraminifer biostratigraphy and 325 samples for the detailed paleoenvironmental study of Quaternary and Pliocene sequences. Low abundance and sporadic occurrence of foraminifers limited interpretation of results. Foraminifer-bearing intervals were correlated where possible to diatom and calcareous nannofossil zonations, and the sequences were successfully assigned to the foraminifer zonation of Matsunaga. Unfortunately, extensive barren intervals and sporadic occurrences of planktonic foraminifers prevented zonation of Quaternary and Pliocene intervals, although some interesting conclusions about paleoenvironment were possible and are listed below. A sequence of Neogene (sensu lato) paleoenvironmental events were identified: (1) deepening of the Yamato basins to middle bathyal depths by the early to middle Miocene, an event contemporaneous with the age of some deep basins known from uplifted sections adjacent to the Japan Basin; (2) cooling of the Japan Sea in the early middle Miocene; (3) oxygenation of deep waters in the late Miocene; (4) further cooling of surficial water masses between the Olduvai Subchron and the Brunhes/Matuyama Boundary; and (5) extermination of lower middle bathyal faunas and replacement by upper middle bathyal faunas near the base of the Quaternary.

Benthic foraminiferal composition at the inner wall of the Middle America Trench, Costa Rica

The sediments of Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 565 and University of Texas Marine Science Institute Cores IG-24-7-38 to -42 taken on the landward slope of the Middle America Trench exhibit characteristics of material subject to reworking during downslope mass flow. These characteristics include a generally homogeneous texture, lack of sedimentary structures, pervasive presence of a penetrative scaly fabric, and presence of transported benthic foraminifers. Although these features occur throughout the sediments examined, trends in bulk density, porosity, and water content, and abrupt shifts in these index physical properties and in sediment magnetic properties at Site 565 indicate that downslope sediment creep is presently most active in the upper 45 to 50 m of sediment. It cannot be determined whether progressive dewatering of sediment has brought the material at this depth to a plastic limit at which sediment can no longer flow (thus resulting in its accretion to the underlying sediments) or whether this depth represents a surface along which slumping has occurred. We suspect both are true in part, that is, that mass movements and downslope reworking accumulate sediments in a mobile layer of material that is self-limiting in thickness.