Marine nematocides: Tetrahydrofurans from a southern Australian brown alga, Notheia anomala.

Chemical analysis of N. anomala collected off rock platforms along the southern coast of Australia yielded a cis-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran (2), the structure for which was assigned by spectroscopic analysis, chemical derivatization and biomimetic synthesis. Tetrahydrofurans from Notheia anomola are reported for the first time as potent and selective inhibitors of the larval development of parasitic nematodes. SAR observations are made on a selection of natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic tetrahydrofurans. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ocorrência e aspectos biológicos de Anomala testaceipennis Blanchard (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)

Os coleópteros da família Scarabaeidae são importantes pragas em áreas de culturas e pastagens, principalmente devido à ação das larvas, as quais danificam o sistema radicular. São escassas as informações sobre esse grupo de pragas, desta forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a ocorrência e o ciclo biológico de Anomala testaceipennis Blanchard, 1856. De novembro de 2005 a novembro de 2006 foram realizadas coletas diárias com uma armadilha luminosa, e em laboratório os adultos foram mantidos em recipientes plásticos, contendo solo e mudas de Brachiaria decumbens, para estudo de biologia. Foram coletados 263 adultos de A. testaceipennis, em quase todos os meses do ano, não sendo registrados apenas em março e junho. Sobre a biologia verificou-se que o período embrionário durou em média 13,2 dias, o 1° instar 26,7 dias, o 2° instar 19,4 dias, o 3° instar 58,2 dias, a fase de pré-pupa 50,2 dias e a fase de pupa 13,6 dias. A longevidade dos adultos foi semelhante para machos e fêmeas, e durou em média 14,1 dias. No laboratório as fêmeas ovipositaram 7,3 ovos em média. O ciclo de ovo a adulto durou 139,4 dias em média.

Verwelkte Blätter : Paeonia peregrina - Levisticum officinale - Dipsacus fullonum - Ptelea trifoliata

AR

Las empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores en la RMBA : ¿Una anomalía en la dinámica de metropolización propia del modelo neoliberal impuesto en la Argentina en la década del 90?

Fil: Cirio, Gastón. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Singularidad, anomalía, diferencia, olvido : La derrota de los republicanos españoles en Francia. El testimonio de Diario a dos voces de José María y Manuel Lamana

Diario a dos voces, escrito por José María y Manuel Lamana -padre e hijo- ofrece el testimonio de los respectivos itinerarios de los dos autores por distintos campos de concentración franceses a donde fueron conducidos después de cruzar los Pirineos tras la caída de la II República. El inusual texto de doble autoría y doble fecha de escritura tiene el poder de recuperar un hecho poco conocido de la historia europea del pasado siglo y, al mismo tiempo, desatar reflexiones sobre los rasgos atípicos de un episodio concentracionario ocurrido bajo el arbitrio de un estado democrático. La experiencia, pese a reunir características particulares, se confundirá poco después, sin solución de continuidad, con en el horror de las deportaciones y el exterminio nazis.

Singularidad, anomalía, diferencia, olvido : La derrota de los republicanos españoles en Francia. El testimonio de Diario a dos voces de José María y Manuel Lamana

Diario a dos voces, escrito por José María y Manuel Lamana -padre e hijo- ofrece el testimonio de los respectivos itinerarios de los dos autores por distintos campos de concentración franceses a donde fueron conducidos después de cruzar los Pirineos tras la caída de la II República. El inusual texto de doble autoría y doble fecha de escritura tiene el poder de recuperar un hecho poco conocido de la historia europea del pasado siglo y, al mismo tiempo, desatar reflexiones sobre los rasgos atípicos de un episodio concentracionario ocurrido bajo el arbitrio de un estado democrático. La experiencia, pese a reunir características particulares, se confundirá poco después, sin solución de continuidad, con en el horror de las deportaciones y el exterminio nazis.

Las empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores en la RMBA : ¿Una anomalía en la dinámica de metropolización propia del modelo neoliberal impuesto en la Argentina en la década del 90?

Fil: Cirio, Gastón. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Singularidad, anomalía, diferencia, olvido : La derrota de los republicanos españoles en Francia. El testimonio de Diario a dos voces de José María y Manuel Lamana

Diario a dos voces, escrito por José María y Manuel Lamana -padre e hijo- ofrece el testimonio de los respectivos itinerarios de los dos autores por distintos campos de concentración franceses a donde fueron conducidos después de cruzar los Pirineos tras la caída de la II República. El inusual texto de doble autoría y doble fecha de escritura tiene el poder de recuperar un hecho poco conocido de la historia europea del pasado siglo y, al mismo tiempo, desatar reflexiones sobre los rasgos atípicos de un episodio concentracionario ocurrido bajo el arbitrio de un estado democrático. La experiencia, pese a reunir características particulares, se confundirá poco después, sin solución de continuidad, con en el horror de las deportaciones y el exterminio nazis.

Las empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores en la RMBA : ¿Una anomalía en la dinámica de metropolización propia del modelo neoliberal impuesto en la Argentina en la década del 90?

Fil: Cirio, Gastón. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Speciation through homoploid hybridization between allotetraploids in peonies (Paeonia)

Phylogenies of Adh1 and Adh2 genes suggest that a widespread Mediterranean peony, Paeonia officinalis, is a homoploid hybrid species between two allotetraploid species, Paeonia peregrina and a member of the Paeonia arietina species group. Three phylogenetically distinct types of Adh sequences have been identified from both accessions of P. officinalis, of which two types are most closely related to the two homoeologous Adh loci of the P. arietina group and the remaining type came from one of the two Adh homoeologs of P. peregrina. The other Adh homoeolog of P. peregrina was apparently lost from the hybrid genome, possibly through backcrossing with the P. arietina group. This is a documentation of homoploid hybrid speciation between allotetraploid species in nature. This study suggests that hybrid speciation between allotetraploids can occur without an intermediate stage of genome diploidization or a further doubling of genome size.

Documentation of reticulate evolution in peonies (Paeonia) using internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA: implications for biogeography and concerted evolution.

The internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA of 33 species of genus Paeonia (Paeoniaceae) were sequenced. In section Paeonia, different patterns of nucleotide additivity were detected in 14 diploid and tetraploid species at sites that are variable in the other 12 species of the section, suggesting that reticulate evolution has occurred. Phylogenetic relationships of species that do not show additivity, and thus ostensibly were not derived through hybridization, were reconstructed by parsimony analysis. The taxa presumably derived through reticulate evolution were then added to the phylogenetic tree according to additivity from putative parents. The study provides an example of successfully using ITS sequences to reconstruct reticulate evolution in plants and further demonstrates that the sequence data could be highly informative and accurate for detecting hybridization. Maintenance of parental sequences in the species of hybrid origin is likely due to slowing of concerted evolution caused by the long generation time of peonies. The partial and uneven homogenization of parental sequences displayed in nine species of putative hybrid origin may have resulted from gradients of gene conversion. The documented hybridizations may have occurred since the Pleistocene glaciations. The species of hybrid origin and their putative parents are now distantly allopatric. Reconstruction of reticulate evolution with sequence data, therefore, provides gene records for distributional histories of some of the parental species.

La cultura política del sandinismo: nacimiento, desarrollo y realineamiento de una anomalía política centroamericana

Sandinista ideology and its political culture are born in 1927, with the refusal of the Pacto del Espino Negro by Augusto César Sandino, while its disappearance can be placed in 1999, date of the signature of the Liberal-Sandinista pact with which –effectively- the two main protagonist of nicaraguan politics at that time, Daniel Ortega and Arnoldo Alemán, halt the democratization process of Nicaragua, so putting on ice also its political development. Meanwhile, in the lapse of time between these two pacts, the most intense, feverish, dramatic and participated period of political history of the Central American country develops: an anti-imperialist guerrilla warfare ended in a bloodbath; a dynastic dictatorship of predatory authoritarianism for more than 40 years; a popular revolution that throws down the dictatorship; a decade of revolutionary government attacked by a counter-revolutionary war; an electoral defeat that will lead to a season of “pactismo” that will end the Sandinista anomaly and that will give an opening to something that we could consider –not with a certain difficulty- its pretence. The aim of this essay consists in analyzing how it has been possible that a political experience like the Sandinista Front , created not only for gaining power and for revolutionizing politically, socially and economically Nicaragua, but also for changing radically cultural, ethic and moral perspective of the country and its people, arrived being the contrary of what had been posed as the horizon to aspire...

Redescription of Anomala eucoma Bates, 1888 and a description of three new species from Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)

Anomala eucoma Bates, 1888 is redescribed and a lectotype from Guatemala is designated. Three new species from Costa Rica, A. flavacoma new species, A. megaparamera new species, and A. pseudoeucoma new species, are described, and a distribution map is given. The internal sac (endophallus) of the species covered is illustrated, and its use in separating closely related species in this region is discussed. An identification key for morphologically similar species from the Neotropical region is provided.

Description of eight new Anomala species from Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)

Eight new species of Anomala from Costa Rica are described: A. arthuri new species, A. cupreovariolosa new species, A. ferrea new species, A. nigroflava new species, A. semilla new species, A. solisi new species, A. volsellata new species, A. zumbadoi new species and a distribution map of each is given. The male genitalia (aedeagus and endophallus) of the species covered are illustrated.

Description of two cryptic species of Anomala Samouelle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) from Costa Rica

Two new species of Anomala Samouelle from Costa Rica are described: Anomala moroni new species and A. parvaeucoma new species. Habitus, protibia, distribution map, and male genitalia (aedeagus and endophallus) of each species are illustrated. A key for the dorsally setose species from the Neotropical region is provided.