Modeling of ALFA Programs Using PVS Theorem Prover

In Safety critical software failure can have a high price. Such software should be free of errors before it is put into operation. Application of formal methods in the Software Development Life Cycle helps to ensure that the software for safety critical missions are ultra reliable. PVS theorem prover, a formal method tool, can be used for the formal verification of software in ADA Language for Flight Software Application (ALFA.). This paper describes the modeling of ALFA programs for PVS theorem prover. An ALFA2PVS translator is developed which automatically converts the software in ALFA to PVS specification. By this approach the software can be verified formally with respect to underflow/overflow errors and divide by zero conditions without the actual execution of the code.

Modeling of ALFA Programs Using PVS Theorem Prover

In Safety critical software failure can have a high price. Such software should be free of errors before it is put into operation. Application of formal methods in the Software Development Life Cycle helps to ensure that the software for safety critical missions are ultra reliable. PVS theorem prover, a formal method tool, can be used for the formal verification of software in ADA Language for Flight Software Application (ALFA.). This paper describes the modeling of ALFA programs for PVS theorem prover. An ALFA2PVS translator is developed which automatically converts the software in ALFA to PVS specification. By this approach the software can be verified formally with respect to underflow/overflow errors and divide by zero conditions without the actual execution of the code

Sanificazione delle acque di approvvigionamento in PVS Caso di studio: Sori-Kenya

L’elaborato è nato dall’interesse verso un progetto di un impianto di sanificazione delle acque in corso di realizzazione in Kenya. Valutando le differenti realtà di tale sito rispetto alla nostra quotidianità è nata l’esigenza di approfondire preliminarmente le varie tecnologie di approvvigionamento e sanificazione delle acque, più consone per siti in via di sviluppo. Oltre 2.5 miliardi di persone non hanno accesso ai cosiddetti “improved water supply and sanitation”, le fonti idriche migliorate: acquedotti e fognature pubbliche, eventualmente con collegamenti domestici, sorgenti e serbatoi protetti, cisterne per la raccolta delle acque piovane, ecc. Maggior interesse è stata attribuita alla qualità dell’acqua e ai possibili trattamenti di sanificazione. Impianti semplici, economici ed efficaci alla rimozione totale della carica microbiologica sono sicuramente bisogni di base e componenti essenziali di assistenza sanitaria primaria. Dove è possibile le soluzioni ottimali consigliate sono tecnologie a basso costo che sono facili da progettare, costruire e impiegare, e sono costituite da materiali facilmente disponibili nei luoghi dove si applicano. Nel villaggio di Sori, in Kenya, un impianto di ozonizzazione delle acque del Lago Vittoria, con un precedente trattamento di sedimentazione e filtrazione rende disponibili a 16000 abitanti circa 30 l/ab giorno microbiologicamente sana.

Operator's manual for night vision sight, individual served weapon AN/PVS-2 (5855-087-2947), AN/PVS-2A (5855-179-3708), and AN/PVS-2B (5855-760-3869).

"August 1974."

Organizational and direct support maintenance manual : night vision sights, individual served weapon AN/PVS-2 (NSN 5855-00-087-2947), AN/PVS-2A (NSN 5855-00-179-3708), and AN/PVS-2B (NSN 5855-00-760-3869).

"November 1977."

Hand receipt manual covering End Item/Components of End Item (COEI), Basic Issue Items (BII), and Additional Authorization List (AAL) for night vision goggles AN/PVS-5 and AN/PVS-5A, (NSN 5855-00-150-1820), line item number N04456.

"21 July 1979."

General support and depot maintenance repair parts and special tools lists : night vision sights, miniaturized AN/PVS-3 and AN/PVS-3A (FSN 5855-832-9341 and FSN 5855-156-4992).

"18 April 1972."

Organizational and DS maintenance manual : night vision sight, miniaturized AN/PVS-3 (NSN 5855-00-832-9341) and AN/PVS-3A (NSN 5855-00-156-4992).

"February 1968."

Operator's manual : night vision sight, miniaturized AN/PVS-3.

"December 1967."

Operator's manual : night vision sight, individual served weapon AN/PVS-4 (5855-00-629-5334).

"13 September 1985."

Pt/TiO(2)/poly(vinyl sulfonic acid) Layer-by-Layer Films for Methanol Electrocatalytic Oxidation

One major challenge for the widespread application of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is to decrease the amount of platinum used in the electrodes, which has motivated a search for novel electrodes containing platinum nanoparticles. In this study, platinum nanoparticles were electrodeposited on layer-by-layer (LbL) films from TiO(2) and poly(vinyl sulfonic) (PVS), by immersing the films into a H(2)PtCl(6) solution and applying a 100 mu A current during different electrode position times. Scanning tunnel microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images showed increased platinum particle size and electrode roughness for increasing electrodeposition times. The potentiodynamic profile of the electrodes indicated that oxygen-like species in 0.5 mol L(-1) H(2)SO(4) were formed at less positive potentials for the smallest platinum particles. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements confirmed the high reactivity for the water dissociation and the large amount of oxygen-like species adsorbed on the smallest platinum nanoparticles. This high oxophilicity of the smallest nanoparticles was responsible for the electrocatalytic activity of Pt-TiO(2)/PVS systems for methanol electrooxidation, according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood bifunctional mechanism. Significantly, the approach used here combining platinum electrodeposition and LbL matrices allows one to both control the particle size and optimize methanol electrooxidation, being therefore promising for producing membrane-electrode assemblies of DMFCs.