Entre o mercado e a construção social: uma análise da experiência da implantação doPRONAF-infraestrutura e PRONAT nos territórios do Mato Grande-RN e sertão do Apodi-RN (1997 - 2010)

Analyzes the development experience in the Territories of Mato Grande and Sertão do Apodi in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, evaluating the actions of the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture, specifically the line of infrastructure (PRONAF-INFRA), and the National Program for Sustainable Development of Rural Territories (PRONAT) in these territories. Summarizes the various rural development approaches and takes the theoretical assumptions of territorial development, the concept of constructed territory and market-plan territory, further the cycle model to analyze public policies selected these experiences. Thus, we propose to test the hypothesis that most of the actions implemented would lead to the formation of market-plan territories, in other words, perceived only as a platform for the presentation of projects. The literature and documents, combined with case studies, interviews and direct observation of the meetings of committees, showed that, despite two boards are under the same laws, rules and formal regulations, have clear differences when considering the theory and concepts that were used as reference. The Apodi s territory is closer to a constructed space thus the search for a broader agenda, more autonomous and more appropriate to the reality experienced by local actors. On other hand the Territory of Mato Grande had the characteristics of a market-plan territory more present. As the result, the territory of Sertão do Apodi accesses not only as part of a greater number of policies and funding sources, ensuring a greater and more diverse investment volume than the territory of Mato Grande. Despite these differences, studies have shown that territorial boards surveyed are still far from becoming the main forum for managing the development from conception planning socially constructed. Showed, finally, that territorial development strategy is relevant, but requires a long walk and a deep and continuous learning process to be successfully implemented in rural areas of Northeast Brazil

Programa Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentável de Territórios Rurais (Pronat) no Território Noroeste Paulista: análise da participação dos atores sociais

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

O poder da rede na materialização de programas de desenvolvimento rural: território da cidadania Região Central/RS

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Desenvolvimento local-territorial e o programa Territórios da Cidadania: Território Integração Norte Pioneiro (PR)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Os efeitos dos programas de desenvolvimento rural para o apoio à agricultura familiar no Noroeste Paulista: limites, desafios e perspectivas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Desenvolvimento local e a construção de uma nova territorialidade: a implantação do Programa Territórios da Cidadania no norte pioneiro do Paraná

The territorial approach of development took an important place in the public politics of the State, also guiding the actions originated from different organizations of the society. The territorial focus, infl uenced by the analysis related to the industrial districts, is highlighted as a specifi c form to dealing with process and situations spatially delimited. In Brazil, the Secretary of Territorial Development, linked to the Ministry of Agrarian Development, since 2003, has adopted it strategically through the Programa Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentável dos Territórios Rurais (PRONAT). In 2008, had occurs the implantation of the Programa Territórios da Cidadania, a part of the PRONAT and of the rural development politic directed to the dynamization of the depressed territories constituted by small counties that cover rural and urban areas and activities, overcoming the focus on the rural world. The analysis of the assumptions underlying to the adoption of this strategy on the politic of the rural development in Brazil made through the study of the constitution of the Território Integração Norte Pioneiro (PR), which indicates that the focus of this politic falls more on the effectiveness of the decentralization than the concretization, and implementation, of the social management.

O programa territórios de cidadania no norte pioneiro paranaense: premissas processos e perspectivas

A abordagem territorial do desenvolvimento tornou-se um referencial importante para a elaboração de políticas públicas de desenvolvimento rural. No Brasil, a Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Territorial, criada em 2003 e vinculada ao Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário, o adotou estrategicamente. O Programa Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentável dos Territórios Rurais (Pronat), lançado em 2003, prevê a execução de um conjunto de ações voltadas a municípios rurais articulados territorialmente. Em 2008, ocorreu a implantação do Programa Territórios da Cidadania, desdobramento do Pronat e política de desenvolvimento rural para dinamizar territórios economicamente deprimidos. A gestão decisória compartilhada entre Estado e sociedade é uma das premissas e objetivos do Programa. No estado do Paraná, o Projeto de Inclusão Social e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável converge com as políticas territoriais estabelecidas na esfera federal, tanto em termos de conteúdo como de procedimentos. A análise da constituição do Território Integração Norte Pioneiro (PR) fundamenta o argumento de que a formulação do Pronat, e do Programa Territórios da Cidadania, tem como um de seus objetivos centrais a constituição de uma esfera decisória microrregional que atue nas questões rurais, priorizando-se a descentralização das atribuições no que concerne ao desenvolvimento rural.

Climate seasonality limits leaf carbon assimilation and wood productivity in tropical forests.

The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cy- cle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combina- tion of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measure- ments and 35 litter productivity measurements), their asso- ciated canopy photosynthetic capacity (enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and climate, we ask how carbon assimilation and aboveground allocation are related to climate seasonal- ity in tropical forests and how they interact in the seasonal carbon cycle. We found that canopy photosynthetic capacity seasonality responds positively to precipitation when rain- fall is < 2000 mm yr-1 (water-limited forests) and to radia- tion otherwise (light-limited forests). On the other hand, in- dependent of climate limitations, wood productivity and lit- terfall are driven by seasonal variation in precipitation and evapotranspiration, respectively. Consequently, light-limited forests present an asynchronism between canopy photosyn- thetic capacity and wood productivity. First-order control by precipitation likely indicates a decrease in tropical forest pro- ductivity in a drier climate in water-limited forest, and in cur- rent light-limited forest with future rainfall < 2000 mm yr-1.