Tuning of PID controllers for water networks—different approaches

Better operational control of water networks can help reduce leakage, maintain pressure, and control flow. Proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers, with proper fine-tuning, can help water utility operators achieve targets faster without creating undue transients. The authors compared three tuning methods, in different test situations, involving flow and level control to different reservoirs. Although target values were reached with all three tuning methods, the methods’ performances varied significantly. The lowest performer among the three was the method most widely used in the industry—standard tuning by the Ziegler-Nichols method. Achieving better results was offline tuning by genetic algorithms. Achieving the best control, though, was a fuzzy logic–based online tuning approach—the FZPID controller. The FZPID controller had fewer overshoots and took significantly less time to tune the gains for each problem. This new tuning approach for PID controllers can be applied to a variety of problems and can increase the performance of water networks of any size and structure

Automatic tuning of PID controllers using a neuro-genetic system

Neural networks and genetic algorithms have been in the past successfully applied, separately, to controller turning problems. In this paper we propose to combine its joint use, by exploiting the nonlinear mapping capabilites of neural networks to model objective functions, and to use them to supply their values to a genetic algorithm which performs on-line minimization.

Neural network assisted autotuning of industrial PID controllers

A recent servey (1) has reported that the majority of industrial loops are controlled by PID-type controllers and many of the PID controllers in operation are poorly tuned. poor PID tuning is due to the lack of a simple and practical tuning method for avarage users, and due to the tedious procedurs involved in the tuning and retuning of PID controllers.

'Flat phase' PID controllers

Flat Phase PID Controllers have the property that the phase of the transfer function round the associated feedback loop is constant or flat around the design frequency, with the aim that the phase margin and overshoot to a step response is unaffected when the gain of the device under control changes. Such designs have been achieved using Bode Integrals and by ensuring the phase is the same at two frequencies. This paper extends the ‘two frequency’ controller and describes a novel three frequency controller. The different design strategies arc compared.

Relationship between deadbeat and pole-placement discrete-time PID controllers

This paper considers PID control in terms of its implementation by means of an ARMA plant model. Two controller actions are considered, namely pole placement and deadbeat, both being applied via a PID structure for the adaptive real-time control of an industrial level system. As well as looking at two controller types separately, a comparison is made between the forms and it is shown how, under certain circumstances, the two forms can be seen to be identical. It is shown how the pole-placement PID form does not in fact realise an action which is equivalent to the deadbeat controller, when all closed-loop poles are chosen to be at the origin of the z-plane.

Automatic tuning of PID controllers using model reference adaptive control techniques

This paper discusses the application of model reference adaptive control concepts to the automatic tuning of PID controllers. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown through simulated applications. The gradient approach and simulated examples are provided.

Synthesis of PID controllers for a class of time delay systems

In this paper we use the Hermite-Biehler theorem to establish results on the design of proportional plus integral plus derivative (PID) controllers for a class of time delay systems. Using the property of interlacing at high frequencies of the class of systems considered and linear programming we obtain the set of all stabilizing PID controllers. As far as we know, previous results on the synthesis of PID controllers rely on the solution of transcendental equations. This paper also extends previous results on the synthesis of proportional controllers for a class of delay systems of retarded type to a larger class of delay systems. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Projeto de redes neurais para determinar os ganhos PID de um sistema de posicionamento dinâmico de uma embarcação.

As sintonias dos Controladores PID existentes em um Sistema de Posicionamento Dinâmico, utilizado em embarcações e plataformas a fim de manter uma posição fixa em alto-mar ou de realizar determinada manobra, sempre tem sido um desafio a ser vencido. Trata-se de uma tarefa demorada, dependente das condições ambientais e com um elevado custo financeiro, uma vez que as horas dedicadas do profissional habilitado são caras. Além disso, a embarcação deve-se manter estabilizada durante o período de tempo no qual determinada função é realizada, como por exemplo, perfuração, abastecimento, ou lançamento de dutos. Foi utilizado um software para simular o posicionamento de uma embarcação em alto-mar sob diversas condições de vento e correnteza, com o qual foi possível verificar a influência da sintonia dos parâmetros PID do Controlador no desempenho do sistema de controle. O Sistema dinâmico abordado possui um comportamento não linear e sujeito a fortes distúrbios não medidos, o que são apenas alguns exemplos de questões avaliadas deste trabalho. Neste contexto, foram projetadas Redes Neurais com o intuito de aprimorar a técnica utilizada para determinar os ganhos de um dos Controladores PID de um Sistema de Posicionamento Dinâmico. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos através da avaliação de desempenho de diversas simulações de Redes Neurais que revelam a viabilidade da implementação da sintonia automática de Controladores em Sistemas de Posicionamento Dinâmico.

两类模糊PID控制器的等价性分析

变论域与变分布模糊PID控制器是两类不同的自适应模糊控制器 ,分别通过调整转换因子与隶属函数分布对模糊控制器的性能进行调节。利用模糊控制器结构分析方法对这两类模糊PID控制器的本质进行了深入分析。通过分析可以得出结论 ,在一定条件下这两类模糊PID控制器在性能调节方面是等价的。此结论将对这两种模糊PID控制器的应用提供参考

Position control of shape memory alloy actuators using self tuning fuzzy PID controller

Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuators, which have the ability to return to a predetermined shape when heated, have many potential applications such as aeronautics, surgical tools, robotics and so on. Although the conventional PID controller can be used with slow response systems, there has been limited success in precise motion control of SMA actuators, since the systems are disturbed by unknown factors beside their inherent nonlinear hysteresis and changes in the surrounding environment of the systems. This paper presents a new development of a SMA position control system by using a self-tuning fuzzy PID controller. This control algorithm is used by tuning the parameters of the PID controller thereby integrating fuzzy inference and producing a fuzzy adaptive PID controller, which can then be used to improve the control performance of nonlinear systems. The experimental results of position control of SMA actuators using conventional and self-tuning fuzzy PID controllers are both included in this paper.

Neuro-genetic PID autotuning: time invariant case

The Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) controllers are widely used in induxtrial applications. Their popularity comes from their robust performance and also from their functional simplicity.