Antiviral and antiparasite properties of an L-amino acid oxidase from the Snake Bothrops jararaca: Cloning and identification of a complete cDNA sequence (Retracted article. See vol. 80, pg. 288, 2010)

L-Amino acid oxidases (LAAOs, EC 1.4.3.2) are flavoenzymes that catalyze the stereospecific oxidative deamination of an L-amino acid substrate to the corresponding a-ketoacid with hydrogen peroxide and ammonia production. The present work describes the first report on the antiviral (Dengue virus) and antiprotozoal (trypanocidal and leishmanicide) activities of a Bothrops jararaca L-amino acid oxidase (BjarLAAO-I) and identify its cDNA sequence. Antiparasite effects were inhibited by catalase, suggesting that they are mediated by H(2)O(2) production. Cells infected with DENV-3 virus previously treated with BjarLAAO-I, showed a decrease in viral titer (13-83-fold) when compared with cells infected with untreated viruses. Untreated and treated promastigotes (T. cruzi and L. amazonensis) were observed by transmission electron microscopy with different degrees of damage. Its complete cDNA sequence, with 1452 bp, encoded an open reading frame of 484 amino acid residues with a theoretical molecular weight and pl of 54,771.8 and 5.7, respectively. The cDNA-deduced amino acid sequence of BjarLAAO shows high identity to LAAOs from other snake venoms. Further investigations will be focused on the related molecular and functional correlation of these enzymes. Such a study should provide valuable information for the therapeutic development of new generations of microbicidal drugs. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Arterial pulse pressure variation predicting fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients (Retracted article. See vol. 31, pg. 542, 2009)

In critically ill patients, it is important to predict which patients will have their systemic blood flow increased in response to volume expansion to avoid undesired hypovolemia and fluid overloading. Static parameters such as the central venous pressure, the pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure, and the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension cannot accurately discriminate between responders and nonresponders to a fluid challenge. In this regard, respiratory-induced changes in arterial pulse pressure have been demonstrated to accurately predict preload responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients. Some experimental and clinical studies confirm the usefulness of arterial pulse pressure as a useful tool to guide fluid therapy in critically ill patients.

Identification of tsunami-induced deposits using numerical modeling and rock magnetism techniques: Astudy case of the 1755 Lisbon tsunami in Algarve, Portugal (vol 182, pg 187, 2010)

Storm- and tsunami-deposits are generated by similar depositional mechanisms making their discrimination hard to establish using classic sedimentologic methods. Here we propose an original approach to identify tsunami-induced deposits by combining numerical simulation and rock magnetism. To test our method, we investigate the tsunami deposit of the Boca do Rio estuary generated by the 1755 earthquake in Lisbon which is well described in the literature. We first test the 1755 tsunami scenario using a numerical inundation model to provide physical parameters for the tsunami wave. Then we use concentration (MS. SIRM) and grain size (chi(ARM), ARM, B1/2, ARM/SIRM) sensitive magnetic proxies coupled with SEM microscopy to unravel the magnetic mineralogy of the tsunami-induced deposit and its associated depositional mechanisms. In order to study the connection between the tsunami deposit and the different sedimentologic units present in the estuary, magnetic data were processed by multivariate statistical analyses. Our numerical simulation show a large inundation of the estuary with flow depths varying from 0.5 to 6 m and run up of similar to 7 m. Magnetic data show a dominance of paramagnetic minerals (quartz) mixed with lesser amount of ferromagnetic minerals, namely titanomagnetite and titanohematite both of a detrital origin and reworked from the underlying units. Multivariate statistical analyses indicate a better connection between the tsunami-induced deposit and a mixture of Units C and D. All these results point to a scenario where the energy released by the tsunami wave was strong enough to overtop and erode important amount of sand from the littoral dune and mixed it with reworked materials from underlying layers at least 1 m in depth. The method tested here represents an original and promising tool to identify tsunami-induced deposits in similar embayed beach environments.

Estat actual del tractament dels delictes d’odi i discriminació a la PG-ME

L’any 2010, la Policia de la Generalitat-Mossos d’Esquadra regula per primera vegada, mitjançant una ordre de servei 1/2010 i un procediment intern, quines són les principals actuacions policials en matèria d’atenció, denúncia i seguiment a víctimes d’il·lícits penals motivats per l’odi i la discriminació. S’incorporen nous àmbits a l’aplicació d’Atestats i denúncies, amb la finalitat de visibilitzar les següents problemàtiques relacionades amb l’odi i la discriminació: · Aporofòbia · Antisemita · Disminuït físic/sensorial · Disminuït psíquic/mental · Ètnic/origen nacional/origen racial · Homofòbia · Orientació política · Religiós · Sexisme L’any 2012, amb motiu de la implantació d’un nou Pla d’atenció i seguiment a víctimes del Departament d’Interior, la Direcció General de la Policia impulsa un procés de millora de tota la documentació que regula l’atenció de les víctimes no només de violència masclista o domèstica sinó també d’altres col·lectius especialment vulnerables com són les víctimes d’il·lícits penals motivats per l’odi i la discriminació. Es realitza una instrucció operativa, AV-IN-22 L’atenció a les víctimes d’il·lícits penals motivats per l’odi i la discriminació, amb l’objectiu de dotar a la PG-ME d’uns criteris i normes bàsiques d’actuació en relació a la prevenció, la detecció, particularitats de la instrucció / denúncia, i el seguiment i protecció d’aquestes víctimes.

Alteração do teor de cálcio no banho de DP para 2,5 mEq/L é eficaz no reestabelecimento dos valores preconizados por diretrizes atuais em pacientes com PTH < 150 pg/dL

INTRODUÇÃO/OBJETIVO: A doença óssea adinâmica (DOA) é um achado comum em diálise peritoneal (PD) e é considerada fator de risco para desenvolvimento de fraturas e doença cardiovascular. Dados do BRAZPD apontam as soluções de cálcio a 3,5 mEq/L presentes na maioria das prescrições no país, que possui quase 9.000 pacientes em PD. É comum o balanço positivo de cálcio com concentrações a 3,5 mEq/L contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de DOA. Diretrizes atuais recomendam um PTHi na DRC V em diálise entre 2 e 9 vezes (150-500 pg/mL) o valor máximo da normalidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta em 6 meses do PTH-i após a conversão para solução de cálcio a 2,5 mEq/L de pacientes que usavam soluções com cálcio a 3,5 mEq/L e com PTH-i basal < 150 pg/mL. MÉTODOS: Coorte prospectiva, observacional, na qual todos pacientes prevalentes em PD entre janeiro de 2008 e janeiro de 2009 de um único centro foram incluídos. Critérios de inclusão foram:(1) estar em uso de solução de DP com cálcio a 3,5 mEq/L; (2)PTH sérico < 150 pg/mL. A critério médico, os pacientes poderiam ser convertidos ou não para soluções cálcio a 2,5 mEq/L. RESULTADOS: 35 pacientes (idade média 62 ± 17 anos) foram incluídos. Desses, 22 foram convertidos para solução de cálcio 2,5 mEq/L. Nefropatia diabética foi a principal doença de base (36%) seguido por HAS (25%) e GNC (14%). Os grupos apresentavam valores basais semelhantes de PTH, cálcio, fósforo e fosfatase alcalina. No grupo-intervenção, houve aumento significativamente maior de PTH em 6 meses comparado com o grupo-controle (Δ194 pg/dL versus Δ 92/dL; p < 0,05). Dos convertidos, 41% atingiram os valores alvo de PTH contra 14% (p < 0,05) do grupo-controle. Fósforo, cálcio e fosfatase alcalina foram semelhantes entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de soluções com cálcio a 2,5 mEq/L para pacientes com PTHi < 150 pg/dL comparado a soluções de cálcio 3,5 mEq/L parece uma estratégia simples e efetiva para trazer os valores de PTHi dentro da faixa atualmente sugerida nas diretrizes.

Análisis de la cooperación sur sur en materia educativa durante el gobierno de Luiz Ignacio Lula Dasilva como estrategia de poder blando de la política exterior brasileña en la región sudamericana. Estudio de caso: Programa PEC PG 2006-2011

La cooperación es un mecanismo utilizado por los países desarrollados, para suplir sus necesidades internas. La educación por medio de la cooperación es una herramienta de poder blando que permite el posicionamiento en la arena internacional y la influencia sobre las necesidades de auqellos Estados menos desarrollados.