The perspective of the teaching of arts projected by H. Gardner and the National Syllabus Parameters - (arts) of elementary school

In a concise way, the article reports part of the Master of Arts dissertation in Music entitled The meaning of the teaching of Arts in H. Gardner's perspective, presented in the IAUNESP [Arts Institute-State of Sao Paulo University] in 2008. Some considerations on the Statutory Law n. 11.769/08 were added to the original text. The produced research had an exploratory nature and a theoretical mark. Some texts by Howard Gardner, by the psychologist Eliane Leao, as well as the text of the National Syllabus Parameters-Art, from the Department of Elementary Education, served as a foundation for this article. The intended aim was to demonstrate to what extent the pedagogical proposition of the Arts Education projected by H. Gardner is similar to the one proposed by the National Syllabus Parameters, and which would the benefits be in this age group of an artistic sensitizing work for the development of the individual's personality.

As artes marciais chinesas para pessoas com deficiência : contextos, dilemas e possibilidades = Chinese martial arts for people with disabilities : contexts, dilemmas and possibilities

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

A review of time-motion analysis and combat development in mixed martial arts matches at regional level tournaments

Mixed martial arts (MMA) have become a fast-growing worldwide expansion of martial arts competition, requiring high level of skill, physical conditioning, and strategy, and involving a synthesis of combat while standing or on the ground. This study quantified the effort-pause ratio (EP), and classified effort segments of stand-up or groundwork development to identify the number of actions performed per round in MMA matches. 52 MMA athletes participated in the study (M age = 24 yr., SD = 5; average experience in MMA = 5 yr., SD = 3). A one-way analysis of variance with repeated measurements was conducted to compare the type of action across the rounds. A chi-squared test was applied across the percentages to compare proportions of different events. Only one significant difference (p < .05) was observed among rounds: time in groundwork of low intensity was longer in the second compared to the third round. When the interval between rounds was not considered, the EP ratio (between high-intensity effort to low-intensity effort plus pauses) WE S 1:2 to 1:4. This ratio is between ratios typical for judo, wrestling, karate, and taekwondo and reflects the combination of ground and standup techniques. Most of the matches ended in the third round, involving high-intensity actions, predominantly executed during groundwork combat.

Academic papers about fight, martial arts and combat sports

The present study had as objective to verify the production of fight, martial arts and combat sports in articles published in the main Physical Education academic journals available in Brazil after the establishment of the CONFEF, as well as analyze the subjects studied in these articles. The subject classification followed Tani (1996)`s proposition concerning an academic structure to Kinesiology, Physical Education and Sport. When considering the 2561 articles published on these journals only 75 (2.93%) were related to Fight/Martial Arts/Combat Sports. It was verified a predominance of studies conducted in the Biodynamic area (40%), followed by Human Movement Socio-cultural Studies (32%) and Motor Behavior (8%). The applied studies were divided as: Human Movement Pedagogy (10.7%), Sports Training (8%), Sports Administration (1.3%) and Adapted Human Movement (none study published). These data indicate: (1) a reduced number of publications concerning these activities, especially those of applied nature; (2) a need to promote inter and multidisciplinary research about this subject.

Long-term safety and efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting and coronary artery bypass surgery for multivessel coronary artery disease - A meta-analysis with 5-year patient-level data from the ARTS, ERACI-II, MASS-II, and SoS trials

Background-Randomized trials that studied clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with bare metal stenting versus coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are underpowered to properly assess safety end points like death, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Pooling data from randomized controlled trials increases the statistical power and allows better assessment of the treatment effect in high-risk subgroups. Methods and Results-We performed a pooled analysis of 3051 patients in 4 randomized trials evaluating the relative safety and efficacy of PCI with stenting and CABG at 5 years for the treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease. The primary end point was the composite end point of death, stroke, or myocardial infarction. The secondary end point was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular accidents, death, stroke, myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization. We tested for heterogeneities in treatment effect in patient subgroups. At 5 years, the cumulative incidence of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke was similar in patients randomized to PCI with stenting versus CABG (16.7% versus 16.9%, respectively; hazard ratio, 1.04, 95% confidence interval, 0.86 to 1.27; P = 0.69). Repeat revascularization, however, occurred significantly more frequently after PCI than CABG (29.0% versus 7.9%, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.18 to 0.29; P<0.001). Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events were significantly higher in the PCI than the CABG group (39.2% versus 23.0%, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.45 to 0.61; P<0.001). No heterogeneity of treatment effect was found in the subgroups, including diabetic patients and those presenting with 3-vessel disease. Conclusions-In this pooled analysis of 4 randomized trials, PCI with stenting was associated with a long-term safety profile similar to that of CABG. However, as a result of persistently lower repeat revascularization rates in the CABG patients, overall major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event rates were significantly lower in the CABG group at 5 years.

Oralidade : confronto entre os PCN e a concepção dos professores da escola pública – um estudo de caso

Este estudo de investigação teve como propósito trazer à luz as necessidades para o desenvolvimento da oralidade nas escolas. Isso é novo na prática de ensino da língua no Brasil, especialmente entre os professores no ensino fundamental. O estudo objetivou analisar as representações/percepções realizadas por professores do ensino fundamental em uma escola pública – João Pessoa (Paraíba, Brasil), em 2009 e 2010. Foi dada ênfase ao fenômeno da ‘Oralidade’, depois da reflexão sobre as diretrizes da mesma no processo educacional da sociedade brasileira e acerca do pluralismo cultural. Esta reflexão teve em mente o exercício da cidadania e o desenvolvimento da consciência crítica entre os alunos. Em primeiro lugar, abordamos a revisão da literatura sobre oralidade: histórico, evolução, o papel da linguística, sua caracterização ao longo dos tempos, seu impacto no ensino. Em seguida, levamos em consideração o conceito de oralidade abordado no PCN (Parâmetro Curricular Nacional). Finalmente, tentamos reunir informações sobre como a fala/oralidade é vista hoje nas escolas, a fim de preparar os alunos para enfrentar situações adversas fora da sala de aula e ajudá-los a melhorar significativamente o aprendizado da língua, num sentido crítico da cidadania. Foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa de investigação para coletar dados: entrevistas estruturadas com oito professores, de acordo com um roteiro previamente definido, relacionadas com a revisão da literatura e o PCN. As entrevistas destinaram-se a obter suas opiniões sobre oralidade, quão diferentes eles eram dos princípios expressos no PCN e de como eles integram a oralidade em suas práticas de ensino. Da análise realizada e análise do conteúdo das entrevistas, foi possível afirmar que o ponto-de-vista dos professores foi, por vezes, contra as opiniões expressas no PCN. Professores tendiam a concentrar-se nas habilidades de ler, porque acreditavam que era "uma forma de abordar o modo oral na sala de aula" e não "uma maneira de minimizar o uso da língua oral" e a promoção da cidadania ativa num mundo globalizado e multicultural. Professores de diferentes disciplinas curriculares compartilharam esta visão. Portanto, os resultados deste estudo apontam para a necessidade de considerar a oralidade nas escolas como um objeto de estudo, habilitando os alunos a desenvolver sua participação na sociedade, através de assuntos de diferentes matérias e evidenciar a importância do seu senso crítico na aprendizagem que, por sua vez, aumenta suas potencialidades de participar neste mundo globalizado, multicultural.

Finnish Kullervo and chinese martial arts stories

Introduction: There are many important Finnish plays but, due to language barrier, Finnish drama is seldom exported, particularly to Hong Kong and China.. Objective: To find out differences in mentality between the Finnish and Chinese peoples by comparing the partially localized Chinese translation of Aleksis Kivi’s tragedy, Kullervo, with genuine Chinese martial arts literature. Methodology: 1. Chapman Chen has translated the Finnish classic, Kullervo, directly from Finnish into Chinese and published it in 2005. 2. In Chen’s Chinese translation, cultural markers are domesticated. On the other hand, values, characterization, plot, and rhythm remain unchanged. 3. According to Gideon Tory, the translator has to strike a golden mean between the norms of the source language and the target language. 4. Lau Tingci lists and explicates the essential components of martial arts drama. 5. According to Ehrnrooth’s “Mentality”, equality is the most important value in Finnish culture. Findings: i. Finland emphasizes independence while China emphasizes bilateral relationships. ii. The Finnish people loves freedom, but Gai Sizung argues that the Chinese people is slavish. iii. Finns are mature while many Chinese are, according to Sun Lung-kee (“The Deep Structure of Chinese Culture”; “The Deep Structure of Chinese Sexuality”), fixated at the oral and anal stages. iv. Finnish society highly values equality while Chinese interpersonal relationships are extremely complicated and hierachical. If Kullervo were a genuine Chinese kungfu story, the plot would be much more convoluted. Conclusion: The differences between Finnish and Chinese mentalities are so significant that partially localized or adapted Chinese translations of Finnish drama may still be able to introduce Finnish culture to the Chinese audience.