AVALIA����O DA ESTABILIDADE DAS ALTERA����ES PROMOVIDAS PELO APARELHO REGULADOR DE FUN����O FR��NKEL-2 NOS ARCOS DENT��RIOS

O objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em analisar a estabilidade das altera����es oclusais em 18 pacientes com m�� oclus��o de Classe II, divis��o 1, idade m��dia inicial de 10,77 anos, tratados com o aparelho regulador de fun����o RF-2 durante 18 meses e reavaliados num per��odo de p��s-tratamento 7,16 anos, em m��dia. Os 54 modelos de gesso foram avaliados no in��cio do tratamento (T1), no final do tratamento (T2) e decorridos 7,16 anos p��s-tratamento (T3). Foram analisadas as altera����es transversais e sagitais; o ��ndice de irregularidade de Little e o ��ndice de Prioridade de Tratamento (IPT). As altera����es ocorridas nos per��odos analisados foram verificadas por meio da an��lise de Vari��ncia- ANOVA e, em seguida, pelo teste de compara����es m��ltiplas de Bonferroni, com o valor cr��tico adotado de 0,05. Os resultados demonstraram que o tratamento com o RF-2 promoveu um aumento transversal estatisticamente significante, tanto no arco dent��rio superior quanto no inferior, por��m, no per��odo p��s-tratamento, houve recidiva parcial ou mesmo total deste aumento na maioria das dimens��es analisadas. J�� o comprimento dos arcos dent��rios superior e inferior diminuiu durante todo o per��odo avaliado. O ��ndice de Irregularidade de Little apresentou-se est��vel durante o tratamento, entretanto aumentou no per��odo p��s-tratamento. Al��m disso, o tratamento com o RF-2 proporcionou uma diminui����o estatisticamente significante do IPT, refletindo a efic��cia do tratamento realizado uma vez que esta diminui����o permaneceu est��vel no per��odo p��s-tratamento. Portanto, o aparelho RF-2 demonstrou ser eficaz na corre����o dent��ria da m�� oclus��o de Classe II, divis��o 1, com estabilidade dos resultados decorridos 7,16 anos ap��s o tratamento. Por��m, em rela����o ao ganho transversal nos arcos dent��rios obtido durante o tratamento, houve recidiva parcial ou total de todas as vari��veis analisadas.(AU)

AVALIA����O DA ESTABILIDADE DAS ALTERA����ES PROMOVIDAS PELO APARELHO REGULADOR DE FUN����O FR��NKEL-2 NOS ARCOS DENT��RIOS

O objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em analisar a estabilidade das altera����es oclusais em 18 pacientes com m�� oclus��o de Classe II, divis��o 1, idade m��dia inicial de 10,77 anos, tratados com o aparelho regulador de fun����o RF-2 durante 18 meses e reavaliados num per��odo de p��s-tratamento 7,16 anos, em m��dia. Os 54 modelos de gesso foram avaliados no in��cio do tratamento (T1), no final do tratamento (T2) e decorridos 7,16 anos p��s-tratamento (T3). Foram analisadas as altera����es transversais e sagitais; o ��ndice de irregularidade de Little e o ��ndice de Prioridade de Tratamento (IPT). As altera����es ocorridas nos per��odos analisados foram verificadas por meio da an��lise de Vari��ncia- ANOVA e, em seguida, pelo teste de compara����es m��ltiplas de Bonferroni, com o valor cr��tico adotado de 0,05. Os resultados demonstraram que o tratamento com o RF-2 promoveu um aumento transversal estatisticamente significante, tanto no arco dent��rio superior quanto no inferior, por��m, no per��odo p��s-tratamento, houve recidiva parcial ou mesmo total deste aumento na maioria das dimens��es analisadas. J�� o comprimento dos arcos dent��rios superior e inferior diminuiu durante todo o per��odo avaliado. O ��ndice de Irregularidade de Little apresentou-se est��vel durante o tratamento, entretanto aumentou no per��odo p��s-tratamento. Al��m disso, o tratamento com o RF-2 proporcionou uma diminui����o estatisticamente significante do IPT, refletindo a efic��cia do tratamento realizado uma vez que esta diminui����o permaneceu est��vel no per��odo p��s-tratamento. Portanto, o aparelho RF-2 demonstrou ser eficaz na corre����o dent��ria da m�� oclus��o de Classe II, divis��o 1, com estabilidade dos resultados decorridos 7,16 anos ap��s o tratamento. Por��m, em rela����o ao ganho transversal nos arcos dent��rios obtido durante o tratamento, houve recidiva parcial ou total de todas as vari��veis analisadas.(AU)

AVALIA����O CEFALOM��TRICA DA ESTABILIDADE DO TRATAMENTO COM O REGULADOR DE FUN����O FR��NKEL-2

O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em comparar as altera����es dent��rias, esquel��ticas e tegumentares promovidas pelo aparelho de Fr��nkel-2 com um grupo controle, al��m de observar a estabilidade desses efeitos promovidos pelo tratamento, num per��odo m��dio de 7,11 anos p��s-tratamento. A amostra compreendeu um total de 90 telerradiografias em norma lateral, sendo 54 telerradiografias provenientes de 18 pacientes tratados com o RF-2 avaliados em tr��s fases (T1:in��cio de tratamento;T2: final de tratamento e T3: p��s-tratamento) e 36 telerradiografias de 18 pacientes-controle, observados em dois tempos. Para compara����o entre os grupos tratado e controle foi utilizado o teste t de Student n��o pareado. J�� para a an��lise dos valores do grupo tratado nos tr��s tempos (T1, T2 e T3) foi utilizada a An��lise de Vari��ncia (ANOVA) a um crit��rio e o teste de Tukey (p<0,05). As principais altera����es proporcionadas pelo aparelho RF-2 observadas a partir da compara����o do grupo tratado com o controle envolveram efeitos mandibulares, principalmente a protrus��o e aumento do comprimento mandibular associado com uma rota����o hor��ria, que resultou em uma maior altura facial total (N-Me) e ��ntero-inferior (AFAI), al��m de suave rota����o anti-hor��ria do plano palatino (SN.PP). Os incisivos superiores retru��ram e o inferior vestibularizou. Houve uma distaliza����o relativa dos molares superiores juntamente com a diminui����o do overjet , desta forma a convexidade do perfil facial tegumentar melhorou. No per��odo p��s-tratamento (T3) observou-se uma estabilidade sagital de maxila (SNA) e mand��bula (SNB), das vari��veis do padr��o facial, da inclina����o do incisivo superior, do ��ngulo nasolabial e do overjet . A mand��bula e a maxila continuaram a crescer no sentido antero-posterior, juntamente com as alturas faciais Houve tamb��m a extrus��o de incisivos e molares. J�� o plano oclusal e o ��ngulo gon��aco diminu��ram na fase p��s-tratamento.(AU)

AVALIA����O CEFALOM��TRICA DA ESTABILIDADE DO TRATAMENTO COM O REGULADOR DE FUN����O FR��NKEL-2

O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em comparar as altera����es dent��rias, esquel��ticas e tegumentares promovidas pelo aparelho de Fr��nkel-2 com um grupo controle, al��m de observar a estabilidade desses efeitos promovidos pelo tratamento, num per��odo m��dio de 7,11 anos p��s-tratamento. A amostra compreendeu um total de 90 telerradiografias em norma lateral, sendo 54 telerradiografias provenientes de 18 pacientes tratados com o RF-2 avaliados em tr��s fases (T1:in��cio de tratamento;T2: final de tratamento e T3: p��s-tratamento) e 36 telerradiografias de 18 pacientes-controle, observados em dois tempos. Para compara����o entre os grupos tratado e controle foi utilizado o teste t de Student n��o pareado. J�� para a an��lise dos valores do grupo tratado nos tr��s tempos (T1, T2 e T3) foi utilizada a An��lise de Vari��ncia (ANOVA) a um crit��rio e o teste de Tukey (p<0,05). As principais altera����es proporcionadas pelo aparelho RF-2 observadas a partir da compara����o do grupo tratado com o controle envolveram efeitos mandibulares, principalmente a protrus��o e aumento do comprimento mandibular associado com uma rota����o hor��ria, que resultou em uma maior altura facial total (N-Me) e ��ntero-inferior (AFAI), al��m de suave rota����o anti-hor��ria do plano palatino (SN.PP). Os incisivos superiores retru��ram e o inferior vestibularizou. Houve uma distaliza����o relativa dos molares superiores juntamente com a diminui����o do overjet , desta forma a convexidade do perfil facial tegumentar melhorou. No per��odo p��s-tratamento (T3) observou-se uma estabilidade sagital de maxila (SNA) e mand��bula (SNB), das vari��veis do padr��o facial, da inclina����o do incisivo superior, do ��ngulo nasolabial e do overjet . A mand��bula e a maxila continuaram a crescer no sentido antero-posterior, juntamente com as alturas faciais Houve tamb��m a extrus��o de incisivos e molares. J�� o plano oclusal e o ��ngulo gon��aco diminu��ram na fase p��s-tratamento.(AU)

AVALIA����O DA ESTABILIDADE DAS ALTERA����ES PROMOVIDAS PELO APARELHO REGULADOR DE FUN����O FR��NKEL-2 NOS ARCOS DENT��RIOS

O objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em analisar a estabilidade das altera����es oclusais em 18 pacientes com m�� oclus��o de Classe II, divis��o 1, idade m��dia inicial de 10,77 anos, tratados com o aparelho regulador de fun����o RF-2 durante 18 meses e reavaliados num per��odo de p��s-tratamento 7,16 anos, em m��dia. Os 54 modelos de gesso foram avaliados no in��cio do tratamento (T1), no final do tratamento (T2) e decorridos 7,16 anos p��s-tratamento (T3). Foram analisadas as altera����es transversais e sagitais; o ��ndice de irregularidade de Little e o ��ndice de Prioridade de Tratamento (IPT). As altera����es ocorridas nos per��odos analisados foram verificadas por meio da an��lise de Vari��ncia- ANOVA e, em seguida, pelo teste de compara����es m��ltiplas de Bonferroni, com o valor cr��tico adotado de 0,05. Os resultados demonstraram que o tratamento com o RF-2 promoveu um aumento transversal estatisticamente significante, tanto no arco dent��rio superior quanto no inferior, por��m, no per��odo p��s-tratamento, houve recidiva parcial ou mesmo total deste aumento na maioria das dimens��es analisadas. J�� o comprimento dos arcos dent��rios superior e inferior diminuiu durante todo o per��odo avaliado. O ��ndice de Irregularidade de Little apresentou-se est��vel durante o tratamento, entretanto aumentou no per��odo p��s-tratamento. Al��m disso, o tratamento com o RF-2 proporcionou uma diminui����o estatisticamente significante do IPT, refletindo a efic��cia do tratamento realizado uma vez que esta diminui����o permaneceu est��vel no per��odo p��s-tratamento. Portanto, o aparelho RF-2 demonstrou ser eficaz na corre����o dent��ria da m�� oclus��o de Classe II, divis��o 1, com estabilidade dos resultados decorridos 7,16 anos ap��s o tratamento. Por��m, em rela����o ao ganho transversal nos arcos dent��rios obtido durante o tratamento, houve recidiva parcial ou total de todas as vari��veis analisadas.(AU)

AVALIA����O CEFALOM��TRICA DA ESTABILIDADE DO TRATAMENTO COM O REGULADOR DE FUN����O FR��NKEL-2

O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em comparar as altera����es dent��rias, esquel��ticas e tegumentares promovidas pelo aparelho de Fr��nkel-2 com um grupo controle, al��m de observar a estabilidade desses efeitos promovidos pelo tratamento, num per��odo m��dio de 7,11 anos p��s-tratamento. A amostra compreendeu um total de 90 telerradiografias em norma lateral, sendo 54 telerradiografias provenientes de 18 pacientes tratados com o RF-2 avaliados em tr��s fases (T1:in��cio de tratamento;T2: final de tratamento e T3: p��s-tratamento) e 36 telerradiografias de 18 pacientes-controle, observados em dois tempos. Para compara����o entre os grupos tratado e controle foi utilizado o teste t de Student n��o pareado. J�� para a an��lise dos valores do grupo tratado nos tr��s tempos (T1, T2 e T3) foi utilizada a An��lise de Vari��ncia (ANOVA) a um crit��rio e o teste de Tukey (p<0,05). As principais altera����es proporcionadas pelo aparelho RF-2 observadas a partir da compara����o do grupo tratado com o controle envolveram efeitos mandibulares, principalmente a protrus��o e aumento do comprimento mandibular associado com uma rota����o hor��ria, que resultou em uma maior altura facial total (N-Me) e ��ntero-inferior (AFAI), al��m de suave rota����o anti-hor��ria do plano palatino (SN.PP). Os incisivos superiores retru��ram e o inferior vestibularizou. Houve uma distaliza����o relativa dos molares superiores juntamente com a diminui����o do overjet , desta forma a convexidade do perfil facial tegumentar melhorou. No per��odo p��s-tratamento (T3) observou-se uma estabilidade sagital de maxila (SNA) e mand��bula (SNB), das vari��veis do padr��o facial, da inclina����o do incisivo superior, do ��ngulo nasolabial e do overjet . A mand��bula e a maxila continuaram a crescer no sentido antero-posterior, juntamente com as alturas faciais Houve tamb��m a extrus��o de incisivos e molares. J�� o plano oclusal e o ��ngulo gon��aco diminu��ram na fase p��s-tratamento.(AU)

Stability of anterior open-bite treatment with occlusal adjustment

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the long-term stability of anterior open-bite treatment with occlusal adjustment and the dentinal sensitivity caused by this procedure in the long term. Methods: The sample comprised 17 open-bite patients who experienced relapse of the negative vertical overbite after orthodontic treatment and were retreated with occlusal adjustment. The cephalometric changes were evaluated on lateral cephalograms obtained before and after the occlusal adjustment and in the long term (mean, 3.4 years after occlusal adjustment). Dentinal sensitivity was also evaluated before the occlusal adjustment, and 1.35 months, 4.61 months, and 3.4 years later. The cephalometric statuses between the 3 evaluations were compared with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests. The percentages of clinically significant relapse were calculated. To compare dentinal sensitivity at the several stages, nonparametric Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were performed. Results: Statistically significant relapse of anterior open bite occurred in 33.3% of the patients. Those who had the procedure before 21 years of age were most likely to experience relapse. Dentinal sensitivity remained within the normal range in the long term. Conclusions: Despite the statistically significant relapse of anterior open bite, clinically significant stability was found in 66.7% of the patients. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010; 138:14.e1-14.e7)

Treatment stability in patients with Class II malocclusion treated with 2 maxillary premolar extractions or without extractions

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the occlusal stability of Class II malocclusion treatment with and without extraction of 2 maxillary premolars. Methods: A sample of 59 records from patients with complete Class II malocclusion was used. This sample was divided into 2 groups with the following characteristics: group 1, comprising 29 patients treated without extractions, and group 2, comprising 30 patients treated with extraction of 2 maxillary premolars. Dental cast measurements were obtained before and after treatment and at a minimum of 2.4 years after treatment. The pretreatment, posttreatment, and postretention occlusal statuses were evaluated with the peer assesment rating index. The occlusal indexes at the postretention stage and the posttreatment changes and percentages of posttreatment changes were compared with t tests. Results: The nonextraction and the 2 maxillary premolar extraction treatment protocols of complete Class II malocclusions had no statistically significant differences in occlusal stability. Conclusions: Finishing Class II malocclusion treatment with the molars in a Class II relationship has similar occlusal stability as finishing with the molars in a Class I relationship. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010;138:16-22)

Lateral open bite: Treatment and stability

Because of their multifactorial etiologies, dental and skeletal open bites are among the most difficult malocclusions to treat to a successful and stable result. Etiologic factors include vertical maxillary excess, skeletal pattern, abnormalities in dental eruption, and tongue-thrust problems. The purpose of this article was to report the treatment of an adult patient with a lateral open bite and a unilateral posterior crossbite. The treatment involved nonextraction therapy, including intermaxillary elastics, to obtain dentoalveolar extrusion in the region of the lateral open bite. The treatment results were successful and remained stable 2 years later. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010;137:701-11)

Influence of rapid palatal expansion on maxillary incisor alignment stability

Introduction: The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the long-term stability of maxillary incisor alignment in patients treated with and without rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Methods: The sample comprised 48 subjects with Class I and Class II malocclusions, treated without extractions with fixed edgewise appliances, divided into 2 groups according to the treatment protocol: group 1 comprised 25 patients (15 girls, 10 boys) at a mean initial age of 13.53 years (SD, 1.63), who had RME during orthodontic treatment. Group 2 comprised 23 patients (13 girls, 10 boys) at a mean initial age of 13.36 years (SD, 1.81 years), treated with fixed appliances without RME. Maxillary dental cast measurements were obtained at the pretreatment, posttreatment, and long-term posttreatment stages. Variables assessed were the irregularity index and maxillary arch dimensions. Intergroup comparisons were made with independent t tests. Results: Greater transverse increases were found during treatment in the group treated with RME. However, during the long-term posttreatment period, no significant difference was observed in the amount of incisor crowding relapse between the groups. Conclusions: RME did not influence long-term maxillary anterior alignment stability. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010; 137: 164. e1-164.e6)

Long-term stability of Class II malocclusion treated with 2-and 4-premolar extraction protocols

Introduction: The objective of this study was to cephalometrically compare the stability of complete Class II malocclusion treatment with 2 or 4 premolar extractions after a mean period of 9.35 years. Methods: A sample of 57 records from patients with complete Class II malocclusion was selected and divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 30 patients with an initial mean age of 12.87 years treated with extraction of 2 maxillary premolars. Group 2 consisted of 27 patients with an initial mean age of 13.72 years treated with extraction of 4 premolars. T tests were used to compare the groups` initial cephalometric characteristics and posttreatment changes. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the correlation between treatment and posttreatment dental-relationship changes. Results: During the posttreatment period, both groups had similar behavior, except that group 1 had a statistically greater maxillary forward displacement and a greater increase in the apical-base relationship than group 2. On the other hand, group 2 had a statistically greater molar-relationship relapse toward Class II. There were significant positive correlations between the amounts of treatment and posttreatment dentoalveolar-relationship changes. Conclusions: Treatment of complete Class II malocclusions with 2 maxillary premolar extractions or 4 premolar extractions had similar long-term posttreatment stability. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009;136:154.e1-154.e10)

Stability and relapse of maxillary anterior crowding treatment in Class I and Class II Division 1 malocclusions

Introduction: The maxillary anterior teeth are the most important to facial esthetics because they are the first to show on a smile. Therefore, stability of the maxillary anterior teeth alignment is an important issue. The objective of this study was to compare the stability of maxillary anterior tooth alignment in Class I and Class II Division 1 malocclusions. Methods: The sample comprised dental casts of 70 patients with Class I and Class II Division 1 malocclusions and a minimum of 3 mm of maxillary anterior crowding measured by an irregularity index. The patients were treated with extractions and evaluated at pretreatment and posttreatment and at least 5 years after treatment. The sample was divided into 3 groups: group 1, Class I malocclusion treated with 4 first premolar extractions comprising 30 subjects, with an initial age of 13.16 years and 8.59 mm of initial maxillary irregularity; group 2, Class II malocclusion treated with 4 first premolar extractions comprising 20 subjects, with an initial age of 12.95 years and 11.10 mm of maxillary irregularity; and group 3, Class II malocclusion treated with 2 first maxillary premolar extractions comprising 20 subjects, with an initial age of 13.09 years and 9.68 mm of maxillary irregularity. Results: The decrease in the maxillary irregularity index was significantly greater in group 2 than in group 1 during treatment. The stability of maxillary anterior alignment was 88.12% over the long term; 77% of the linear displacement of the anatomic contact points tended to return to their original positions. Conclusions: Stability of maxillary anterior alignment between the 3 groups was similar. The stability of maxillary anterior alignment was high over the long term, but a high percentage of teeth tended to return to their original positions. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 139: 768-74)

Influence of root parallelism on the stability of extraction-site closures

Introduction: In premolar extraction cases, root parallelism is recommended to preserve the stability of space closures. The influence of the degree of root parallelism on relapse of tooth extraction spaces has been a controversial topic in the literature. The aim of this study was to compare the angle between the long axes of the canine and the second premolarin patients with and without stability of extraction-space closures. Methods: A sample of 56 patients, treated with 4 premolar extractions, was divided into 2 groups: group 1, consisting of 25 patients with reopening of extraction spaces; and group 2, consisting of 31 patients without reopening of extraction spaces. Panoramic radiographs of each patient were analyzed at the posttreatment and 1-year posttreatment stages. The data were statistically analyzed by using chi-square tests, t tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The results showed that the groups did not differ regarding the angle between the canine and the second premolar, and there was no correlation between angular changes and reopening of extraction spaces, showing that dental angular changes are not determining factors for relapse, and other factors should be investigated. Conclusions: The final angle and the posttreatment changes observed in the angle between the long axes of the canine and the second premolar showed no influence on the relapse of extraction spaces. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 139: e505-e510)

Long-term stability of surgical-orthodontic open-bite correction

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term stability of open-bite surgical-orthodontic correction. Methods: Thirty-nine patients at an initial mean age of 20.83 years were evaluated cephalometrically at pretreatment (T1), immediately after treatment (T2), and at the last recall (T3), with a mean follow-up time of 8.22 years. The surgical protocol included single-jaw or double-jaw surgery. Because the patients had different anteroposterior malocclusions, the sample was divided into a Class I and Class II (I-II) subgroup (3 Class I, 20 Class II malocclusion patients) and a Class III subgroup (16 patients). The dentoskeletal characteristics of the total sample and the subgroups were compared at T1, T2, and T3 with dependent analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Overbite relapse in the posttreatment period was statistically significant in the whole sample and the Class I-II subgroup. Fourteen patients of the whole sample (35.9%) had clinically significant open-bite relapse (negative overbite). Conclusions: There was a statistically significant open-bite relapse in the overall sample and in the Class I-II subgroup. The clinically significant values of long-term open-bite correction stability were 64.11%, 47.82%, and 87.50% in the overall sample, the Class I-II subgroup, and the Class III subgroup, respectively. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010;138:254.e1-254.e10)

In vitro study of color stability of polycrystalline and monocrystalline ceramic brackets

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)