993 resultados para Ontologies (Informàtica)


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Estudi d'ontologies existents sobre dispositius mòbils i reutilització d'una d'elles en un prototip que mostra els fitxers suportats per un dispositiu seleccionat per l'usuari.

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En este artículo se presenta la ontología OntPersonal, una ontología de personalización para la aplicación ITINER@, un sistema generador de rutas turísticas basado en información semántica. La ontología OntPersonal modela un conjunto de preferencias turísticas y restricciones de contexto asociadas al usuario final (turista), lo que se denomina su perfil. A partir de un juego de reglas SWRL se intentan inferir los puntos de interés (POI o visitables) -obtenidos de una ontología externa instanciada- más relevantes para cada perfil. Esta información, aunada a otras consideraciones, podría utilizarse por el sistema ITINER@ para construir rutas turísticas personalizadas. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos al evaluar la ontología usando POI pertenecientes a la región de Esterri d'Àneu en Cataluña, España.

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This file contains the ontology of patterns of educational settings, as part of the formal framework for specifying, reusing and implementing educational settings. Furthermore, it includes the set of rules that extend the ontology of educational scenarios as well as a brief description of the level of patters of such ontological framework.

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El objetivo de este proyecto es familiarizarse con las tecnologías de Semántica, entender que es una ontología y aprender a modelar una en un dominio elegido por nosotros. Realizar un parser que conectándose a la la Wikipedia y/o DBpedia rellene dicha ontología permitiendo al usuario navegar por sus conceptos y estudiar sus relaciones.

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En el curso y ejecución de este trabajo, ahondaré en el concepto de web semántica, unarealidad cada vez más tangible, que bajo el acrónimo de web 3.0 supondrá el relevo del actual modelo web.Al tratarse de un campo de aplicación muy extenso, centraremos la temática en el diseño y populación semiautomática de ontologías, siendo estas ultimas una pieza clave en el desarrollo y el éxito potencial de las tecnologías semánticas.

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Software de lectura y población de ontología con información de DBpedia y Wikipedia.

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En aquest treball es realitza un estudi sobre l'estat de l'art de la web semàntica i els seus estàndards actuals, més concretament sobre ontologies. Descriu també el procés pràctic emprat pel disseny i la implementació d'una ontologia en el domini concret de Twitter, en format OWL, fent servir l'aplicació Protégé per a la seva creació. Finalment explica la creació (captura de requeriments, disseny i implementació) d'una aplicació capaç d'obtenir dades reals de Twitter, processar-les per extreure'n la informació rellevant i emmagatzemar-la a la ontologia creada.

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Trabalho apresentado no âmbito do Mestrado em Engenharia Informática, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

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Based in internet growth, through semantic web, together with communication speed improvement and fast development of storage device sizes, data and information volume rises considerably every day. Because of this, in the last few years there has been a growing interest in structures for formal representation with suitable characteristics, such as the possibility to organize data and information, as well as the reuse of its contents aimed for the generation of new knowledge. Controlled Vocabulary, specifically Ontologies, present themselves in the lead as one of such structures of representation with high potential. Not only allow for data representation, as well as the reuse of such data for knowledge extraction, coupled with its subsequent storage through not so complex formalisms. However, for the purpose of assuring that ontology knowledge is always up to date, they need maintenance. Ontology Learning is an area which studies the details of update and maintenance of ontologies. It is worth noting that relevant literature already presents first results on automatic maintenance of ontologies, but still in a very early stage. Human-based processes are still the current way to update and maintain an ontology, which turns this into a cumbersome task. The generation of new knowledge aimed for ontology growth can be done based in Data Mining techniques, which is an area that studies techniques for data processing, pattern discovery and knowledge extraction in IT systems. This work aims at proposing a novel semi-automatic method for knowledge extraction from unstructured data sources, using Data Mining techniques, namely through pattern discovery, focused in improving the precision of concept and its semantic relations present in an ontology. In order to verify the applicability of the proposed method, a proof of concept was developed, presenting its results, which were applied in building and construction sector.

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El projecte centra els seus esforços en la darrera activitat: el refactoring d'ontologies. En concret, les expressades en OWL, el llenguatge per a ontologies pensat pel W3C. El resultat final del projecte ha estat la implementació en Java d'un plugin per a Protégé que permet l'execució d'operacions de refactoring sobre ontologies OWL. Part principal del plugin és un framework que ofereix el marc d'execució per a les operacions implementades i permet incorporar noves operacions sense haver-lo de modificar.

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Aquest document exposa la elaboració del Projecte de fi de carrera "Ontologies Turístiques Geogràfiques", corresponent a l'àrea de XML i Web semàntica dels estudis d'Enginyeria Informàtica de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya que tracta de la creació d'una ontologia turística geogràfica que permeti etiquetar els fitxers que contenguin informació sobre els punts d'interès per a poder representar els aspectes de l'àmbit turístic.

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En aquest paper, analitzem les principals ontologies amb la finalitat de dibuixar un panorama general d'una de les eines més utilitzades en l'estructuració del coneixement. En primer lloc, presentem una àmplia descripció de les cinc ontologies més difoses entre la comunitat científica dedicada a la gestió de la informació. Seguidament, repassem breument algunes de les eines de gestió que s'utilitzen per crear i actualitzar ontologies. I, finalment, presentem algunes conclusions en relació a la selecció d'una ontologia i d'un sistema de gestió per a la seva utilització en el marc dels projectes vigents del grup IULATERM.

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In order to improve the management of copyright in the Internet, known as Digital Rights Management, there is the need for a shared language for copyright representation. Current approaches are based on purely syntactic solutions, i.e. a grammar that defines a rights expression language. These languages are difficult to put into practise due to the lack of explicit semantics that facilitate its implementation. Moreover, they are simple from the legal point of view because they are intended just to model the usage licenses granted by content providers to end-users. Thus, they ignore the copyright framework that lies behind and the whole value chain from creators to end-users. Our proposal is to use a semantic approach based on semantic web ontologies. We detail the development of a copyright ontology in order to put this approach into practice. It models the copyright core concepts for creation, rights and the basic kinds of actions that operate on content. Altogether, it allows building a copyright framework for the complete value chain. The set of actions operating on content are our smaller building blocks in order to cope with the complexity of copyright value chains and statements and, at the same time, guarantee a high level of interoperability and evolvability. The resulting copyright modelling framework is flexible and complete enough to model many copyright scenarios, not just those related to the economic exploitation of content. The ontology also includes moral rights, so it is possible to model this kind of situations as it is shown in the included example model for a withdrawal scenario. Finally, the ontology design and the selection of tools result in a straightforward implementation. Description Logic reasoners are used for license checking and retrieval. Rights are modelled as classes of actions, action patterns are modelled also as classes and the same is done for concrete actions. Then, to check if some right or license grants an action is reduced to check for class subsumption, which is a direct functionality of these reasoners.

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We present the data structures and algorithms used in the approach for building domain ontologies from folksonomies and linked data. In this approach we extracts domain terms from folksonomies and enrich them with semantic information from the Linked Open Data cloud. As a result, we obtain a domain ontology that combines the emergent knowledge of social tagging systems with formal knowledge from Ontologies.

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This article proposes a MAS architecture for network diagnosis under uncertainty. Network diagnosis is divided into two inference processes: hypothesis generation and hypothesis confirmation. The first process is distributed among several agents based on a MSBN, while the second one is carried out by agents using semantic reasoning. A diagnosis ontology has been defined in order to combine both inference processes. To drive the deliberation process, dynamic data about the influence of observations are taken during diagnosis process. In order to achieve quick and reliable diagnoses, this influence is used to choose the best action to perform. This approach has been evaluated in a P2P video streaming scenario. Computational and time improvements are highlight as conclusions.